CHAPTER 17
Manifest Destiny and Its Legacy, 1841-1848
!
IV. SINGLE-ANSWER MULTIPLE CHOICE.
Mark the one best answer for each of the following questions.
!
1. John Tyler joined the Whig party because he
a. thought that it was the easiest way to become president.
b. could not stomach the dictatorial tactics of Andrew Jackson.
c. was forced to resign from the Senate.
d. believed in its pro-bank, pro-protective tariff, and pro-internal improvements position.
e. believed it better represented Virginia’s interests.
!2.
The Whigs placed John Tyler on the 1840 ticket as vice president to
a. have him instead of President William Henry Harrison actually run the executive branch.
b. win northern votes.
c. attract the vote of the states’ rightists.
d. reward him for his strong support of the Whig party platform.
e. respond to the Democrats’ expansionist appeal.
!3. After President John Tyler’s veto of a bill to establish a new Bank of the United States,
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
he was expelled from the Whig party.
all but one member of his cabinet resigned.
an attempt was made in the House of Representatives to impeach him.
Tyler also vetoed a Whig-sponsored high-tariff bill.
all of the above.
!4. The only member of President Tyler’s Whig cabinet who did not resign in protest over his policies
was
a. Henry Clay.
b. Zachary Taylor.
c. Robert Walker.
d. Daniel Webster.
e. Millard Fillmore
!5. During an 1837 Canadian insurrection against Britain,
!6.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
the United States stayed neutral in word and action.
the United States imprisoned several American violators of neutrality.
America was unlawfully invaded by the British.
Canada warned the United States to stay out of the conflict.
the U. S. government plotted to annex Canada.
As a result of the panic of 1837,
a. the U. S. established restrictions on foreign loans.
b. Britain lent money to America, its close ally.
c. anti-British passions cooled in America.
d. the Democrats led America into war for more territory.
e. several states defaulted on their debts to Britain.
!!
7. The British-American dispute over the border of Maine was solved
a. by the Third War for American Independence.
b. by a compromise that gave each side some territory.
c. when America was given all of the territory in question.
d. by the Caroline incident.
e. by admitting Maine into the Union and New Brunswick into Canada.
!8. The Aroostook War was the result of
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
a short-lived insurrection in British Canada.
the Caroline incident.
the offer of asylum to the crew of the Creole.
a dispute over the northern boundary of Maine.
a fishing dispute between Britain and the U. S.
!9. Arrange the following in chronological order: (A) annexation of Texas, (B) Webster-Ashburton
Treaty, (C) settlement of the Oregon boundary, (D) Aroostook War.
a. A, B, D, C
b. B, D, C, A
c. D, B, A, C
d. C, A. B, D
e. A, D, C, B
!10. Some people in Britain hoped for a British alliance with Texas because
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
the alliance would help to support the Monroe Doctrine.
this area would provide an excellent base from which to attack the United States.
Mexican efforts to attack the United States would be stopped.
Texas could become a location for the settlement of undesirable British emigrants.
the alliance would give abolitionists the opportunity to free slaves in Texas.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
could involve the country in a series of ruinous wars in America and Europe.
might give more power to the supporters of slavery.
was not supported by the people of Texas.
offered little of political or economic value to America.
would lead to tensions and possible war with the British.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Senate approval of the Treaty of Annexation.
President Tyler’s desire to help his troubled administration
a presidential order by Andrew Jackson.
the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo.
a compromise to admit free-state Iowa at the same time.
!11. One argument against annexing Texas to the United States was that the annexation
!12. Texas was annexed to the United States as a result of
!13. Arrange in chronological order the United States’ acquisition of (A) Oregon, (B) Texas, (C)
California.
a. A, B, C
b. C, B, A
c. B, A, C
d. B, C, A
e. A, C, B
!!
14. The primary group that was instrumental in strengthening and saving American claims to Oregon
were
a. the Lewis and Clark expedition.
b. the Hudson’s Bay Company.
c. American missionaries to the Indians.
d. U.S. naval forces in Puget Sound.
e. Mormon settlers from Utah.
!15. Most Americans who migrated to the Oregon Country were attracted by the
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
rich soil of the Willamette River Valley.
expectation of fighting British troops.
potential profits in the fur trade.
discovery of gold and silver in the Cascade Mountains.
hope of finding a better trade route to East Asia.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
southern expansionists.
anti-Texas southerners.
Henry Clay.
eastern business interests.
proslavery forces.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
the forty-second parallel and the Columbia River.
the Cascade Mountains, the Columbia River, and Puget Sound.
the 36°30' line and the Columbia River.
the forty-ninth parallel and the 54"40' line.
the Columbia River, the forty-ninth parallel, and the Pacific Ocean.
!16. The nomination of James K. Polk as the Democrats’ 1844 presidential candidate was secured by
!17. The area in dispute between the United States and Great Britain in 1845 lay between
!18. In the 1840s, the view that God had ordained the growth of an American nation stretching across
North America was called
a. continentalism.
b. isolationism.
c. anglophobia.
d. Divine Mandate.
e. Manifest Destiny.
!19. In the presidential election of 1844, the Whig candidate, Henry Clay,
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
opposed the annexation of Texas.
called for immediate annexation of Texas.
favored both the annexation of Texas and the postponement of that annexation.
ignored the issue of the annexation of Texas.
favored dividing Texas into several states.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
the campaign raised no real issues.
a genuine and clear mandate emerged.
it was fought over numerous issues.
Polk won the electoral vote but lost the popular vote.
it brought the slavery issue into politics.
!20. The election of 1844 was notable because
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21. The group most supportive of gaining control of all the Oregon Country was the
a. southern Democrats.
b. Whigs.
c. northern Democrats.
d. Californians.
e. Protestant missionaries.
!22. In the Oregon treaty with Britain in 1846, the northern boundary of the United States was established
to the Pacific Ocean along the line of
a. 42°.
b. 52° 40'.
c. 54° 40'.
d. 36° 30'.
e. 49°
!23. One reason that the British government decided to compromise on the Oregon Country border was
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
the support of the Hudson’s Bay Company.
their belief that the territory was not worth fighting over.
John Tyler’s election to the presidency.
America’s acceptance of 54° 40'.
their better ability to defend British Columbia.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
advocated war with Mexico from the beginning.
argued strongly for annexation, because Americans were the most numerous people in the area.
was motivated by his knowledge of gold deposits there.
sought British help to persuade Mexico to sell the area to the United States.
first advocated buying the area from Mexico.
!24. In his quest for California, President James K. Polk
!25. Arrange the following in chronological order: (A) Bear Flag revolt, (B) Slidell mission rejected, (C)
declaration of war on Mexico, (D) American troops ordered to the Rio Grande Valley.
a. B, D, C, A
b. A, C, B, D
c. D, B, A, C
d. C, A, D, B
e. A, D, C, B
!26. In 1846 the United States went to war with Mexico for all of the following reasons except
a. the ideology of Manifest Destiny.
b. the deaths of American soldiers at the hands of Mexicans.
c. the desire to gain payment for damage claims against the Mexican government.
d. the impulse to satisfy those asking for “spot” resolutions.
e. Polk’s desire to acquire California.
!27. President Polk’s claim that “American blood [had been shed] on the American soil,” referred to news
of an armed clash between Mexican and American troops near
a. San Francisco.
b. the Nueces River.
c. Santa Fe.
d. the Rio Grande.
e. San Antonio.
!
28. During the Mexican War, the Polk administration was called on several times to respond to “spot”
resolutions indicating where American blood had been shed to provoke the war. The resolutions were
frequently introduced by
a. Abraham Lincoln.
b. Henry Clay.
c. Robert Walker.
d. David Wilmot.
e. Lewis Cass.
!29. One goal of Mexico in its 1846-1848 war with the United States was to
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
demonstrate the strength of Latino culture.
regain control of Texas.
capture slaves and take them back to Mexico.
force America to make good on unpaid claims of damages to Mexican citizens.
free black slaves.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
advocated taking all of Mexico.
believed the British would intervene on behalf of the Americans.
hoped to fight a limited war, ending with the conquest of California.
supported a large-scale conflict.
denied any intention of expanding slavery.
!30. When the war with Mexico began, President James K. Polk
!31. Match each American officer below with his theater of command in the Mexican War.
! A.
Stephen W. Kearny
1. northern Mexico
!
B.
C.
D.
Zachary Taylor
Winfield Scott
John C. Fremont
2. California
3. Santa Fe
4. Mexico City
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
A- 1, B-2, C-3, D-4
A- 3, B-1, C-4, D-2
A- 3, B-4, C-2, D-1
A- 2, B-1, C-3, D-4
A- 4, B-1, C-2, D-3
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
a guarantee of the rights of Mexicans living in New Mexico.
United States annexation of all the territory south of the Rio Grande.
the banning of slavery from all territory ceded to the United States.
a requirement that Mexico pay $3.25 million in damages to the United States.
United States payment of $15 million for the cession of northern Mexico.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
western Democrats.
antislavery forces.
Senate Democrats.
supporters of Nicholas P. Trist.
proslavery Whigs.
!32. The terms of the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo ending the Mexican War included
!33. Those people most opposed to President James K. Polk’s expansionist program were the
!!
34. The Wilmot Proviso
a. symbolized the burning issue of slavery in the territories.
b. gained House and Senate approval in 1846.
c. settled once and for all the issue of slavery in California.
d. allowed slavery in the territory taken from Mexico in 1848.
e. left open the issue of slavery in New Mexico and Utah.
!35. The Wilmot Proviso, introduced into Congress during the Mexican War, declared that
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Mexican territory would not be annexed to the United States.
slavery would be banned from all territories that Mexico ceded to the United States.
the United States should annex all of Mexico.
the United States should have to pay Mexico a financial indemnity for having provoked the war.
slavery in the territories would be determined by popular sovereignty.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
the Louisiana Purchase.
the Mexican Cession.
the Oregon Country.
the Old Northwest.
Alaska.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Russians.
French.
Dutch.
English.
Spanish.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
according to the principles of their founder St. Francis.
well but refused to convert them to Christianity.
very harshly.
better than they treated their African slaves.
as capable of civilization if educated.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
missionaries gained power.
slavery became an accepted practice.
convicts brought in by Spain were expelled.
California’s Indians received better treatment.
Californios eventually gained control of the land.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
with the arrival of Franciscan friars.
as a result of the influx of Anglo golddiggers.
when Mexico gained control of the area in 1826.
when agriculture became more profitable than mining.
when the U. S. government made English mandatory.
!36. The largest single addition to American territory was
!37. The first Old World Europeans to come to California were
!38. The Spanish Franciscan missionaries treated the native inhabitants of California
!39. When the Mexican government secularized authority in California,
!40. The Californios’ political ascendancy in California ended