Unit 3 – Quiz 2: TREATY OF VERSAILLES (redux) and WORLD WAR TWO (Circle the correct answer.) 1) The Versailles Peace Treaty a. Stipulated that everyone reduce armaments to the level required for homeland defense b. Allowed Germany’s colonies to decide whether to become independent or become mandates of either Great Britain or France c. Incorporated all of the proposals from Wilson’s 14 Points except the one to allow nationalities to determine whether to form new national boundaries d. Created what the Black Hand had wanted: a single nation uniting the South Slavs 2) Communist China celebrates May 4 as the day the Japanese were allowed to stay in Shandong province because the a. Japanese started communism in China b. Japanese had driven the hated Germans out of Shandong c. Hated nobility of Shandong would be wiped out by the Japanese in World War II d. Angry protests against the treaty makers began a movement that led toward communism 3) Which of the following is the best summation of what made the Great Depression so bad? a. Over-­‐production led to falling prices and when stock got so cheap, even ordinary people started “playing the market,” which led to crazy speculation until the “bubble” finally burst and the market crashed. b. The “Fed” raised interest rates to slow down the “overheated” stock market, but since many ordinary people were struggling, they stopped shopping, which hurt businesses that were already over-­‐producing. c. Farmers lost their farms when the stock market crashed, so they stopped shopping; businesses were slow to react, so they ended up over-­‐producing. d. The “Fed” lowered interest rates when the stock market crashed, but this caused banks to begin to fail because not enough people were borrowing; this panicked investors, who caused the market to drop even further. 4) Which of the following is NOT a belief of the Italian fascists? a. Self-­‐sacrifice is ennobling while pursuing happiness through well-­‐being is animalistic b. Capitalist practices work only if everyone does what’s best for the State, and avoids individualistic practices such as going on strike c. The overriding purpose of the State is to preserve the Aryan race d. An Italian woman should have lots of babies and raise them all to be good Catholics 5) In the 1930s, which of the following imperialist countries expanded its empire by “liberating” other country’s colonies and keeping them as their own? a. Japan b. Germany c. Italy d. Russia 6) Which of the following is a true statement about the rise of Hitler and the Nazi Party? a. The Nazi Party’s gains in parliament were a direct result of the country’s panic during the hyperinflation of 1923 b. It was the fear tactics of the Nazi party that drove away voters and allowed them to steal the 1932 election c. Hitler’s rise to absolute power was technically constitutional in that he had been appointed Chancellor by the President; as such he had the authority to enforce martial law in a crisis d. The communists were the closest rivals of the Nazis, but they never recovered their popularity after the Reichstag fire 7) Which of the following is an accurate comparison of military tactics and practices of World War I and World War II? a. Airplanes were much more important in WW I than they were in WW II. b. Because of their ability to break through barbed wire, tanks were more important to attacking armies in WWI. c. The traditional line between civilian and military targets was almost always adhered to in WWI but often ignored in WW II. d. While trench warfare slowed down the progress of armies in WWI, firebombing had the same effect in WW II. 8) The first declaration of war against Germany was when they a. Moved into the Sudetenland b. Broke the Munich Agreement by capturing all of Czechoslovakia c. Broke the terms of the Versailles Treaty by moving troops into the Rhineland d. Invaded Poland 9) The United States did not declare war on Germany and Japan until after a. Japan brutalized the Chinese nationalist capitol of Nanjing b. Germany began to bomb London c. Paris fell to the Nazis d. Pearl Harbor was attacked 10) The turning points in the two theatres of the war (when the Germans and the Japanese were stopped from expanding) were a. Stalingrad and Guadalcanal b. D-­‐Day and the atomic bombing of Hiroshima c. D-­‐Day and the Solomon Islands d. Stalingrad and the bombing of Pearl Harbor 11) The Potsdam Declaration told the Japanese they a. Would be utterly destroyed unless they surrendered b. Would be occupied until they could show convincing proof that their war-­‐making power is destroyed c. Must remove all obstacles to establishing democracy (for example, they must allow free speech) d. All of the above 12) The so-­‐called “Iron Curtain” was formed when a. The Nazis conquered Greece, creating a contiguous empire from the Baltic to the Mediterranean b. A tightening “noose” was formed around Germany by the British, Americans and Canadians coming from the West and the Russians coming from the East c. The Russians set up communist governments in the countries that they liberated from the Nazis d. A wall was built separating East and West Berlin 13) All of the following are differences between the United Nations and the League of Nations EXCEPT a. The League of Nations did not contain the majority of the world’s nations b. The United Nations has a Security Council that can veto actions voted on by the majority of nations c. Russia was an original member of the United Nations but was never a member of the League of Nations d. The United Nations has peacekeeping forces 14) The actions taken after the end of WW II were an improvement over those taken after WWI in all of the following ways EXCEPT a. The Allies invested money in the countries they defeated instead of asking for reparations b. The United Nations invited every nation to be included c. Japan willingly demilitarized d. All nations began to cut back their armaments