Human Anatomy Medical Imaging Slide Show- Fall 2012
Slide 2- only form of imaging up until about 50 years ago, visualize hard, bony structures
and locate abnormally dense structures (tumors, TB nodules)
Slide 3- collapse of wrist in rheumatoid arthritis
Slide 4- osteoarthritis of knee- possibly caused by high heeled shoes
 The results showed that when the women were walking in high heels there was
greater strain between the kneecap and thigh bone and in the inner side of the
knee joint than when they walked with bare feet.
 "Our findings confirm that wearing high-heeled shoes significantly alters the
normal function of the ankle. Because of this compromise, compensations must
occur at the knee and hip to maintain stability and progression during walking.
Our findings suggest that most of these compensations occur at the knee."
Slide 5- Infraorbital fracture
Slide 6- ovarian teratoma (dermoid cyst) with teeth (very common)
Slide 7- large retropharyngeal abscess- tracheostomy performed, abscess drained (30 ml
pus)- fish bone removed from upper esophagus
Slide 8- 500+ year old Chachapoyan mummy (incan for “cloud people”)- good teeth
(unusual) damage to spine suggesting arthritis and tuberculosis
Slide 9- young crocodile with embedded shotgun pellets
Slide 10- travel pic
Slide 11- 9 year old female with pain and swelling in right ankle for 1 monthosteomyelitis caused by blastomycosis (fungus)- often inhaled or through woundcommon in Ohio valley
Slide 12- 12 month old with fever for two weeks, lethargic, seizures- swallowed open
safety pin causing brain abscesses (possibly from infected tear of esophagus or pharynx?)
Slide 13- osteogenesis imperfecta- first xray at 3 weeks, next two at 7 months—bottom
fetus with fractures in utero and concave vertebral bodies
Slide 14- child with rickets- The major problem in rickets is that something prevents the
normal orderly conversion of cartilage into bone. This is best seen at the ends of the
fastest growing bones in the body. If rickets begins in infancy or early childhood, the
long bones will show characteristic bowing deformities. Initially these stresses may be
due to the child crossing its legs as it sits, and later are predominantly due to the stresses
associated with weight bearing.
Slide 15- fractured clavicle
Slide 16- condoms full of swallowed drugs in GI tract
Slide 17- 32 year old man with shoulder pain- osteonecrosis of both humeral heads due to
steroid use (for treatment of leukemia)
Slide 18- hip replacement
Slide 19- travel pic
Slide 20- special ultrafast CT scanners have produce a technique called dynamic spatial
reconstruction (DSR)- 3D image
Slide 21- lymphoma- greatly enlarged spleen with tumor
Slide 22- mengingioma behind right eye- CT scans to plan surgery
Slide 23- alzheimers- rapid destruction (pink) of brain tissue (green)
Slide 24- harbor porpoise- red shows ear, yellow acoustic fats and grey bone (used to
determine sound pathways)
Slide 25- 47 year old man who had a wall collapse on him- complex lateral compression
injury with iliac fracture
Slide 26- aortic dissection at arrows
Slide 27- 25 year old male with self inflicted gunshot wound from zip gun (low velocity)intact bullet was removed and patient suffered no neurological defects
Slide 28 - 10 year old male who was struck by a motor vehicle. He sustained a grossly
displaced mandibular fracture, multiple avulsed mandibular teeth and multiple avulsed
maxillary teeth, and a small facial laceration. Fixed with lag screw.
Slide 29 – travel pic
Slide 30- Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) uses before and after x-rays to eliminate
other body structures
Slide 31- age related macular degeneration of eye
Slide 32-Chronic critical limb ischemia is manifested by pain at rest, nonhealing wounds
and gangrene. Ischemic rest pain is typically described as a burning pain in the arch or
distal foot that occurs while the patient is recumbent but is relieved when the patient
returns to a position in which the feet are dependent. Runoff of the left leg shows no
superficial femoral or popliteal artery. There was only collateral flow (arrow) from the
thigh to the calf.
Slide 33- This young man had been traversing western Massachusetts on a mountain bike
when he sweved and fell. In the emergency room, he was noted to have blood at the
urethral meatus and hematuria. Oblique view from a retrograde urethrogram performed
using a pediatric foley catheter for occlusion demonstrates transection of the bulbar
urethra, the so-called straddle injury. This injury is seen following accidents involving
fences, boats and bicycles when the male urethra and corpus spongiosum is compressed
between a hard object and the inferior aspect of the pubis. Straddle injuries are not
associated with pelvic fractures.
Slide 34- bone scan uses different radiation type
Slide 35– 43 year old man with pain after falling on hand- increased uptake shows
fracture of trapezium (wrist bone)
Slide 36- 2 year old with abdominal spasms and fever- bone scan shows increased uptake
in pelvis- after other tests diagnosed with leukemia causing skeletal changes that led to
stool build up
Slide 37- barium scan showing mega-esophagus caused by Chagas disease (American
Trypanosomiasis- Trypanosoma cruzi (a protozoan) is transmitted through infected insect
feces deposited near the bite of bloodsucking insects, especially reduviid insects ("kissing
bugs"); and also perinatally, through transfusion, or through parenteral injection. Vectors
are found in the wild or in the nooks and crannies of substandard housing. Based on
seroprevalence studies in Hispanic blood donors, between 50,000 and 100,000 people in
the United States are infected. It is estimated by the World Health Organization that 1618 million people are infected and up to 45,000 die each year.
Slide 38- nuclear medicine
Slide 39- left normal control brain, right adult with ADHD- white, red and orange
indicate high glucose metabolism, purple, green, and blue indicate lower glucose
metabolism (8.1% lower metabolism)
Slide 40- left normal brain activity, right cocaine abuser- less ability to metabolize
glucose in abuser- It does have effects on the brain that can be permanent!!!!!
Slide 41- patient who presented with a left lung nodule detected on chest x-ray. The scan
demonstrates intense activity in the nodule which is typical of cancer. No metastases are
present.
Slide 42- travel pic
Slide 43- SPECT
Slide 44- left- normal brain, right- middle cerebral artery infarction (stroke)
Slide 45- left-normal for this individual, right- during a manic episode (bipolar syndrome)
Slide 46- magnetic field up to 60,000 times stronger than Earth’s
Slide 47- brain scan of normal male on top and schizophrenic male on bottom-For a long
time, when schizophrenia was seen as a 'functional' disorder, there were doctors who
advocated that the whole concept of schizophrenia was untrustworthy, and not an illness,
but a sociological phenomenon - i.e. that patients with schizophrenia were normal people
driven insane by an insane world. Some pointed to the role of the mother and said that
some mothers' rearing behaviours were 'schizophrenogenic', i.e. that the mother's brought
up their children incorrectly and induced schizophrenic thought patterns in them. They
did this by using a 'double bind' eg asking the child to do something, but giving a
contrary non-verbal message. Other doctors and psychologists suggested that mental
illness was a 'myth'. The efficacy of antipsychotic drugs, and recent advances in
biological research have countered this 1970s concept, but difficulties with the concept of
schizophrenia remain. It is possible that the people who have schizophrenia are a
heterogenous group with different areas of their brains affected to varying degrees by
neurochemical imbalances, neurodevelopmental problems, genetic defects, viral
infections, or perinatal damage amongst other causes. Continuing research is essential. A
treatable cause for a percentage of patients is worth hunting for. Prior to this century,
between 10 and 30% of schizophrenia-like patients probably had neurosyphilis. Without
the knowledge of neurosyphilis that we now have, this group of treatable patients would
merely be a sub group of an even larger population of undifferentiated schizophrenia.
Slide 48- demyelination of spinal column in MS patient
Slide 49- travel pic
Slide 50- inexpensive equipment, analyzes echoes, not good for air-filled structures (lungs) or
structures surrounded by bone (brain)
Slide 51- baby sonogram- measured for better due date/ correct growth, etc.
Slide 52- 3D sonogram
Slide 53- kidney stones
Slide 54- Travel pic
Slide 55- Ryan