Terminology Review for Test # 2
1. Functional unit of the kidney – nephron
2. An example of a nitrogenous waste – urea, uric acid, creatine
3. Tube connecting kidney to urinary bladder - ureters
4. Blood vessel carrying blood out of glomerulus – efferent arteriole
5. Name of artery entering kidney – renal artery
6. The tubule (duct) leading out of the nephron – collecting duct
7. Hormone controlling amount of water in urine - ADH
8. Sac where urine is stored - bladder
9. Does filtrate normally contain blood cells? - no
10. Part of nephron into which blood is filtered - glomerulus
11. Outer layer of kidney where nephrons are located – renal cortex
12. Inner layer of kidney containing many blood vessels and small tubes – renal
medulla
13. Central cavity in kidney where urine is collected – renal pelvis
14. Tube taking urine from bladder to body exterior - urethra
15. The 3 tubules in the nephron where most transport of “wanted” substances
back into the blood occurs – PCT, DCT, collecting duct
16. Name for the substance that moves from the glomerulus into the glomerular
(Bowman’s) capsule - filtrate
17. Blood vessel carrying blood out of the kidney – renal vein
18. Substance produced by kidneys that stimulates red blood cell production –
erythropoietin
19. Vitamin which is activated with help from the kidneys – Vitamin D
20. Master gland of the endocrine system – pituitary gland
21. Hormone which speeds up metabolic rate - thyroxine
22. Hormone which lowers blood glucose levels - insulin
23. Hormone which stimulates the adrenal cortex - ACTH
24. Type of gland which secretes its products directly into the blood – endocrine
gland
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CHEM 2301
25. Chemical messenger which travels in the blood to a target organ or tissue hormone
26. Hormone which raises blood calcium levels - PTH
27. Hormone which stimulates sperm production – testosterone
28. Gland which has both an endocrine and an exocrine portion - pancreas
29. Gland which is large in children and decreases in size after puberty – thymus
gland
30. Gland which produces melatonin - pineal gland
31. Not enough insulin causes this disorder – diabetes mellitus
32. Overproduction of GH in adults causes this disorder - acromegaly
33. Hormone which stimulates ovulation - progesterone
34. Caused by hyposecretion of thyroxine since infancy – congenital
hypothroidism
35. Caused by hyposecretion of thyroxine in adults - myxedema
36. An enlarged thyroid gland – hyperthyroidism
37. Cells in the pancreas that produce hormones are called the -? Pancreatic
islets
38. Two Canadians who discovered insulin
39. Disorder caused by hyposecretion of hormones from the adrenal cortex –
Addison disease
40. Hormones involved in the “fight, flight, fright” response to emergencies –
epinephrine, norepinephrine
41. Gland which produces hormones which help the body adapt to long-term
stress – corticoids
42. Gland which produces a hormone that regulates the daily rhythm of our bodies
– pineal gland
43. Disorder that results from insufficient production of growth hormone in
childhood – pituitary dwarfism
44. Lobe of the pituitary that produces LH – anterior pituitary gland
45. Hormone that stimulates the production of testosterone by the testes – LH
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CHEM 2301
46. Hormone responsible for the development of male secondary sex
characteristics - testosterone
47. Hormone produced by the pancreas that raises blood glucose levels glucagon
48. Disorder caused by hypersecretion of hormones from the adrenal cortex –
Crushing syndrome
GAS Health Science Prep
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CHEM 2301
Terminology
acromegaly
FSH
parathyroid glands
adrenal cortex
giantism
pineal gland
adrenal medulla
glomerular capsule
pituitary dwarf
adrenaline
glomerulus
pituitary gland
ACTH
glucagon
posterior lobe (pituitary)
ADH
goiter
progesterone
aldosterone
gonads
prolactin
ANH
GH
proximal convoluted tubule
afferent arteriole
hormone
renal artery
anterior lobe (pituitary)
hyperthyroidism
renal cortex
Banting & Best
insulin
renal medulla
calcitonin
kidney
renal pelvis
collecting duct
loop of the nephron
renal vein
congenital hypothyroidism
LH
testes
corticoids
MSH
testosterone
Cushing syndrome
melatonin
thymosins
diabetes insipidus
myxedema
thymus gland
diabetes mellitus
nephron
thyroid gland
distal convoluted tubule
nitrogenous waste
TSH
efferent arteriole
noradrenaline
thyroxine
endocrine gland
norepinephrine
urea
epinephrine
ovaries
ureter
erythropoietin
oxytocin
urethra
estrogen
pancreas
uric acid
exocrine gland
pancreatic islets
urinary bladder
filtrate
PTH
vitamin D
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CHEM 2301