Ch4
1 .The decision-making process is a set of eight steps that begins with _____.
- analysis of alternatives
- identification of alternatives
- identification of the problem
- evaluation of decision effectiveness
2 .When purchasing a new car, consumers will consider _____ such as price, gas
mileage, color, and style.
- alternatives
- weights
- problems
- decision criteria
3 ._____ includes putting a decision into action, conveying the decision to those affected,
and getting their commitment to it.
- Brainstorming
- Decision implementation
- Representative heuristic
- Escalation of commitment
4 .The people who must carry out a decision are most likely to enthusiastically endorse
the outcome if _____.
- they participate in the decision-making process
- they are offered monetary incentives to carry out the decision
- the decision was made by a senior executive
- the decision greatly impacts their job functions
5 .Managerial decision making is assumed to be _____ in that managers make
consistent, value-maximizing choices within specific constraints.
- creative
- certain
- rational
- procedural
6 ._____ implies that managers can make accurate decisions because the outcome of
every alternative is known.
- Risk
- Certainty
- Rationality
- Procedure
7 .When managers assign probabilities to outcomes that may result they are dealing
with _____.
- uncertainty
- risk
- alternative evaluation
- rationality
8 .The potential for creativity is enhanced when individuals have _____, otherwise
known as expertise.
- the talent to see the familiar in a different light
- the desire to work on something because it's interesting, involving, exciting, satisfying,
or personally challenging
- abilities, knowledge, proficiencies, and similar expertise in their fields of endeavor
- a restricted view of the problem at hand and the viable range of potential alternatives
9 .The potential for creativity is enhanced when individuals have _____, otherwise
known as intrinsic task motivation.
- the talent to see the familiar in a different light
- the desire to work on something because it's interesting, involving, exciting, satisfying,
or personally challenging
- abilities, knowledge, proficiencies, and similar expertise in their fields of endeavor
- a restricted view of the problem at hand and the viable range of potential alternatives
10 .Creativity can be limited by the organizational factor _____.
- intangible rewards
- team work
- constrained choices
- autonomy
11 .When managers construct simplified models that extract the essential features from
problems without capturing all their complexities, managers are making decisions based
on _____.
- certainty
- risk
- bounded rationality
- groupthink
12 .When decision makers behave rationally within the limits of the bounded rationality
model, the result is a _____ decision.
- satisficing
- optimizing
- maximizing
- poor
13 .When Lilly overstates the risk of swimming due to the risk of shark attack, she is
employing a _____.
- availability heuristic
- programmed decision-making process
- escalation of commitment
- representative heuristic
14 .Joe did well in his Calculus 1 class last semester, so he predicts that he will be
equally successful this semester when he takes Calculus 2. Joe is employing a _____.
- availability heuristic
- programmed decision-making process
- escalation of commitment
- representative heuristic
15 ._____ represents the tendency to stay the course, despite negative data that suggest
one should do otherwise.
- Escalation of commitment
- Nominal group technique
- Groupthink
- Neural networking
16 .When a client calls All-Star Auto Insurance to report an accident, the claims agent
follows a set _____ of taking the client's information, accessing the client's account, and
entering the details of the accident into the client's file for subsequent processing.
- rule
- programmed decision
- procedure
- policy
17 .The statement that "we promote from within, whenever possible" is an example of a
_____.
- rule
- programmed decision
- procedure
- policy
18 .Which of the following is an example of a non-programmed decision?
- completing a performance appraisal
- reordering office supplies
- approving a leave request for an employee with a sick child
- creating a new strategic plan
19 .What two dimensions determine the four decision-making styles?
- degree of uncertainty avoidance and power
- the way they think and tolerance for ambiguity
- need for affiliation and tolerance for ambiguity
- experience and autonomy
20 .What group decision making technique discourages groupthink by requiring group
members to meet physically but operate independently?
- Brainstorming
- Electronic meeting
- Nominal group technique
- Delphi technique
21 .A decision is a discrepancy between an existing and a desired state of affairs.
True
False
22 .Problem identification is subjective.
True
False
23 .Decision criteria are always equally important in solving a problem.
True
False
24 .Rational decisions and creative decisions are mutually exclusive.
True
False
25 ."No smoking allowed" is an example of a rule.
True
False
26 .Like rules, policies state specifically what should or should not be done.
True
False
27 .The problems confronted by managers are likely to become more structured as the
managers move up the organizational hierarchy.
True
False
28 .Most managerial decisions are either fully programmed or fully non-programmed.
True
False
29 .The directive style of decision making is characterized by low tolerance for
ambiguity and a rational way of thinking.
True
False
30 .If a decision maker is intuitive with a low tolerance for ambiguity, he or she uses the
conceptual decision making style.
True
False
31 .Most managers possess characteristics of more than one decision-making style.
True
False
32 .Group decisions tend to provide more complete information and generate more
alternatives than do individual ones.
True
False
33 .Groupthink is a major disadvantage of group decision making.
True
False
34 .Group decision-making is always more effective than individual decision-making.
True
False
35 .Research shows that decision-making practices are the same from country to
country.
True
False