Bethany Davies, Unit 5
Endocrine Organs
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Bethany Davies, Unit 5
Hormone
Adrenalin
Endocrine Organ
Adrenal glands
Corticosteroids
Adrenal cortex
Insulin
Pancreas
Thyroxin
Thyroid glands
Oestrogen
Ovaries
Progesterone
Ovaries
Testosterone
Testes (Also tiny
amount in ovaries).
Pancreas
Glucagon
Noradrenalin
Adrenal glands (Adrenal
medulla)
Thyroid Stimulating
Hormone
Adrenocorticotropic
Hormone
Prolactin
Pituitary gland
Calitonin
Thyroid gland
Melanocyte Stimulating
Hormone
Pineal gland
Pituitary gland
Pituitary gland
Action of the Hormone
Produces a sudden
burst of energy.
This hormone helps
stress response,
immune response and
regulation of
inflammation,
carbohydrate
metabolism, protein
catabolism, blood
electrolyte levels, and
behavior.
Stimulates cells to use
glucose
Makes energy and
keeps body temperature
regulated.
Stimulates breast
development, helps the
vagina, uterus and
fallopian tubes to
mature and regulates
the menstrual cycle.
Regulates menstrual
cycle.
Promotes muscles and
bone growth.
Raises the level of the
glucose in the blood.
Stress hormone,
increases blood
pressure.
Stimulates the thyroid
gland.
Stimulates the adrenal
cortex.
Stimulates milk for
nursing mothers.
Controls the amount of
calcium circulating in the
blood.
Regulates sleep/wake
patterns.
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Bethany Davies, Unit 5
Pineal
Function of the pineal body/gland is endocrine. This contributes the alertness
or consciousness of one's self and produces "melatonin" which regulates the
sleep/wake patterns. The name derives from its shape.
Parathyroid Gland
The parathyroid glands secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH). The main
function of PTH is to regulate the levels of calcium and phosphate in the
blood.
Adrenal Glands
The adrenal glands are endocrine glands that produce hormones. A hormone
is a chemical messenger. Each hormone influences specific organs or
tissues, thus regulating a certain body process. The adrenal glands are
shaped like a boomerang and located on top of each kidney. The adrenal
glands are about the size of the end of your thumb. The adrenal glands
produce hormones that affect almost every system in your body. When the
adrenal glands fail to work properly, serious diseases and disorders can
develop. One of the hormones that the adrenal glands secrete is called
adrenaline. Adrenaline produces a sudden and remarkable burst of energy.
http://www.mamashealth.com/organs/adrenal.asp
Pituitary Gland
Located at the base of the brain, the pituitary gland secretes hormones which
govern the functions of the other endocrine glands such as the thyroid,
adrenal glands, ovaries and testes in the human body. This gland is again
controlled by the hypothalamus and together they control other endocrine
functions. The gland consists of three sections: the anterior lobe, the
intermediate lobe and the posterior lobe. The functions of each of these
sections make up for the entire pituitary gland function.
Thyroid Gland
The Thyroid is a small butterfly shaped gland, which is located in the lower
front part of the neck. The thyroid’s main job is to produce thyroid hormone
that act like messages and tell specific body parts what to do. Thyroid
hormones help the body make energy, keep body temperature regulated and
assist other organs in their function. The two main hormones the thyroid
produces are thyroxin and triiodothyronine.
http://health.learninginfo.org/function-thyroid-gland.htm
Thymus gland
The main thymus gland function is to produce and process lymphocytes or T
cells (in T cells 'T' stands for thymus derived). Lymphocytes are White Blood
Cells which are also known as leukocytes. After the white blood cells mature,
they leave the thymus gland and get settled in the spleen and the lymph
nodes, where a fresh batch of T cells is produced. These white blood cells are
the body's immunity system and protect the body by producing antibodies that
stop the invasion of foreign agents, bacteria and viruses. These cells also
ensure the proper functioning of the body system and look after the wear and
tear of the organs. The thymus gland produces a hormone called thymosin,
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Bethany Davies, Unit 5
which stimulates the T cells in the other lymphatic organs to mature. This
gland also produces another hormone called thymopoietin, which is protein
present in the mRNA and is encoded by the TMPO gene.
http://www.buzzle.com/articles/thymus-gland-function.html
Pancreas
The function of the pancreas is to secrete hormones that affect the level of
sugar in the blood. The hormones that are produced are; Glucagon which
raises the level of glucose (sugar) in the blood, Insulin which stimulates cells
to use glucose and Somatostatin which regulates the secretion of glucagons
and insulin.
http://www.montana.edu/wwwai/imsd/alcohol/Vanessa/vwpancreas.htm
Ovaries
The most important hormones made by the ovaries are known as female sex
hormones and the two main ones are oestrogen and progesterone. The
ovaries also produce some of the male hormone, testosterone. During
puberty, oestrogen stimulates breast development and causes the vagina,
uterus and Fallopian tubes to mature. It also plays a role in the growth spurt
and alters the distribution of fat on a girl's body, typically resulting in more
being deposited around the hips, buttocks and thighs. Testosterone helps to
promote muscle and bone growth.
From puberty onwards, LH, FSH, oestrogen and progesterone all play a vital
part in regulating a woman's menstrual cycle, which results in her periods.
Each individual hormone follows its own pattern, rising and falling at different
points in the cycle but together they produce a predictable chain of events.
One egg (out of several hundred thousands in each ovary) becomes 'ripe'
(mature) and is released from the ovary to begin its journey down the
Fallopian tube and into the womb. If that egg isn't fertilised, the levels of
oestrogen and progesterone produced by the ovary begin to fall. Without the
supporting action of these hormones, the lining of the womb, which is full of
blood, is shed, resulting in a period.
http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/womenshealth/features/hormone.htm
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