Victoria Bello
Unit 32, P5, M3
Matt Hopton
Proprioception
Proprioception is the way our bodies detect subtle changes in movement,
position, tension and force within the body enabling the muscles to contract
quickly protecting us from injury. Specialised sensory receptors called
Proprioceptors are found on nerve endings in muscles, tendons, the inner ear
and joints. These Proprioceptors relay information about the bodies position
and it’s movement in space.
(http://sportsmedicine.about.com/b/2009/01/18/what-is-proprioception.htm)
Proprioception is the ‘memory’ of our muscles; training them to work
simultaneously after practicing and repeating the same exercise.
Locomotion
Fell running is a sport which involves running up and down hills, which takes
a large amount of ability and training. One necessary attribute of a fell runner
is the ability to change their stride quickly as the surface changes, while
ensuring the length of the stride is appropriate for the incline; controlling the
stride length to offset the build up of lactic acid.
‘There is no better way of developing the ability to climb than running on the
fells or doing specific hill repetitions in training’
(http://www.brianmac.co.uk/fell/fcoach.htm)
Repetition of a certain exercise allows the muscles to practice and become
used to the procedure and remember how to work together most efficiently.
(http://www.runnersworld.co.uk/news/images/hill-descent250x195.jpg)
Victoria Bello
Unit 32, P5, M3
Matt Hopton
Balance
Ours ears help keep us balanced; there are three sections of the ear, the
outer ear, the middle ear and the inner ear. It is the inner ear which is
responsible for balance; composed of three main parts, the cochlea, the
semicircular canals and the vestibule. While the cochlea is responsible for
hearing, the semicircular canals are associated with balance. Three
semicircular canals are positioned at right angles to each other in the inner
ear similar to a gyroscope. This enables them to sense changes in movement
in the body which causes endolymph waves; this moves hair cells within the
canals enabling them to sense the position of the head. This is stimulated
when the head moves changing the relationship to gravity. The vestibule
connects both the cochlea and the semicircular canals while containing two
more balance and equilibrium related strucutures, the utride and the saccule.
(http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=21685)
Posture
Rugby players often practice a ‘scrum’ which involves each team crouching
side by side with locked arms engaging the opposite team so that the heads
are interlocked. Each rugby player works together to make their team more
powerful. They use a isotonic contraction in their legs providing them with
lots of tension and force but no movement.
There are two types of isotonic contractions; concentric and eccentric.
Concentric – The muscle shortens as the muscle tension rises to meet the
resistance and stay at that level.
Eccentric- The muscle lengthens as the resistance is greater than the force
being produced by the muscle.
Victoria Bello
Unit 32, P5, M3
Matt Hopton
(http://newsimg.bbc.co.uk/media/images/44181000/jpg/_44181384_eng_sa_scrum416.jpg)
Bibliography
http://sportsmedicine.about.com/b/2009/01/18/what-is-proprioception.htm
http://www.brianmac.co.uk/fell/fcoach.htm
http://www.runnersworld.co.uk/news/images/hill-descent250x195.jpg
http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=21685
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotonic_(exercise_physiology)
http://newsimg.bbc.co.uk/media/images/44181000/jpg/_44181384_eng_sa_s
crum416.jpg