Name:
Bohr-Rutherford diagrams for atoms
Bohr stated that…
• Electrons move around the nucleus in
planets around the Sun.
• The
for an element is the period number.
• The maximum number of electrons in an orbital is
.
, like
Bohr-Rutherford Diagram
• Bohr-Rutherford diagrams represent the arrangement of
in an element.
• In these diagrams, the number of protons and neutrons are written in the
the nucleus of the atom.
• Circles are drawn around the nucleus to represent orbitals, and electrons are
shown in these orbitals
Example of a Bohr-Rutherford diagram:
Lithium (Li)
Atomic Number =
Atomic Mass =
#protons =
# electrons =
# neutrons =
3p
4n
Rules for adding electrons to orbitals
• The first orbital can hold up to
electrons.
• The second and third orbital can hold up to
electrons.
• When filling orbitals with electrons, place the first 4 electrons in a
before pairing.
Example of a Bohr-Rutherford diagram:
Aluminum (Al)
Atomic Number =
Atomic Mass =
#protons =
# electrons =
# neutrons =
13p
14n
Bohr-Rutherford diagrams of the first twenty elements:
•
These electrons in the outer orbital are called
3p
4n
•
Draw the Bohr-Rutherford diagrams of the first TWENTY elements on the chart
provided.