COLONIAL DEVELOPMENT
Life in Virginia and what are the
reasons for the increase use of
slavery
Early
life in Chesapeake bay
(Virginia) deadly
Malaria, dysentery, typhoid
Half the people born died before
twenty
Most Marriages ended within 7 years
because of deaths
6 to 1 ratio of men to women
One third of women pregnant at
wedding—
wedding
—why?
Because of weak family ties
Malaria, dysentery, typhoid
So
why go to Virginia?
Tobacco
Need
labor
N.A. die or run away
At that time African slaves too
expensive
Indentured Servant
Head
Head--right system
--who
--who ever paid for a laborer to come
got 50 acres of land
100,00 I.S. by 1700
How do you react
to this portrait?
What may be his
good qualities and
his bad qualities?
Nathaniel Bacon’s
Rebellion: 1676
Led 1,000 Virginians in
a rebellion against
Governor Berkeley
Nathaniel
Bacon
Governor
William
Berkeley
Rebels resented
Berkeley’s close
relations with Indians.
Berkeley monopolized
the fur trade with
the Indians in the
area.
Berkley refused to
retaliate for Indian
attacks on frontier
settlements.
Bacon’s Rebellion: 1676
Bacon’s Rebellion
Rebels attacked Indians, whether
they were friendly or not to whites.
Governor Berkeley driven from
Jamestown.
They burned the capital.
Rebels went on a rampage of
plundering.
Bacon suddenly died of fever.
Berkeley brutally crushed the rebellion
and hanged 20 rebels.
Governor Berkeley’s
“Fault Line”
Results of Bacon’s
Rebellion
It exposed resentments between
inland frontiersmen and landless
former servants against gentry on
coastal plantations.
SocioSocio-economic class
differences/clashes between rural and
urban communities would continue
throughout American history.
Upper class planters searched for
laborers less likely to rebel BLACK
SLAVES!!
Bacon’s Rebellion
Planters
have less land to give to I.S.
Freemen jobless, homeless, no
women
Nathaniel Bacon leads Freemen in a
civil war against Virginia (1676)
Dies suddenlysuddenly-revolt over
Landowners look for less
troublesome labor-labor--???
???
Beginnings of Slavery
Perhaps
10 million Africans brought
to the new world
Vast majority of Africans sent to S.
America and the West Indies
(Caribbean Islands)
Slavery began for economic reasons,
but racism was an underlying reason
(how do you justify “owning” another
person?)
Economics of Slavery
Rising
wages in England reduces labor
pool
Mutinous former servants
The British Royal African company lost
its monopoly (1698) and Americans
started into the slave trade
Supply upup- price down
By 17101710-more than 10,000 Africans
brought to the colonies
Slave Codes
1662
Virginia makes laws stating
that slaves and their children belong
to the owner
Slaves are property
Slavery spreads the social structure
between wealth and poverty—
poverty—Why?
A few rich planters, then small
farmers, landless whites, slaves
Cities had professionalsprofessionals- lawyers,
merchants
Life and economy in New
England
New England
Clean
water, cool temps increased
life span to 70 years
Complete families
Women averaged a child every two
years
Divorce was rare
Family stabilitystability-low premarital
pregnancy rates
Half--way Covenant
Half
Puritan beliefs in decline
Conversions in declinedecline-(what is happening
to church memberships?)
Half
Half--way CovenantCovenant-allow baptism, but not
communion to unconverted members
Dilutes spiritual puritypurity-but membership up
Side effecteffect-women become majority in
church
Salem Witchcraft trials
A
group of girls accused older women
of bewitching them.
Led to 200 trials of men/womenmen/women-19
hung--one pressed to death
hung
2 dogs hung also
Example of class envy and group
hysteria.
Causes, why it ended and lessons learned
New England Economy
Cold
climate, poor soil, mountains
led to a diversified agriculture and
industry
Cod Fishing leads to ship building
which needs lumber
No need for slavery
Once on sailing ship (C), he will stand in one of the barrels
fastened to the ship's side, with his leather apron hanging outside
to keep him dry. As he pulls in fish all day, he will send them up
over his shoulder for gutting, heading and stowage with some salt
to let the juices flow out (yum). A couple of days later they will
repack everything with some more salt.
A picture of a cod
Colonial Settlers life
Majority
are farmersfarmers-up at dawn, bed
at dusk
Women cook, clean, cared for children
Men farmed and hunted
On average Americans lived a much
better life than Europeans
Colonists are combining European,
Native people, and American cultures
to form a new society.
A well dressed colonial family