Chapter 8 Earth Dynamics Study Guide
1. List all types of Boundaries and Stress that apply for each Landform
Continental Rift
Tension
Divergent Boundary
Transform Fault
Shear
Transform Boundary
Mountain Ranges
Compression
Uplift
Convergent Boundary
Ocean Trenches
Subduction
Convergent Boundary
Compression
Mid-Ocean Ridges
Tension
Seafloor Spreading
Divergent Boundary
Volcanic Arch
Compression
Subduction
Convergent Boundary
2. Draw and label 3 different types of stress
3. Process that cause continents to grow
1. Erupting volcanoes add new land
2. Plate movements adds fragments
4. Understand the following terms
Volcanic Arc
form about 100km away from where plates converge and
one plate sub-ducts under another
Subside
the downward vertical motion of Earth’s surface, like the
formation of a glacier
Isostasy
the equilibrium between continental crust and the denser
mantle below that causes continents to float on mantle
Plain
large area of nearly flat land at low elevations
Uplift
the process that moves large bodies of Earth materials to
higher elevations
Fault Zone
area of many fractured pieces of crust along a large fault
Strain
change in a rock’s shape that is due to stress
Volcanism
is the phenomenon of eruption of molten rock (magma)
onto the surface of the Earth
Basin
area of subsidence or region of low elevation that can
collect sediment as mountains erode
Plateau
flat land at a high elevation
Transform Fault
plates slide horizontally past each other
5. Characteristics of the following rocks within the rock cycle.
a. igneous-rock experiences high pressure that causes minerals to align
themselves in bands
b. metamorphic-rock pushed further underground and completely melts,
then erupts from a volcano and hardens
c. sedimentary- rock is broken down by wind and water into small
particles, which flow into a river and get compressed into rock