Name ____________________
STUDY GUIDE: HISTOLOGY & THE SKELETAL SYSTEM
– AN OVERVIEW
Adapted from the study guide “Chapter 5: The Skeletal System” from Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology, Fourth
Edition (1994) by Elaine N. Marieb.
1. Define Tissue:
2. Define Organ:
3. Identify each of the four primary types of tissues.
a.
b.
c.
d.
4. Which of the four tissue types is the most abundant and widely distributed throughout the
human body?
5. Compare and contrast the vascularity of the following: tendons and ligaments, cartilages, and
bones.
Tendons and Ligaments:
Cartilages:
Bones:
6. How does the amount of vascularity affect healing time?
7. Discuss the following aspects of extracellular matrix: is the extracellular matrix composed of
cells? Where is the extracellular matrix derived from?
Name ____________________
8. Identify and briefly describe a function of each of the 7 major types of connective tissue: Use
your notes as well as your Histology lab to complete this section.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
Name ____________________
9. What are the main functions of the axial system?
10. What is the main function of the appendicular system?
11. Highlight the axial skeleton to the right and leave the
appendicular skeleton as is.
Source:http://t3.pacific.edu/te
ams/M007305/skeletalsystem
.html
September 2nd, 2008
12. Without looking, list the 5 functions of the skeletal system?
13. Is bone a tissue or organ? _______________ Explain:
14. What is “hem-“ or “hemat-“ refer to? _______________ What is hematopoiesis?
15. List the three types of cartilage and give examples where each is found – include their
function?
Type 1:
Example:
Function:
Type 2:
Example:
Function
Type 3:
Example:
Function:
Name ____________________
16. Identify each of the following bone histology slides and describe where each would be found
within the humerus.
Type of Bone: ________________________
Location within Humerus:_______________
Type of Bone: _______________________
Location within Humerus:______________
Source: http://www.cytochemist
Source: http://upload.wikimedia
ry.net/microanatomy/bone/spbone.
jpg September 15nd, 2008
.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0c/Co
mpact_bone_-_ground_cross
_section.jpg September 15nd, 2008
17. Classify the bone in each illustration as long, short, irregular, or flat.
a.
c.
b.
d.
Source:http://occawlonline.pears
oned.com/bookbind/pubbooks/mar
iebhap/chapter6/deluxe.html
September 15nd, 2008
Name ____________________
18. Label the following structures in the illustration provided: diaphysis, periosteum, endosteum,
medullary cavity, proximal epiphysis, distal epiphysis, spongy bone, compact bone, and
epiphyseal lines.
Source: http://www.octc.kctcs.edu/GCaplan/anat/images/Image267.gif September 15nd, 2008
19. Compare and contrast osteoclasts and osteoblasts, using the terms bone deposition and bone
resorption in your explanation.
20. Using Wolff’s Law, explain how walking is beneficial to bone mass.
Name ____________________
21. In the following illustration label the→ lamellae, Haversian Canals, Haversian System, and
Volkmann’s canals.
Source: http://www.botany.uwc.ac.za/sci_ed/grade10/mammal/bone.htm September 15nd, 2008
22. Explain calcium storage in bone is affected by blood calcium levels.
23. Circle each scenario that is possible.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
A complete linear displaced simple fracture
A complete transverse non-displaced compound fracture
An incomplete displaced fracture
A transverse displaced compound fracture
An incomplete compound fracture