Indus Valley/Ancient India Vocabulary
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28.
alliance
a bond between families, states, or other
groups to further their common interests
30.
golden age
a period of great happiness, prosperity, and
achievement
19.
alms
goods or money given to the poor
7.
granary
a place to store grain
17.
ascetic
a person who gives up worldly pleasures
41.
25.
Ashoka
ruler of the Mauryan Empire from about 269
to 232 BCE whose edicts reflected Buddhist
values. He first expanded his empire through
war.
The Great
Bath
is an impressive structure built around a
rectangular basin on the high mound of
Mohenjo-Daro 39 feet long and 8 feet deep
small dressing rooms surrounded the pool
and had sewer system they also bathe for
religious reasons
10.
Brahmanism
ancient ritual traditions in which Brahmins
played a key role; it grew out of older Vedic
religious beliefs and helped lead to
Hinduism
Gupta
Empire
Brahmaputra
River
River that begins in Tibet, flows through
northeast India and Bangladesh, joining
with the Ganges to empty into the Bay of
Bengal
the empire covering much of northern India
that was ruled by the Guptas from about 320
CE to about 550 CE. They created a strong
central government while giving
independence to local leaders.
Himalaya
Mountains
Mountain range that's located along India's
northern border. It has the world's tallest
mountain.
Buddha
a Sanskrit word meaning "enlightened"; the
name given to the man who founded
Buddhism
Hindu Kush
Mountains
Buddhism
the religion founded by Siddhartha, which
teaches that life brings suffering that one
can escape by seeking nirvana through
enlightenment
a mountain range that is a barrier between
India and Afghanistan and is one of the
highest mountain ranges in the world (but
not as tall as the Himalayas)
8.
Hinduism
a religion that developed in India over many
centuries; it traces its roots to older traditions,
such as Vedic beliefs and Brahmanism
39.
Indus River
A river in South Asia that flows from the
Himalayas to the Arabian Sea, primarily in
Pakistan, fertile cresent.
Indus valley
civilization
an early civilization with an advanced
culture, located in the Indus River valley on
the Indian subcontinent
karma
a belief found in Hinduism and other Indian
traditions that the good and evil done in a
past life determines the nature of that
person's next life
Mauryan
Empire
An empire lasting from about 322 to 187 BCE
during which the Mauryan family unified
India for the first time. Created their empire
through a series of wars and conquests.
4.
Mohenjodaro
one of the first major settlements in ancient
India that became a center of the Indus valley
civilization
32.
16.
21.
27.
37.
38.
11.
caste
a class, or group, in Hindu society
5.
citadel
a fortress that overlooks and protects a city
Deccan
Plateau
A raised area between two mountain ranges
in southern India, rich black soil is good for
growing cotton, yellow and red soils lack key
minerals which make it hard for farmers.
dharma
a belief found in Hinduism and other Indian
traditions that a person has a duty or
obligation to live an honorable life
Eastern and
Western
Ghats
The mountain range that runs along the east
and west coast of India.
26.
edict
a command that is obeyed like a law
23.
eightfold Path
a key idea of Buddhism whereby followers
should live their lives according to these
eight teachings
18.
enlightenment
the state of gaining spiritual insight and
finding universal truth; the goal of Buddhists
2.
monsoon
a strong wind that brings heavy rain to
southern Asia in the summer
Four Noble
Truths
the four basic doctrines, or principles, of
Buddhism
20.
nirvana
an ideal state of happiness and peace
Ganges River
A river that flows across most of Northern
India. It carries silt from the Himalayas and
leaves a rich sediment behind, which causes
the northern plains the most fertile farmland
in the world.
31.
philosophy
a theory or set of values by which one lives;
the search for wisdom and knowledge
15.
pilgrimage
a journey to a holy place
3.
plateau
a flat area of land that is elevated, or raised,
above the land around it
33.
12.
35.
22.
36.
6.
13.
24.
29.
province
a territory that is part of a country or an empire
14.
reincarnation
the belief that a person's soul is reborn into a new body after death
42.
samsara
(Hinduism and Buddhism) the endless cycle of birth and suffering and death and rebirth
1.
subcontinent
a large landmass that is smaller than a continent
34.
Thar Desert
Its in northern india and it is mostly sand and stone. It stretches 100s of miles and is littered with rocks.There is little
plant life and most of the time the heat is unbearable.
40.
Thar desert
A massive desert in northern India that is mostly sand and stone. Very little plant life and extreme heat. Dust storms are
common.
9.
Vedas
a collection of ancient writings viewed as sacred by many Hindus