I
C
H
I
An estimated 10% of in-patients acquire Nosocomial Infections during their stay in hospital, with the rate being directly proportional to the length of stay. Patients in the intensive care and burns/trauma units are at highest risk, with urinary tract infection, pneumonias, surgical wound infection and bloodstream infections accounting for up to
80% of all reported cases. The most commonly implicated pathogens are tabulated below:
URINARY TRACT
(36%)
HOSPITAL INFECTIONS
PNEUMONIA
(17%)
SURGICAL WOUND
(16%)
28% E coli
14% Enterococci
17% P aeruginosa 23% S aureus
10% Enterobacter 13% C -ve staph
13% P aeruginosa 14% S aureus
7% C albicans 6% E coli
10% E coli
9% P aeruginosa
38% Other 6% Klebsiella sp 7% Enterobacter sp
47% Other 38% Other
BLOODSTREAM
(12%)
26% C-ve staph
18% S aureus
7% Enterococci
6% E Coli
43% Other
Opportunistic infections can have a devastating effect on patients who might be immuno-compromised as a result of certain viral diseases such as AIDS, or following administration of immunosuppressive drugs e.g. transplant patients. Barrier nursing of patients with highly contagious infections and those who are most susceptible to infection is therefore crucial in any healthcare setting.
Healthcare Personnel are also at risk from contact with patients with contagious diseases such as hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), both being transmitted via body fluids and blood. Effective vaccines are available for Hepatitis B but extra care needs to be taken to prevent infection by hepatitis C virus and HIV.
Hepatitis A virus is spread by the faecal-oral route and is considered less harmful. Non-symptomatic carriers of pathogens among hospital staff e.g. in the food preparation area, are likely to pass on infections to patients.
Risk Awareness and adoption of appropriate Preventive Hygiene measures such as maintenance of hygienic hospital environment and the use of protective clothing while carrying out invasive procedures should minimise the incidence of nosocomial infections in patients.
Contact with mucous membranes, body fluids or specimens extracted from patients should always be treated as potentially bio-hazardous regardless of diagnostic status. Adequate protection of surgical wounds is an important preventive measure, as is covering of cuts and grazes on caregivers with waterproof dressings. Extra vigilant disinfection or sterilization of surgical and other equipment likely to come into contact with patients and prompt handling of body fluid spillages are also crucial. However, the single most effective control measure identified as having the greatest impact in hospital infection rates is Hand Hygiene. Frequent hand washing and changing of gloves are crucial factors in ensuring patient safety.
Avonchem believes strongly in the Preventive Hygiene Approach and carries a range of QC products to ensure a safer hospital environment for patients, health care providers, and the general public. We offer proven formulations for hand hygiene products, pre-surgical scrubs and skin antiseptics, sterilants and disinfectants for surgical equipment, as well as general-purpose sanitation and disinfection products.
1

Mechanism of action: Cell wall disruption and denaturation of enzymatic proteins
Mechanism of action:
Denaturation of nucleic acids and proteins
A
R
C
BACTERICIDAL
MYCOBACTERICIDAL
FUNGICIDAL
VIRUCIDAL
BACTERICIDAL
FUNGICIDAL
VIRUCIDAL
SPORICIDAL
MYCOBACTERICAL
(Prolonged contact)
o Good tolerance of organic matter o
Incompatible with cationic detergents o Not for use on food preparation surfaces/equipment o Absorbed by rubber and plastics o
Useful for mycobacteria on hard surfaces o Variable activity on non-enveloped viruses o Avoid contact with skin/mucous membrane o Acid solutions have prolonged shelf life o Greater antimicrobial activity under Alkaline conditions o Solutions require activation prior to use o Pre-cleaning recommended for effective sterilization/disinfection: has protein fixative properties o Not inactivated by organic materials o Short exposure (10-20 min) suitable for instrument disinfection o
Suitable for heat labile (non-autoclavable) instruments, plastics, rubber, glass, stainless steel, etc. o Instrument sterilant at 3-10 hours o
Ineffective against CJD o Irritant to skin and respiratory system
Mechanism of action:
Cellular dehydration, membrane disruption & protein coagulation
BACTERICIDAL
FUNGICIDAL
MYCOBACTERICIDAL
VIRUCIDAL
NOT SPORICIDAL o
Neat alcohols ineffective as antimicrobial agents o Ethanol 70%: Kills on contact o Ethanol 90%: Virucidal with greater activity against enveloped viruses (HIV) than nonenveloped (HBV). o Isopropanol: 60-70% is not an effective virucide or mycobactericide o
Can be combined with other anti-microbial compounds for enhanced residual activity & disinfection properties o Fixative properties: Pre-cleaning recommended o Flammable
2

Mechanism of action:
Oxidative degradation of cellular components, cross linking of proteins
Mechanism of action:
Membrane disruption
BACTERICIDAL
All vegetative 50ppm
FUNGICIDAL
VIRUCIDAL
HIV: 2500ppm
HBV, Flu: 3000ppm
MYCOBACTERICIDAL on extended contact
SPORICIDAL against several spores (40-
300ppm)
BACTERICIDAL
Less active on G –ve
VIRUCUDAL
Species dependent
FUNGICIDAL
Species dependent
Not effective against
Pseudomonas, Spores
Mycobacteria
o Powerful, broad spectrum activity of Iodone o Rapid action even at low concentrations:
(bactericidal at 50ppm in <1 min) o Low oral toxicity, safe to use on food preparation surfaces o Low tissue toxicity, useful as skin disinfectant o
Not sporicidal at skin antiseptic strengths o Unaffected by hard water o Retains activity in presence of organic matter at pH < 4 o
Potentially corrosive to some metals e.g. aluminium o Strong Residual Activity o
Low toxicity and irritancy o Inactivated by organic matter, soap and anionic detergents o Useful for skin and mucous membrane disinfection o Neurotoxic: avoid contact with middle ear, brain meninges o May cause corneal damage o
Used in aqueous or alcoholic solutions
Mechanism of action: disruption of protein organisation and cell membranes
BACTERICIDAL
FUNGICIDAL
VIRUCIDAL
Species dependent
Not effective against
Pseudomonas, Spores or
Mycobacteria o Low toxicity and non irritant at use dilutions o New Formulations have Virucidal activity against enveloped varieties o Possess detergency- do not use with soaps o Effective at very low concentrations o Non toxic – safe for use around patients o
Non tainting – useful for food preparation areas
PRECAUTIONS:
Before use, the compatibility of disinfectants with materials and equipment to be disinfected should be considered.
Disinfectants should be used according to manufacturers instructions, at the recommended strength and exposure times. They should not be mixed with other chemicals or soaps as this can result in deactivation or release of harmful vapours. It should be remembered that all disinfectants are inherently toxic and contact with eyes, skin and mucous membranes should be avoided. Gloves, eye protection and a plastic apron should be used for handling concentrates and disinfectants which can be corrosive, irritant or result in skin sensitisation on repetitive use.
Disinfectants should not be exposed to extreme temperatures and should be stored at ambient temperatures under well-ventilated conditions. Disinfectants should not be returned to the stock container and should be discarded by the expiry date.
3


Product Conforms To British Pharmacopoeia

Residual Anti-Microbial Activity

Forms Dense White Emulsion On Dilution
 Stable between 0ºC and 40ºC
APPLICATION(S):
A Hospital skin antiseptic for use in areas such as First Aid, Midwifery, Bathing and General Hospital disinfection. Not recommended for use on surfaces where food is prepared or served
ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY:
CHLOROXYLENOL passes European (BS EN1276) quantitative suspension test for the evaluation of bactericidal activity of Chemical Disinfectants and Antiseptics used in Food, Industrial, Domestic and
Institutional areas.
CHLOROXYLENOL can achieve a reduction in bacterial load from 1,000,000 to <10 cells with only 1 min exposure in every one of 5 different problematic bacterial strains. Stringent test conditions (20ºC, hard water and high level of organic contamination) apply.
CHLOROXYLENOL passes European (BSEN 1499) test for the evaluation of bactericidal activity of pre-operative Surgical scrubs and Antiseptics used in
Hospital, Community medical facilities and in Dental institutions.
CHLOROXYLENOL passes BS 541
SPECIFICATION:
Composition
Appearance
Colour
Odour
Density pH Value
:
:
:
:
:
:
A blend of 5% PCMX in Terpineol
Clear liquid
Pale straw
Characteristic Phenol
1.00g/mL
10.5 (+/-1.0)
4


Unparallelled Effectiveness Against Mixed Infections

Rapid Action Skin Antiseptic – Kills On Contact

Bactericidal Against Both Gram-Positive & Gram-Negative Bacteria

Proven Activity Against Spores

Powerful Virucidal Action Including Against Hiv

Also Effective Against Fungi, Yeasts, Protozoa, Nematodes & Insects

Effective Against Antibiotic-Resistant Strains

Complete Protection - No Known Iodine-Resistant Organisms

Prolonged Effect - Forms Protective Film Over Area Of Application

Activity Retained In The Presence Of Blood & Pus

Major Advantages Over Classical Iodine Tinctures:

No Stinging Or Skin Irritation When Applied To Wounds

Safe To Use With Bandaging Without Interference With Wound
Healing

Markedly Reduced Systemic Toxicity

Water Soluble - Good Rinseability Without Long-Term Staining Or

Sensitisation Of Skin Ease Of Application To Achieve Total Surface Saturation
APPLICATION(S):
Apply undiluted as paint or wet dressing as often as required for all areas of human and veterinary medicine.

Pre-surgical skin preparation

Post-surgery wound protection

Skin disinfection prior to any invasive procedure

Rinsing and protection of wounds, burns, incisions and ulcers

First Aid and Emergency - Suitable for use with bandaging
ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY:
Passes European (BS EN 1276) quantitative suspension test for the evaluation of bactericidal activity of Chemical Disinfectants and Antiseptics used in Food,
Industrial, Domestic and Institutional areas.
Passes European (BS EN 1499) test for the evaluation of bactericidal activity of pre-operative Surgical scrubs and Antiseptics used in Hospital, Community
Medical facilities and in Dental institutions.
SPECIFICATION:
Composition
Appearance
Odour
Density pH Value
:
:
:
:
:
10% PVP-Iodine based product (1% available Iodine)
Dark Brown Liquid
Mild, Characteristic
1.07g/mL
5 to 6
5


Designed For Pre-Operative & Post-Operative Skin Antisepsis

Safe To Use; Non-Corrosive, Non-Irritant

Versatile: Use Direct On Skin, Cuts & Grazes

Product Combines Powerful Residual Activity Bactericides With
Safe Action
APPLICATION(S):
Skin Antiseptic for use in all Health care establishments in areas such as
Obstetrics, Gynecology, Urology, Midwifery, Pre-Surgical Bathing, etc.
ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY:
Passes European (BS EN1276) quantitative suspension test for the evaluation of bactericidal activity of Chemical Disinfectants and Antiseptics used in Food, Industrial, Domestic and
Institutional areas AT A DILUTION OF
1:700. At this dilution, the bacterial load can be reduced from 1,000,000 to
<10 cells with only 5 min exposure for every one of 5 different problematic bacterial strains. Stringent test conditions (hard water and high level of organic contamination) apply.
Passes European (BS EN 1499) test for the evaluation of bactericidal activity of pre-operative Surgical scrubs and Antiseptics used in Hospital,
Community medical facilities and in Dental institutions.
Passes BS EN 6471 test at a dilution of 1:700.
SPECIFICATION:
Composition
Appearance
Colour
Odour
Density pH value
:
:
:
:
:
: A blend of Chlorhexidine Gluconate BP (1.5%),
Cetrimide BP (15%), Neutral Detergents, Antiseptic
Grade Aromatic Oils & Dyestuffs
Clear Liquid
Orange
Characteristic
1.00g/mL
5.0 to 6.0
6

APPLICATION

Swabbing in Obstetrics,
Gynaecology and Urology

Washing and Management of
Burns and Wounds

Storage of Thermometers and Sterile
Instruments

.Cleaning, Disinfection and Storage of
Metal Instruments(30 min Immersion)

Routine Disinfection
Cleansing And Disinfection Of:

Dirty / Septic Wounds and Burns

Thermometers and Semi-critical
Instruments

Contaminated Equipment (Rubber
Catheters).

General Purpose Disinfection

Pre-Operative Skin Disinfection

Emergency Disinfection of Hands

Emergency Disinfection of Clean
Instruments (2 min Immersion)
DILUTION INSTRUCTIONS
1:100 AQUEOUS SOLUTION
MAKE UP 10 ML HEXOL UP TO 1LTR WITH
STERILE WATER
1:30 AQUEOUS SOLUTION
MAKE UP 35 ML HEXOL UP TO 1LTR
STERILE WATER
1:30 ALCOHOLIC SOLUTION
MAKE UP 10ML HEXOL WITH 300ML 70%
ETHANOL
PRECAUTIONS:

For external use only: never inject or administer internally

Avoid contact of solutions with brain, meninges, eyes and middle ear

Keep out of the reach of children: if swallowed treat symptomatically with gastric lavage using milk

Discontinue use in case of skin reaction

Store at room temperature
7

Based on 5% Chlorhexidine Digluconate BP and Detergents for Effective Removal Of Superficial Dirt And
Dermatophytic Organisms. Product combines powerful biocidal activity with safe action.
Versatile formulation for use in Hospitals, Nursing Homes, First Aid, Midwifery, Bathing & Personal Hygiene.

Cleansing & Antisepsis Of Surgical & Other Wounds

Cleansing & Antisepsis Of Burns

Swabbing In Obstetrics, Gynaecology & Urology

Cleansing & Disinfection Of Equipment & Instruments

Storage Of Thermometers & Sterile Instruments

Pre-Operative Skin Disinfection; Area of Incision Site or Whole Body

Personal Hygiene & Bathing
Passes European (BS EN 1499) test for the evaluation of bactericidal activity of pre-operative Surgical scrubs and
Antiseptics used in Hospital, Community medical facilities and in Dental institutions.
SPECIFICATIONS
8

APPLICATION

Swabbing in Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Urology

Disinfection and Cleansing of Burns

Storage of Thermometers and Sterile
Instruments
*Solutions should not come into contact with brain, meninges or middle ear.
DILUTION INSTRUCTIONS
1:100 AQUEOUS (0.05% W/V ACTIVE)
MAKE UP 10 ML DISINFEX UP TO 1 L
WITH STERILE WATER
*Solutions must be autoclaved before use on wounds, burns and broken skin.
Cleansing And Disinfection Of:

Endoscopes

Catheters

Rubber Appliances

Thermometers

Other Equipment
*Immerse materials to be disinfected for
30 min. Thoroughly rinse instruments in sterile water using aseptic procedures before use in patients.

Pre-Operative Skin Disinfection

Emergency Disinfection of Hands

Emergency Disinfection of Clean
Instruments (2 min Immersion)
*Solutions should not come into contact with brain, meninges or middle ear.
PRECAUTIONS:
1:10 AQUEOUS (0.5% W/V ACTIVE)
MAKE UP 10 ML DISINFEX WITH 100 ML
STERILE WATER
1:10 ALCOHOL (0.5% W/V ACTIVE)
MAKE UP 10 ML DISINFEX WITH 100 ML
70% ETHANOL

For external use only: Never inject or administer internally.

Avoid contact of solutions with brain, meninges, eyes and middle ear.

Keep out of the reach of children: if swallowed treat symptomatically with gastric lavage using milk.

Discontinue use in case of skin reaction

Store at room temperature
9

INFECTION CONTROL & HAND WASHING
Infections acquired by patients during their stay in hospital are termed ‘Nosocomial Infections’ and rank among the top ten causes of death, along with cancer and heart disease, and are responsible for more deaths than car accidents. Annual costs associated with corrective action for such infections amounts to $825 million in the US alone.
HAND HYGIENE has been identified as a major causative factor in the spread of hospital infections. Lack of compliance in hand washing greatly compromises both patient and worker safety in hospitals. Epidemiological studies in Europe and USA show that medical staff washed their hands only 28-40 times out of the 100 times they were required to by hospital infection control programs. Being on the front line of patient care and more directly involved in patient handling, nurses tended to be more compliant and have a greater awareness of potential routes of transmission of infections than doctors.
The microbial flora of the skin consists of both resident and transient organisms, mainly bacteria, yeasts and fungi. Hand washing is the single most critical factor that can reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections. The purpose of hand washing is to remove superficial dirt and organisms acquired from touching contaminated surfaces. Soap and water can significantly reduce the microbial load on the skin. The CDC (Centre for Disease
Control and Prevention) Guidelines for ‘Hand washing and Hospital Environmental Control ’ recommend a
“vigorous rubbing together of all surfaces of lathered hands for at least 10 seconds, before rinsing under a stream of water”.
Once soiling is removed, hands can be kept decontaminated using different anti-microbial formulations designed for hospital use. To prevent proliferation of resident organisms, termed dermatophytes, an antibacterial soap is necessary, preferably containing antimicrobial compounds that bind to the skin and offer longer term residual protection.
AWARENESS OF HIGH RISK SITUATIONS
Hand Hygiene is just one aspect of Hospital Infection Control Program where constant Risk Awareness and adoption of appropriate Preventive Hygiene measures are crucial. Maintenance of a hygienic hospital environment, the use of protective clothing while carrying out invasive procedures, disinfection or sterilization of surgical and other equipment, prompt handling of body fluid spillages, disposal of biohazardous matter are all critical in minimising the incidence of nosocomial infections in patients.
Professional healthcare workers have the greatest responsibility of all to protect their own health as well as that of the patients. As hands are a direct link to the spread of pathogenic micro-organisms, compliance with hospital rules on frequency and technique for hand washing should be followed. It is important to identify the risk associated with various hospital conditions and procedures carried out by health care workers and to keep in mind that the consequences of failure to follow hand hygiene recommendations can put the life of patients at risk.
10

Hand washing must always be carried out under the following conditions:

Before performing invasive procedures (e.g. insertions of cannulae or catheters)

Between patients regardless of whether patient is known to be infected

When caring for patient groups who are highly susceptible to infection such as immuno-compromised patients, the
 elderly, newborn, and patients in burns and intensive care units.

Before and after touching wounds (surgical, traumatic or skin puncture wounds) and dressings.

After contact with mucous membranes, blood or any other body fluids or secretions.
After touching surfaces likely to be contaminated, eg. urine and secretion collection devices.
The frequency of hand washing should be determined according to:

Intensity of contact with patients – this is likely to be highest for nursing staff.

Susceptibility of patients to infection

Degree of contamination that is likely to occur with contact
Intact skin provides the greatest protection against transmission of infection. Frequent hand washing can lead to skin dehydration, and cracking of the skin, and potentially to weeping dermatitis. Damaged hands can not only endanger patient health, but also place the care-giver at serious risk of becoming infected by the countless microorganisms found in the hospital environment. Hospital anti-microbial soaps are formulated to include skin care products such as emollients, which help to improve compliance with hospital hand washing rules.
Recommendations to Hospital Management to improve compliance are to ensure:

Provision of adequate facilities for hand washing i.e. enough conveniently located sinks and taps (sinks should be available in/ just outside every patient room)

Purchase of effective and end-user friendly hand wash products

Establishment of procedures and guidelines for hand washing

Provision of regular educational seminars emphasising risk awareness and identification of risk

Potential and the importance of hand washing
GLOVING: The CDC has stressed that gloving does NOT replace hand washing.
It is important to wash hands even in the absence of external contamination, eg. after removing gloves as micro-organisms on the hands proliferate rapidly inside the warm, moist environment of the glove. Failure to change gloves between patient contact is a serious infection hazard. Gloves must be changed frequently as they offer little protection as they become more porous during use. Leakage rates are higher for viruses than bacteria, rising to more than 50% as gloves are stressed during use.
(Korniewicz D. 1989, Leakage of virus through stressed vinyl and latex examination gloves. Fifth International
Conference on AIDS).
11

MEDHAND: A MEDICATED HOSPITAL HANDSOAP
AVONCHEM recommend a Medicated Hospital Handsoap, MEDHAND for decontamination of hands to break the cycle of infection. MEDHAND is based on dual antimicrobials with residual activity for long term protection and control of microbial proliferation especially during use of gloves. A good quality handsoap improves compliance; MEDHAND has good detergency, and is pleasant to use, leaving a fresh clean scent,. It is specially formulated with emollients to protect the skin from drying out during frequent-use. MEDHAND is also suitable for use in food preparation, laboratories and other critical areas within hospitals.
ALCOHEXIDINE: AN ALCOHOL BASED HANDRUB
Alcohol-based hand rubs are very convenient to use on the ward, and offer a highly effective option for rapid hand decontamination in the absence of gross soiling. They are ideal for use between caring for different patients or between performing different procedures on the same patient.. Combining alcohols with anti-microbial compounds possessing residual activity offer the ultimate hand treatment with both short and long term protection. In this category,
In this category, AVONCHEM offers ALCOHEXIDINE, a well-known preparation containing Chlorhexidine
Gluconate, an anti-microbial with a long history of hospital use. Inclusion of emollients in ALCOHEXIDINE prevents skin dehydration during frequent use, and increases the contact time by reducing alcohol volatility. Such preparations are quick, effective and convenient to use, and are being increasingly recommended for routine use in healthcare, veterinary and research institutions.
12


Contains Antimicrobials PCMX & 2-Phenoxyethanol

Particularly Effective Against Dermatophytic Disease Causing Bacteria & Fungi

Formulated With Emolients For Frequent Use

Good Detergency For Removal Of Biological Soilage
APPLICATION(S) :
A hospital grade medicated liquid soap for use in any application where hand hygiene is of crucial importance:

Specially formulated for patient care in Hospital wards

Safeguarding health of sensitive, elderly and immuno-suppressed patients

All Surgeries and First Aid Centres

Prevention of cross infection in all Healthcare Institutions

Daycare and Long-term Residential care Institutions

Research Laboratories handling biohazardous human specimens and microbes

Large scale food handling and catering areas

Food processing and packaging plants areas
ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY:
Passes European (BS EN1276) quantitative suspension test for the evaluation of bactericidal activity of Chemical Disinfectants and Antiseptics used in Food,
Industrial, Domestic and Institutional areas.
Passes European (BS EN1499) test for the evaluation of bactericidal activity of pre-operative Surgical scrubs and Antiseptics used in Hospital, Community medical facilities, and in Dental institutions.
SPECIFICATION:
Composition
Appearance
Colour
Odour
Density pH Value
: A blend of PCMX, 2 Phenoxyethanol, Detergents,
Emollients, Dyes & Perfumes
: Opaque liquid
: Pink
: Slight citrus
: 1.02g/mL
: 10.0 to 10.5
13

RAPID AND CONVENIENT HAND DECONTAMINATION FOR:

No Washing & Drying Facilities Necessary

Prevention Of Cross Infection Between Patients On A Ward

Avoid Transfer Of Infectious Organisms Between Staff & Patients

Minimise Endogenous Transfer Of Pathogens From One Site To Another On The Same
Patient

Performance Of Aseptic Techniques

Tasks That Might Constitute A Potential Biohazard

Routine Extraction Or Handling Of Biological Specimens eg. In Pathology, Biomedical Research Laboratories, Microbiology Laboratories, Clinics

Skin Disinfection For Any Procedure Involving Puncturing The Skin, eg. Vaccination,
Injection, Blood Extraction, Insertion Of Cannulae,

Emergency Disinfection Of Semi-Critical & Non-Critical Instruments

Hard Surface Decontamination
APPLICATION(S) :
Suitable for decontamination of hands, skin, instruments and working surfaces. combines the unparallelled rapid broad spectrum anti-microbial action of Alcohol with the potent residual activity of Chlorhexidine digluconate, providing full protection against common hospital pathogens and viruses (HIV,
Hepatitis B, Herpes).
DIRECTIONS FOR USE:
Hands and surfaces should be relatively free from organic soilage for full effectiveness.
Skin: Spray onto hands, rub together to cover all surfaces and allow to dry.
Surfaces and instruments: Just spray and wipe. Check material compatibility, especially with plastics and rubber.
*Flammable – avoid use near open flames
ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY: passes when tested in accordance with British & European Standards:
 BS EN1276: Quantitative suspension test for the evaluation of BACTERICIDAL activity of
Chemical Disinfectants and Antiseptics used in Food, Industrial, Domestic and Institutional areas.
Can achieve a reduction in bacterial load from 1,000,000 to <10 cells with only 1 min exposure in every one of 5 different problematic bacterial strains. Stringent test conditions (20ºC, hard water and high level of organic contamination) apply.
 BS EN1499: Evaluation of bactericidal activity of pre-operative SURGICAL SCRUBS &
ANTISEPTICS used in Hospitals, Clinics and Dental institutions.
 BS EN14204: MYCOBACTERICIDAL activity
 BS EN 1276: Effectiveness against MRSA
SPECIFICATION:
Composition
Appearance
:
:
0.5% Chlorohexidine Gluconate in 70% Alcohol
Clear Red Solution
14


Broad Spectrum Antiseptic, Particularly Effective Against Bacteria & Fungi

Suitable For Pre- And Post- Operative Skin Antisepsis

Ideal For Routine Hand Washing & Equipment Disinfection Where Infection Control Is
Of Critical Importance

Excellent Detergency Properties Without The Risk Of Skin Irritation Associated With
Harsher Detergents

Excellent Foaming Characteristics With Good Rinseability
APPLICATION(S) :
A skin friendly antiseptic surgical scrub for pre-surgical antisepsis of hands and skin at the incision site. Suitable for use in a wide variety of veterinary and healthcare applications where hygiene is of paramount importance.
ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY:
Passes European (BS EN1276) quantitative suspension test for the evaluation of bactericidal activity of Chemical
Disinfectants and Antiseptics used in Food,
Industrial, Domestic and Institutional areas.
Passes European (BS EN 1499) test for the evaluation of bactericidal activity of pre-operative Surgical scrubs and
Antiseptics used in Hospital, Community medical facilities and in Dental institutions.
Demonstrates MYCOBACTERICIDAL activity when tested in accordance with BS EN14204.
Demonstrates efficacy against MRSA when tested in accordance with BS EN1276
SPECIFICATION:
Composition
Appearance
Colour
Odour
Density
Viscosity pH
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
A blend of 4% Chlorhexidine Gluconate in a 15%
Amine Oxide Base
Viscous Liquid
Pale Straw or Red
Slight Citrus
0.997g/mL
25s Flow Cup 3
5.5 to 6.5
15

APPLICATION(S) :
May be used for pre-operative hand disinfection by a surgical team or for disinfecting the site of incision prior to surgery. It can also be used for decontamination of hospital instruments.
DIRECTIONS FOR USE:
(a) Pre-operative hand disinfection
After wetting the hands and arms with water, apply 3.5ml of IODOSCRUB and rub thoroughly onto skin and interdigital areas. A brush may be used to scrub nails.
Add a little water to develop a lather and rinse off with running water following 4-5 minute contact time.
(b) Skin disinfection prior to surgery
Wash the site of incision with IODOSCRUB (Surgical Scrub) two or three times a day for at least 2 days prior to the operation. Immediately before surgery, moisten the skin with water. Apply IODOSCRUB and rub thoroughly into the the areas for several minutes. Use a sterile gauze swab to develop a lather and rinse off with sterile water.
*Only water should be used for dilution
ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY:
Passes European (BS EN1276) quantitative suspension test for the evaluation of bactericidal activity of Chemical Disinfectants and Antiseptics used in Food,
Industrial, Domestic and Institutional areas.
Passes European (BS EN 1499) test for the evaluation of bactericidal activity of pre-operative Surgical scrubs and Antiseptics used in Hospital, Community medical facilities and in dental institutions.
SPECIFICATIONS:
Composition
Appearance
Odour
Density pH Value
:
:
:
:
:
7.5% PVP-Iodine Content (0.75% available Iodine)
Reddish Brown Liquid
Characteristic
1.07g/mL
5 to 6
16

RAPID AND CONVENIENT SOLUTION FOR:










APPLICATION
Rapid microbial decontamination of hands skin, equipment and surfaces.
Alco Gel offers the unparalleled, broad spectrum anti-microbial action of alcohol. Provides rapid kill of common pathogenic viruses such as HIV, Hepatitis B and Herpes.
Hands and surfaces should be relatively free from organic soilage for full effectiveness.
Apply onto hands, rubbing together to ensure all surfaces are covered, and allow to dry.
* Flammable – avoid use near open flames
SPECIFICATION
Composition:
Appearance:
Pack Size:
Density:
70% Alcohol
Clear Gel
25kg, 200kg, 1000kg
0.93
17

Sanitisation refers to gross removal of visible grime and micro- organsims it harbours. This can remove the majority of the microbial load from surfaces, eg. instruments, hospital work surfaces, furniture, etc, and is an essential prerequisite to any disinfection or sterilisation procedure.
Disinfection is a process that destroys vegetative micro-organisms such as Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria, mycobacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa by impairing their structure and metabolism. Bacterial metabolism differs sufficiently from humans to allow selectivity in antibacterial therapy; ‘bactericidal’ refers to killing of the bacterial cell, bacteriostasis can occur where the growth/reproduction mechanism of the bacteria is impaired. This usually occurs at very low concentrations of antibacterial agents. Disinfectants tend to have a broader range of activity than antibiotics, which are required to have greater selectivity and safety as they are generally administered internally/applied topically.
Antisepsis refers to decontamination of skin or living tissues and necessitates the use of milder, less toxic, and non-irritant formulations, preferably with a residual effect to prevent proliferation of microbes generally resident on human skin.
Sterilisation is the highest level of antimicrobial treatment, destroying all vegetative forms of microbial life including bacterial spores. It is a requirement for all critical category instruments, ie. those used for highly invasive procedures or those that punctures the skin thereby coming into contact with body fluids in vivo.
Instruments that come into contact with intact mucous membranes are in the semi-critical category.
Re-useable surgical instruments should be immersed in warm water containing proteolytic cleaning agents as soon as practicable. To avoid handling of sharps, ultra-sonic or automatic cleaning is recommended followed by adequate rinsing to remove all traces of contamination and detergents prior to disinfection.
Cleaning alone can result in a 5-log or more reduction in microbial contamination and this will generally suffice for instruments that are in contact with non-critical sites (intact skin).
Instruments likely to come into contact with intact mucous membranes or broken skin (semi-critical sites) require pre-cleaning and disinfection, whereas surgical instruments are required to be sterilised under sporicidal conditions if they are to come into contact with sterile tissue, body cavity or bloodstream (critical sites).
18

POWERFUL DUAL ACTION CLEANER INCORPORATING:

A Non-Ionic & Anionic Surfactant Blend To Dislodge
Proteinaceous & Fatty Deposits

Enzymatic Cleaners For Rapid Digestion Of Biological Matter
To Prevent Re-Deposition
APPLICATION(S) :
Recommended for cleaning of surgical instruments, anaesthesia equipment and all receptacles contaminated with biohazardous materials. Suitable for use in washing machines and low level ultrasonic equipment.

Safe For Use On Stainless Steel, Metals, Glass & Plastics

Effective On Dried-On Deposits Of Blood And Body Fluids

Ideal For Pre-Cleaning Of Soiled Equipment In Preparation For Disinfection And Sterilisation

Environmental Friendly – Readily Biodegradable Components
DIRECTIONS FOR USE:
For most effective cleaning, soak surgical and other equipment in KLENZYME as soon as possible after use.
Remove instruments and place into machine or a low-level sonicator whenever practical.
Use at a concentration of 3-7ml/L depending upon level of soilage.
Effective over 2560°C temperature range.The optimally effective temperature is 60°C.
Disinfect instruments and equipment as necessary.
SPECIFICATIONS:
Composition
Form
: Enzymes in anionic & non-ionic surfactants
: Blue, Pale Straw
Odour
Density @ 20°C
: Slight Citrus
: 1.1g/mL pH @ 20°C (0.5 soln): 8.0
( ±1)
Viscosity : <5mPas
Miscibility : Miscible with water in all proportions
19

Properties: Equivalent activity in water and alcohol. Aqueous solutions are acidified for prolonged stability (2 years when stored in a cool place). Alkaline solutions (pH 7.5-8) have lower stability of 2-4 weeks but display optimal microbicidal activity.
Usage: A 2% alkaline solution buffered to pH 7.5-8.5 is routinely used for sterilisation of endoscopic instruments, thermometers, rubber or plastic equipment and for equipment that can not be heat sterilised. It is highly recommended that instruments to be sterilised using Glutaraldehyde are precleaned (preferably using ultra-sonication) so that they are visibly free of organic contamination. The protein fixative activity of
Glutaraldehyde can hinder its penetration of proteinaceous deposits on instruments, hence reduce its sterilising capacity. Although the activity of Glutaraldehyde is reported to be unaffected by the presence of up to 10% of serum, solutions tend to lose microbicidal activity in the presence of organic matter.
Precautions: Glutaraldehyde is less irritating to skin and mucous membranes than formaldehyde, but it may cause dermatitis and sensitisation in some people. Gloves and eye protection must be used when handling any solutions of Glutaraldehyde.
Microbicidal Activity: Standard 2% Glutaraldehyde is much more effective at pH8 than at pH4 and potency increases with temperature. Activated solutions lose half their activity against N. anthracis spores in a month. Alkaline Glutaraldehyde was as active in 70% v/v isopropyl alcohol as in water.
Bacteria: 2% Glutaraldehyde is a highly potent broad-spectrum disinfectant, with equivalent activity against all vegetative forms of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Anti-bactericidal activity is rapid with complete kill of E coli, P aeruginosa, Serratia marascens, Proteus vulgaris, and Klebsiella pneumoniae in <1 min .
A 0.05% alkaline solution was also rapidly bacteridical against both Gram negative and Gram positive. Activity is retained in the presence of high levels of organic contamination; 1% and 2% solutions were not appreciably affected by the presence of 10% serum or 2.5% yeast. Glutaraldehyde is sporicidal against spores of both genera, Bacillus and Clostridium. Rapid destruction of spores of Bacillus anthraces and Clostridium tetani was achieved using a 1% solution, which showed greater activity than 4% formaldehyde. G-ve bacterial spores Clostridium perfringens and C tetanii were destroyed in <3 hrs.
Mycobacterial: R esistance is intermediate between vegetative bacteria and spores and highly strain dependent with rapidly growing strains (M marinum, M. fortuitum) succumbing more readily. Recent studies show that exposures of 30 minutes are necessary to achieve 4-log reduction using 2% Glutaraldehyde with most laboratory mycobacterial strains.
Fungi: A 1% solution of Glutaraldehyde was fungicidal to 17 species of fungi, including 3 yeasts known to cause nail infections. It was also effective against Trichophyton interdigitale, but less effective against
Aspergillus niger.
Viruses: Enveloped (lipophilic) viruses are more susceptible to Glutaraldehyde than the non-enveloped
(hydrophilic) ones, requiring only 1 minute for inactivation at ~0.2%. Virucidal activity is proven against coxsackie B1, HIV 1, Herpes simplex, yellow fever, influenza.
20

APPLICATION(S) :
Routine sterilisation of all heat-labile critical and semi-critical medical instruments and equipment in all Health care, Residential care and Veterinary
Institutions and Laboratories

Broad spectrum biocide highly effective against Bacteria, Viruses,
Fungi and Spores

Suited for use in Hospitals, Nursing Homes and Veterinary Establishments

Stable in the presence of organic soiling
DIRECTIONS:
2% GLUTARALDEHYDE SOLUTION, is supplied in an activated state, along with a small sachet of activating compound in powder form.
Activation should only take place directly prior to use.
Add all the activator provided to the container and shake well. The solution contains an activation indicator which changes colour from YELLOW to BLUE and is ready to use. The activated solution can be used and reused for up to
28 days following activation and must then be discarded.
STORAGE AND STABILITY:
To ensure the best possible shelf life, 2% GLUTARALDEHYDE SOLUTION should be stored below 20 ° C and in its unactivated state.
Stability under these conditions is 2 years post-manufacturing date.
SPECIFICATIONS:
Active Content
Colour pH (2%)
:
:
:
2% Glutaraldehyde
Pale Yellow Solution
3 (+/- 1)
21

1. ACTIVATION
The solution is supplied in an UNACTIVATED state, with a sachet of activating compound in powder form. Add all the activator provided to the container and shake well. The solution should change colour from YELLOW to BLUE and is ready for use for up to 30 days following activation.
Activated solutions must be discarded after 30 days following activation, or should they become grossly contaminated with organic matter or diluted during use.
2.
PRE-CLEANING
Removal of all visible organic soiling, preferably with ultrasonication, is an essential prerequisite to disinfection/sterilisation procedure. Avonhem offer an enzyme based detergent for removal of proteinaceous and fatty deposits from surfaces.
3.
IMMERSION STERILISATION
Immerse clean instruments in the solution. The solution must have full penetration and contact with contaminated surfaces for the entire duration of the recommended immersion time. (10 hours for sterilisation).
4. IMMERSION DISINFECTION
Recommended immersion times for disinfection using activated solution
MICRO-ORS
VEGETATIVE BACTERIA Pseudomonas, Salmonella,
Staphylococcus
10 min
LIPID VIRUSES Herpes simplex, Cytomegalovirus, Hepatitis B Virus,
Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
PATHOGENIC FUNGI Cryptococcus sp., Candida sp.
NON LIPID VIRUSES Polio, rhinovirus
MYCOBACTERIA Mycobacterium tuberculosis var. bovis.
SPORES B. Subtilis, Cl. Sporogenes
10 min
10 min
30 min
1 hr
10 hrs
These times are adequate for clean instruments, but longer immersion times are recommended in the presence of organic contamination. The activity is unaffected by the presence of up to 20% serum.
However, should gross organic contamination of the solution take place, a fresh solution should be prepared.
*Ultrasonication
Ultrasonication during immersion in the presence of 2% Glutaraldehyde solutions has been shown to be highly synergistic for microbicidal activity. If under any circumstances, sonication should be necessary during sterilisation/disinfection process, this must be carried out in a fume cupboard, with the sonicator cover securely in place.
5. RINSING
After immersion, instruments should be aseptically rinsed using sterile distilled water.
PRECAUTIONS:
Glutaraldehyde is less irritating to skin and mucous membranes than formaldehyde but it may cause dermatitis and sensitisation in some people. Avoid contact with eyes and repeated contact with skin. To minimise inhalation of vapours, store in sealed containers, and use in well ventilation areas.
Do not mix with other disinfectants or cleaning reagents. Use of 2% Glutaraldehyde is not recommended for large surface areas such as floors and walls.
22


Powerful Infection Control Tool for Combating Nosocomial Infections in Hospital/Healthcare
Institutions

Broad-Spectrum Biocide Combination: Effective Against Disease Causing Bacteria, Enveloped
Viruses (HIV, HBV), Fungi & Yeasts

Excellent Soil Tolerance & Dirt Dissolution Properties

Economical In Use: 1:100 General Use Dilution in Water

Non-Toxic, Non-Irritant, Non-Corrosive At Use Dilution

Suitable for use on all surfaces: metal, wood, glass, plastics, rubber, polymer

Cleans and protects any hard surface without abrasion, bleaching, smell or taint

Safe to use around Patients: No Release Of Vapours, Fumes Or Odours That Aggravate The
Respiratory System

Effective Over A Wide Temperature Range

Maximum potency when diluted in 70% v/v Alcohols (IPA)
APPLICATION(S):
This is a highly effective, odour-free, non-staining, non-tainting Detergent Sanitiser for the cleaning and disinfecting of all hard surfaces as part of a regular cleaning and infection control program:

Routine sanitisation of all hard surfaces in hospitals wards and bathrooms

Regular spray cleaning and disinfection of patient bedside surfaces

Alcohol Solution is ideal for terminal disinfection in critical rooms/ward before new patient admission.

Safe for sanitation of surfaces in hospital food preparation areas
DIRECTIONS FOR USE:
Cleaning-Sanitisation: Use at a dilution of 1:100 for decontamination of patient bedside furniture, during patient changeover and routine mopping of floors.
Alcoholic solutions: Quats in 70% v/v Alcohol give a particularly powerful synergistic combination for hospital disinfection. Ideal (1:100) for aerial spraying and spray cleaning during patient changeover in ward beds/critical wards. Alcoholic solutions are flammable and not to be used around flames or very hot surfaces.
Precleaning: To dislodge particularly heavy soiling e.g. on floors, apply (~10ml per Litre of water), leave to soak for 5-10 minutes before scrubbing to remove all gross organic matter. Apply final rinse with fresh solution.
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF VIRUCIDE 100
Passes British & European Test Standards BS EN 1276, EN 1657 & EN 14204
Proven effectiveness at Use Dilution against the Hardiest Hospital Pathogens in the Healthcare Environment:
MRSA, HBV (Hepatitis B), TB (Mycobacteria), Gastointestinal bacteria (Salmonella, Listeria, Shigella) and
Fungi (Candida, Aspergillus).
SPECIFICATION:
Composition :
Appearance
Odour
Density pH value
:
:
:
:
Potent blend of highly active Quaternary Ammonium Compounds & Non-
Ionic Surfactants
Colourless Liquid
Odour-free
1.00g/mL
9.5
23


Contains A Broad-Spectrum Biocide, Effective Against Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi, Algae,
Yeast & Mould

No Release Of Vapours, Fumes Or Odours That Aggravate The Respiratory System

Excellent Soil Tolerance & Dirt Dissolution Properties

Economical In Use: 1:160 General Use Dilution On Clean Surfaces

Completely Miscible In Water & Effective In Both Hard & Soft Water

Effective Over A Wide Temperature Range

Non-Toxic, Non-Irritant, Non-Corrosive At Use Dilution
APPLICATION(S):
This is a highly effective, odour-free, non-staining, non-tainting Detergent
Sanitiser for the cleaning and disinfecting of all hard surfaces as part of a regular cleaning and infection control program.

Cleans and protects any hard surface without abrasion, bleaching, smell or taint

Suitable for use on all surfaces: metal, wood, glass, plastics, rubber, polymer

Routine cleaning and disinfection of walls and floors

May be used as a disinfecting pre-wash for Hospital laundry soiled with biological matter

Suitable for aerial disinfection in critical rooms

Safe for sanitation of surfaces in food preparation areas
DIRECTIONS FOR USE:
Precleaning: To dislodge heavy soiling, apply at 1+50 and leave to soak for 10 minutes. Scrub to remove all gross organic matter from surfaces and rinse down surfaces.
Disinfection: Use at a dilution of 1:160 (~30ml in 5L of water) for mopping floors and cleaning of walls. Walls may be rinsed with water after allowing 2-3 minute contact time.
SPECIFICATION:
Composition
Appearance
Colour
Odour
Density pH value
:
:
:
:
:
: A complex blend of highly active Quaternary
Ammonium Compounds & Non-Ionic Surfactants
Viscous Liquid
Red
Slight Characteristic
1.00g/mL
9.5
24


Unparalleled Broad-Spectrum Activity Against Mixed Infections

Ideal For Infection Control In Medical, Veterinary & Pharmaceutical Applications

Suitable For Use In Police Cells, Ambulances, Prisons, Mortuaries & Other High Risk
Environments

Proven Effective Against Both HIV III & Hepatitis B Viruses

Effective Against Bacteria, Fungi & Viruses

Retains Activity In The Presence Of High Serum & Blood Levels

Destroys Viruses In Body Fluids, Such As Blood, Vomit, Urine, Semen

Rapid Action: Kills Bacteria On Contact

Safe To Use: Non Corrosive
APPLICATION(S):
Full confidence decontamination of blood, body fluids and excreta on walls, floors and other surfaces in Hospitals, Toilets, Police cells, Ambulances,
Mortuaries, etc.
Also suitable for all general purpose disinfection in all Medical, Veterinary and
Pharmaceutical applications.
An effective means of preventing and controlling the spread of foot infections (athlete’s foot, verrucae) caused when people walk barefoot in places, ie. swimming pools and leisure centers.
ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY:
Passes European (BS EN1276) quantitative suspension test for the evaluation of bactericidal activity of Chemical
Disinfectants and Antiseptics used in Food,
Industrial, Domestic and Institutional areas.
Achieves 100,000-fold reduction in bacterial load at 1:100
SPECIFICATION:
Composition : A blend of Iodophors, Detergents & Stabilisers
Active Content : 1.8 – 2% Available Iodine
Appearance
Colour
:
:
Opaque Liquid
Dark Brown
Odour
Density pH Value
:
:
:
Characteristic
1.07g/mL
1.5 to 2.5
25


Conforms To The British Pharmacopoeia

Broad Spectrum Of Activity Against Bacteria & Viruses

Miscible With Alcohol & Water

Still Effective In The Presence Of High Level Of Organic Contamination

Destroys Viruses In Body Fluids Such As Blood, Vomit, Urine, Etc

Suitable For General Purpose Disinfection In All Medical & Veterinary Applications
(Floors, Walls, Drains)

Ideal For Use In Police Cells, Ambulances, Prisons, Mortuaries & Other High Risk Areas

Leaves A Pleasant Lingering Scent At Use Dilutions

Rapid Acting
APPLICATION(S) :
A general purpose Disinfectant (1:100 dilution) for use in all Medical, Veterinary and Municipal applications.
ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY:
LYSOL BP Passes European (BS EN1276) quantitative suspension test for the evaluation of bactericidal activity of Chemical Disinfectants and Antiseptics used in Food Production, Industrial,
Domestic and Institutional areas at a dilution of 1:100.
At this dilution, the bacterial load can be reduced from 1,000,000 to <10 cells with only 5 min exposure for every one of 4 different problematic bacterial strains. Stringent test conditions (hard water and high level of organic contamination) apply.
SPECIFICATION:
Composition
Appearance
Colour
Odour
Density pH Value
:
:
:
:
:
:
50% Cresols in Castor Oil soap base
Liquid
Dark Brown
Strong, Characteristic
1.00g/mL
9.0 to 10.0
26