Noxious Weeds,, Methods and
Herbicides to Control Them
February
y 6,, 2009
Dave Langland, Redmond
ODA Noxious Weed Control Program
541-548-2241
dlanglan@oda.state.or.us
OREGON DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
NOXIOUS WEED CONTROL PROGRAM
Tim Butler - Program Manager
Survey & Detection
OUR MISSION
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (LZW) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Plumeless thistle
Giant Hogweed
QuickTime™ and a
Photo - JPEG decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and a
Photo - JPEG decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and a
Photo - JPEG decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Distaff thistle
Purple starthistle
Protect Oregon’s natural resources from the invasion and
proliferation of exotic noxious weeds.
 Provide leadership and coordinate noxious weed
management.
 Serve as a technical resource for noxious weed issues.
 Provide public outreach, education and awareness.
 Conduct weed risk assessments.
 Detect new invaders and implement rapid response control
projects.
 Coordinate and implement biological control of weeds.
 Administer the State Weed Board grant program.
Noxious Weed: any plant designated by the Oregon State
Weed Board that is injurious to public health, agriculture,
recreation, wildlife, or any public or private property.
Regions - personnel & top projects
Hawkweeds
Squarrose knapweed
Rapid
p Response
p
&
Treatment
Paterson’s curse found in Douglas County.
QuickTime™ and a
Photo - JPEG decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Treatment of Kudzu in Multnomah County.
Outreach & Education
Oregon Noxious Weed Strategic
Plan provides an integrated
approach for weed management.
Dan Sharratt 541 562-5109
Biological Control
1978
Beth Myers 503 986-4621
Glenn Miller 541 937-2129
1. Giant hogweed
2 M
2.
Meadow
d
h
hawkweed
k
d
3. Gorse
1987
1. Squarrose knapweed
2. Plumeless thistle
3. Salt cedar
Dave Langland 541 548-2241
1. Knapweeds
2. Dalmatian toadflax
3. Leafy spurge
Bonnie Rasmussen 541 573-2506
Ken French 541 839-4929
1. Yellow starthistle
2. Paterson’s curse
3. Wooly distaff thistle
1. Perennial pepperweed
2. Mediterranean sage
3. Dalmatian toadflax
Bob Barrett 541 850-9550
1. Knapweeds
2. Leafy spurge
3 Perennial pepperweed
3.
WeedMapper - a cooperative
database project that provides a
repositor for weed
repository
eed sightings (OSU
(OSU,
BLM & USFS).
Biological Control of Invasive
Plants in the United States - a
new book that covers all aspects of
biocontrol.
Oregon State Weed Board
Successful biocontrol using the ragwort flea beetle. ODA manages
71 species of biocontrol agents against 33 weeds.
- Helps guide ODA program
- Designates weed ratings
- Funded 251 grants totaling
$4.4 million since 2000
- Represents stakeholders
Salem staff :
Tim Butler - Program Manager
Tom Forney - Projects Coordinator
Eric Coombs - Biocontrol Entomologist
Jo Davis - Administrative Assistant
Hole in a sea of purple loosestrife caused by Galerucella
beetles
(left) and Eustenopus weevil attacks yellow starthistle (right).
L to R: Rear- Ken French, Tom Forney
Middle - Eric Coombs, Dave Langland
Front - Glenn Miller, Jo Davis, Beth
Myers,
Bonnie Rasmussen, Bob Barrett, Tim
Butler, Dan Sharratt
Contact us:
Plant Division - Weed Control
Oregon Department of
Agriculture
635 Capitol St. NE
Salem, OR 97301
503 986-4621
www.oregon.gov/ODA/PLANT
Weed Board meeting
Noxious Weed Designations:
A- High priority for state
B- Regional priority
T- ODA target project
Weed staff reviewing grants
Noxious Weeds:Methods and
Herbicides to Control Them
•
•
•
•
•
Prevention
Cultural
Physical
g
Biological
Herbicides
Prevention
• Limit introduction of weeds and weed
seeds
• Early detection and control
• Minimize disturbance
• Monitor high-risk areas
• Revegetate disturbed sites
p
• Evaluate effectiveness of prevention
efforts
Prevention
Cultural Control
• Manipulating management practices
– Crop rotation
– Pasture rotation
– Animal selection (grazing)
– Crop selection
– Replanting seed purity
Physical Control
•
•
•
•
Tillage
Burning
Mowing
H d roughing
Hand
hi
Biological Control
•
•
•
•
•
Controversial
Weed specific
Must have agent
Eff ti
Effectiveness
(none
(
to
t great)
t)
Will always have the weed
Mill Creek, Prineville,OR
1997
Mill Creek, Prineville, OR
2000
Biological Control
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Knapweeds
Yellow starthistle
Leafy spurge
Dalmation toadflax
Medusahead rye
P pepperweed
White top
Scotch Thistle
Chemical Control
• Controversial
• Selective Control
– Broadleaf only
– Grasses only
– All vegetation
– Herbicides resistant weeds
Chemical Control
• Extra training
q p
• Extra equipment
• Reporting in Oregon
Thistles
•
•
•
•
Scotch Thistle
Smooth Distaff
Woolly Distaff
Bull Thistle
•
•
•
•
Milk Thistle
Musk Thistle
Slender Flower
Canada Thistle
Thistles
New Thistles
• Plumeless
• Taurin
Knapweeds
p
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Spotted Knapweed
Diffuse Knapweed
Russian Knapweed
Meadow Knapweed
Brown Knapweed
Black Knapweed
Bighead
g
Knapweed
p
Squarrose Knapweed
Short-fringed Knapweed
B h l ’ B
Bachelor’s
Button
tt
Yellow Starthistle
u p e Sta
Starthistle
t st e
Purple
Iberian Starthistle
Knapweeds
Mustards
•
•
•
•
•
Hairy Whitetop
Lens-podded Whitetop
Whitetop
Perennial Pepperweed
Dyers Woad
Skeletonweed
•
•
•
•
Nothing
g
Treat at flowering
Bioconrol
p g
Fall herbicide spring
seeding
g
• Treat at flowering
• Westside?