History of Microbiology
I.
What are Microorganisms?
A.
B.
C.
D.
_________________: living organisms (or virus) too small to be seen with the
unaided eye
Includes:
____________________________________________________________
_____________________________ cause illnesses in humans
Many Benefits:
1. ______________________ (dead organic, waste material, some
industrial waste)
2. Phytoplankton – fresh water and oceans
- _____________________________________________
3. _______________________ – change nitrogen to usable form (nitrogen
fixation)
4. Aid in digestive tract , some needed for vitamin synthesis
5. ______________________ – pickles, vinegar, alcohol, bread, yogurt
6. Synthesize ________________________
7. Major tools in _____________________________ (interferon and
growth hormones)
II.
History
A.
1665
_________________________________
1. simple microscope
2. sliced cork
3. “__________________” – small internal
structures
B.
1673-1723
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
(English)
_________________________________ (Dutch merchant)
_____________________________________________________
“animalcules”
studied _______________________________________________
bacteria & protozoa
did not pass his knowledge on
People Becoming Interested in the Origin of Living Things
_______________________________________:
· hotly debated
·
__________________________________________________________________________
C.
1668
__________________________________ (Italian physician)
1. thought he proved Biogenesis (______________________________
__________________________________________________________)
2. Controlled experiment
Control
D.
1745
Variable 1
Variable 2
John Needham (English scientist)
1. thought he proved abiogenesis (spontaneous generation)
2.
3. see experiment with Spallanazni
E.
1765
Lazzaro Spallanzani (Italian Scientist)
1. _________________________________________________________
(Needham)