1. Industrial revolution:
2. Imperialism:
3. Middle Passage:
4. Slave factories:
5. Gold Coast of Africa:
6. Tribalism:
7. Mother countries:
8. White Man’s Burden:
9. Apartheid:
10. World War II:
11. Pan-Africanism:
12. Kwame Nkrumah:
13. Nelson Mandela:
14. Desmond Tutu:
15. ANC:
17. Africaans:
18. Sharpsville Massacre:
19. Soweto Riots:
Africa- Vocabulary Sheet

20.
F.W. de Klerk:
21.
Five Pillars of Islam:
22.
Mansa Musa

Africa- Vocabulary Sheet
1. Industrial revolution : increased the need for raw materials as machines made more products in a faster pace.
2. Imperialism: European countries needed to colonize Africa to get more raw materials.
3. Middle Passage: The route that slave ships took to bring slaves from Africa to the
Americas.
4. Slave factories: Places where slaves were brought in to be sold or bought.
5. Gold Coast of Africa: Ghana was the Gold Coast of Africa (north-west of Africa)
6. Tribalism: Belief in your own tribe(=group) not your country
7. Mother countries: Britain and France were the 2 major mother countries in Africa.
They each colonized 40% of Africa.
8. White Man’s Burden: Europeans thought it was their responsibility to educate
Africans and teach them about Christianity.
9. Apartheid: The policy of the Europeans in South Africa to separate the white people from the black. (Separate schools, beaches,…)
10. World War II : Before WWII, there were only 4 independent African nations (Egypt,
Ethiopia, Liberia, South Africa). After WWII, more than 50 other African countries became independent.
11. Pan-Africanism: African unity
12. Kwame Nkrumah : became the leader of Ghana after it gained its independence in
1957.
13. Nelson Mandela: was the leader of the black people who tried to overthrow the white government of South Africa. He was imprisoned for 26 years for his actions.
14. Desmond Tutu: Bishop Tutu led nonviolent protests against apartheid .
15. ANC: the African National Congress
17. Africaans: the language of the white people in South Africa ( a mix of Dutch and
African language)

18. Sharpsville Massacre: thousands of blacks met in Sharpesville to demonstrate against the pass laws. The police killed 69 blacks.
19. Soweto Riots: black students protested against learning Africaans. This was a turning point for blacks trying to end apartheid.
20.
F.W. de Klerk: the president of South Africa who legalized ANC and freed
Mandela from prison.
21.
Five Pillars of Islam: 1. Belief in one God
3. Giving alms (charity) to the poor.
2. Pray 5 times a day
4. Fast during the month of Ramadan
5. Hajj: pilgrimage to Mecca (in Saudi Arabia )
22.
Mansa Musa: An African leader who became Moslem and went to Mecca