DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis
Practice Page
1. The steps listed below summarize the process of protein synthesis. Using the number 1-6,
arrange the steps in the correct order beginning with the process of transcription.
_____ DNA helix unwinds and helicase breaks apart the bond between the bases
_____mRNA codons are paired with the complimentary anticodons on the tRNA; amino acids
are added and peptide bonds form between those amino acids
_____DNA helix rejoins and mRNA leaves the nucleus carrying the DNA message to the
ribosome
_____RNA polymerase joins RNA bases with the DNA bases on the DNA template
_____Amino acids continue to be added until a “stop” codon is reached
_____Completed protein travels to golgi apparatus for modifying, shorting and packaging
Circle the best answers from the choices provided in the brackets [].
2. [transcription/translation] is the second process in protein synthesis in which tRNA bring amino
acids to the mRNA at the ribosome.
3. [transcription/translation] is the first process in protein synthesis in which mRNA is made from
the instructions of a DNA template.
4. Transcription occurs where in the cell? [nucleus/ribosome]
5. Translation occurs where in the cell? [nucleus/ribosome]
6. Which type of RNA is a structural component of a ribosome? [mRNA/ rRNA/ tRNA]
Multiple choice
7. How many codons are needed to specify three (3) amino acids?
a. 3
b. 6
c. 9
d. 0
8. Genes contain instruction for making and assembling
a. Purines
b. Nucleosomes
c. Proteins
d. Pyrimidines
9. Which type of RNA functions as the blue print for the genetic code?
a. rRNA
b. mRNA
c. tRNA
d. RNA polymerase
10. Which of the following is copied from a DNA template?
11.
12.
13.
14.
a. rRNA
b. mRNA
c. tRNA
d. RNA polymerase
Why is it possible for an amino acid to be specified by more than one kind of codon?
a. Some codons have the same sequence of nucleotides.
b. There are 64 different kinds of codons but only 20 amino acids.
c. Some codons do not specify an amino acid “methionine” and starts protein synthesis
d. The codon AUG codes for the amino acid “methionine”
Which is not a function of proteins?
a. Used to store energy and form the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane
b. Enzymes act as a catalyst to control the rate of chemical reactions
c. Proteins can be hormones used to carry chemical messages
d. Proteins help to protect against disease
All are stop codons except
a. UAA
b. UGA
c. UAB
d. AUG
5’ TTACGC 3’ Which of the following nucleotide base sequences complements the section of
DNA modeled above?
a. 5’CCAACG 3’
b. 3’ AATGCG 5’
c. 5’GCGATT 3’
d. 3’AAUGCG 5’