LAB 1
MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY
Objective: To demonstrate proficiency in using terms that describes body regions, planes of
section, body regions and cavities, and abdominal regions.
A. Body Regions
Study the diagram of body regions found in your text (Figure 1.7). Learn the terms for the regions pictured. After
studying the diagram, label the numbered regions on the following diagrams.
2
1
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
11
10
12
13
14
16
17
15
18
19
20
21
23
22
z
25
24
26
27
28
29
32
30
31
1
34
33
35
36
37
38
40
39
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
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B. Body Cavities
Using models and diagrams locate the cavities listed below and list major organs found in each cavity.
Cavity
1.
Major Organs
Thoracic
a.
Pleural cavities
b.
Mediastinum
c.
Pericardial cavity
2.
Abdominal cavity
3.
Pelvic cavity
4.
Cranial cavity
5.
Vertebral (spinal) cavity
In addition, locate each of the following cavities:
6.
Nasal cavity
7.
Oral (buccal) cavity
8.
Orbital
QUESTIONS
1.
What larger cavity do cavities #1, #2 and #3 in the table above belong to?
2.
What larger cavity do cavities #2 and #3 belong to?
3.
What larger cavity do cavities #4 and #5 belong to?
4.
Name the cavity that each of the following would be found in
a.
Spinal cord
e.
Spleen
b.
Esophogus, trachea
f.
Brain
c.
Heart
g.
Eye
d.
Liver
h.
Lung
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C. Label the cavities numbered on the diagrams below
1
3
2
4
6
5
7
8
(entire mid-region)
9
10
11
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D. Abdominopelvic Regions
Locate the following regions on models. List the major organs found in each region using the table given and label the
regions on the diagram below.
Regions
1.
Epigastric
2.
Umbilical
3.
Hypogastric
4.
Right hypochondriac
5.
Left hypochondriac
6.
Right lumbar
7.
Left lumbar
8.
Right inguinal (iliac)
9.
Left inguinal (iliac)
Major Organs
4
1
5
9
6
2
3
7
8
5
E. Body Planes
Label the body planes of each diagram
1.
2.
3.
QUESTIONS
1.
What organ would most likely be affected if injury to the right hypochondriac region occurs?
2.
Severe indigestion often presents as pain the ____________________________ region.
3.
The urinary bladder is found in the ____________________________ region.
4.
The right kidney is in the ______________________________ region.
5.
A deep stab wound in the umbilical region would involve injury to what organs?
6.
Through what plane would one make a cut to view the lateral aspect of the heart?
7.
What would you call the above section if it were through the midline? If it were lateral to the midline?
8.
Through what plane would one make a cut to visualize the inferior aspect of the liver?
9.
To view the anterior surface of the lung one would make a cut through what plane?
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F. Terminology
Study the directional terms in Table 1.1 of your text and answer the questions below (Questions 7-8 pertain to serous
membranes).
1.
The head is __________________________ to the neck.
2.
The hand is _________________________ to the elbow.
3.
The ear is ______________________ to the nose.
4.
Skin is ____________________________ to muscle.
5.
The heart is _____________________________ to the lungs.
6.
The viscera are ___________________________ to the epidermis.
7.
The membrane covering the surface of the lungs is the __________________________ pleura.
8.
The membrane lining the abdominal cavity is the __________________________ peritoneum.
G. Prefixes and Suffixes
A large part of anatomy and physiology is vocabulary, therefore it is helpful to learn the meaning of as many prefixes
and suffixes as possible. Most of these can be found in your text. Look up the meaning of each prefix or suffix below
and use it properly in a sentence.
Prefix/Suffix
1.
brachi
2.
epi
3.
endo
4.
peri
5.
hypo
6.
hyper
7.
chondr
8.
cephal
9.
cardio
Sentence
10. neuro
11. pleur
12. para
13. a
14. hemi
15. ectomy
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E. Organ Systems
Using the Human Torso models, identify all the organs of each organ system (Text pp. ). Then, using the directional
terms from ……….on page ?? of the text, give the locations of the organs in a system relative to the indicated organs and
fill in the Table below.
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ORGAN SYSTEM
ORGAN
RELATIVE POSITION—use the following terms when applicable: superior,
inferior, anterior, posterior, superficial, deep, medial, lateral
Digestive
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small Intestine
Liver
Pancreas
Large Intestine
Larynx
Trachea
Lungs
Heart
Thyroid
Pancreas
Adrenal Gland
Ovaries/Testes
Kidneys
Ureter
Bladder
Urethra
Liver
Thyroid Gland
Adrenal Gland
Relative to mouth & esophagus: Inferior and superior, respectively
Relative to pharynx & stomach:
R to esophagus & liver:
R to stomach & large intestine:
R to small intestines & large intestines:
Relative to stomach & small intestines:
R to stomach & liver
R to pharynx & trachea:
R to lungs
R to esophagus
Relative to lungs & trachea:
Relative to trachea & heart:
R to stomach
Relative to Pancreas & Kidney
Relative to the external genitalia
Relative to Ureter
R to Bladder
R to Urethra
R to Heart
R to diaphragm
R to trachea
R to kidney
Respiratory
Circulatory
Endocrine
Excretory/Urinary
Other
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