Name __________________________________________Date_____________Per___________
Chapter 1: Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology
I. Introduction
A. How has the study of anatomy changed over time?
B. Why were there so many misconceptions about human anatomy through the dark ages?
C. What are some modern technologies that aid in understanding anatomy and physiology?
D. Early medical providers developed the language of anatomy and physiology from
II. Anatomy and Physiology
A. Anatomy is
B. Physiology is
C. Anatomy and Physiology are difficult to separate because
III. Levels of Organization
Label each level and give a specific example of each.
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IV. Characteristics of Life
A. Movement is
B. Responsiveness is
C. Growth is
D. Reproduction is
E. Digestion is
F. Excretion is
G. Metabolism is
V. Maintenance of Life / Survival Needs
A. Requirements of Organisms
1. The five requirements of life are ______________________, _________________________________,
___________________, ______________________________________, and _____________________
2. The most abundant substance in the body is
3. Four major uses of water by the body are
4. Substances that provide organisms with nutrients are called
5. Nutrients supply
6. One-fifth (20%) of air is____________ which the body uses to __________________________________
7. The form of energy used by the body is________ which helps maintain normal body temperature.
8. The application of force on an object is
9. What role does pressure play in our bodies?
B. Homeostasis
1. Homeostasis is
2. Homeostatic mechanisms are
3. The three components of a homeostatic mechanism are
4. Receptors are
5. Control centers (set point) determine
6. Effectors provide
7. What is a negative feedback loop?
8. What is an example of a positive feedback loop?
VI. The Human Body: an Orientation
A. Relative Position
1. The position of the body in the anatomical position is
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2. Label the right and left of the patient to the right.
3. The anatomical term meaning above another body part is
4. The anatomical term meaning below another body part is
5. The two anatomical terms meaning toward the front are __________________and_______________
6. The two anatomical terms meaning toward the back are __________________and_______________
7. The anatomical term meaning closer to the midline of the body is
8. The anatomical term meaning closer to the sides of the body is
9. The anatomical term meaning closer to a specific point is
10. The anatomical term meaning farther away from a specific point is
11. The two anatomical terms meaning closer to the surface of the body are____________and____________
12. The anatomical term meaning more internal is
B. Body Sections/Planes
1. Fill in the table
Plane
Also Known As
Division
Divides the body into left and
right parts
Divides the body into anterior
and posterior (front and back)
parts
Divides the body into superior
and inferior (upper and lower)
parts
2. A cut across a cylindrical organ is called
Longitudinal
3. An angular cut of a cylindrical organ is called
4. A lengthwise cut of a cylindrical organ is called
VII. Organization of the Human Body
A. Body Cavities / Regional Terms
1. The human body can be divided into an_________________
portion and an_______________________________portion.
2. The axial portion includes
Cross section
Oblique
3. The appendicular portion includes
4. The cranial cavity houses
5. The vertebral canal houses
6. The thoracic cavity is divided from the abdominopelvic cavity by the
7. The thoracic cavity contains the following organs:
8. The region between the lungs is the
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9. Organs located in the mediastinum are
10. The two portions of the abdominopelvic cavity are
11. The organs of the abdominal cavity are
12. Organs of the pelvic cavity are
13. The other types of body cavities include:
14. Label the dorsal and ventral cavities and their subdivisions
B. Thoracic and Abdominopelvic Membranes
1. Serous membranes
2. The serous membrane that covers the lungs is the
3. The serous membrane that covers the heart’s surface is the
4. What is the purpose of the serous fluid?
5. The serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic wall is the
C. Organ Systems: See organ system packet!
D. Body Regions
1. Label the nine abdominal regions on
the diagram below:
2. Label the four quadrants of the
abdomen on the diagram below:
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E. Give the correct anatomical term for the following body regions:
region between thorax and pelvis __________________________
point of the shoulder ____________________________________
lower back between ribs and pelvis _________________________
forearm_______________________________________________
breast ________________________________________________
space in front of the elbow ________________________________
chin _________________________________________________
armpit ________________________________________________
nose _________________________________________________
arm __________________________________________________
lower posterior region of head _____________________________
cheek* _______________________________________________
mouth ________________________________________________
wrist _________________________________________________
eye cavity _____________________________________________
abdomen______________________________________________
ear __________________________________________________
head _________________________________________________
palm of hand __________________________________________
neck _________________________________________________
front of knee ___________________________________________
ribs* _________________________________________________
chest* ________________________________________________
hip __________________________________________________
foot __________________________________________________
leg __________________________________________________
pelvis* _______________________________________________
elbow* _______________________________________________
region between anus and
external reproductive organs ______________________________
finger ________________________________________________
sole of the foot _________________________________________
back* ________________________________________________
area behind the knee ____________________________________
thigh _________________________________________________
posterior region between the hipbones ______________________
forehead ______________________________________________
middle and anterior region of thorax ________________________
reproductive organs _____________________________________
instep of foot __________________________________________
buttocks ______________________________________________
navel_________________________________________________
depressed area of the abdominal
wall near the thigh ______________________________________
spinal column __________________________________________
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