Free Online Practice Test - First Class Driving School

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CHECK LIST BEFORE MAKING THE TRIP TO THE OFFICE OF MOTOR VEHICLES:
•
•
•
•
•
•
STUDY THIS GUIDE BOOK
DOWNLOAD AND STUDY FLASH CARDS
STUDY THE PRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS ON OUR WEBSITE
IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS, CALL US FIRST: 742-9942
DMV INFORMATION: OPEN ON WEEKDAYS 8 AM UNTIL 4 PM (CLOSED WEEKENDS AND HOLIDAYS)
CALL (225) 925-6145; OR GO ONLINE: WWW.EXPRESSLANE.ORG
STEP ONE: UNDER AGE 17 MAY ONLY APPLY FOR A PERMIT “LEARNERS LICENSE”
AGE 17 OR OLDER MAY CHOOSE TO EITHER APPLY FOR PERMIT OR AN UNRESTRICTED LICENSE
ALL APPLICANTS UNDER 18 WILL NEED:
• CUSTODIAL PARENT OR LEGAL GUARDIAN (BRING ID ALONG WITH CUSTODIAL OR GUARDIAN DOCUMENTS)
• ORIGINAL (WHITE COPY) OF CERTIFICATE OF COMPLETION FROM AN AGE APPROPRIATE DRIVER TRAINING COURSE
(SEE PAGE 7 OF THE STATE GUIDE BOOK)
• ORIGINAL STATE BIRTH CERTIFICATE (EVERY TIME UNTIL 18 YEARS OLD)*
• ORIGINAL SOCIAL SECURITY CARD OR RECEIPT FROM SOCIAL SECURITY OFFICE*
• PROOF OF CURRENT HIGH SCHOOL ENROLLMENT FORM OR PROOF OF GRADUATION EQUIVALENT
• APPROXIMATE FEE: $25.00 CASH. GO EARLY AND PREPARE TO WAIT A FEW HOURS
• MINIMIZE THE WAIT BY TAKING YOUR ROAD TEST WITH ON OF OUR CERTIFIED ROAD SKILLS EXAMINERS
• CALL 742-9942 OR GO TO OUR WEBSITE FOR MORE DETAILS: WWW.FIRSTCLASSDRIVINGSCHOOL.COM/roadtest.html
• SCORE OF 80% OR BETTER NEEDED PASS THE WRITTEN TEST
• UNDER AGE 17 MUST GET A PERMIT (LEARNERS LICENSE)
• 17 OR OLDER MAY CHOOSE TO MOVE TO STEP TWO ON SAME DAY—IF YOU ALREADY TOOK THE ROAD SKILLS TEST
WITH ONE OF OUR CERTIFIED ROAD SKILLS EXAMINERS, PRESENT YOUR CERTIFICATE—GET YOUR LICENSE.
STEP TWO: AGE 16 MAY APPLY FOR A RESTRICTED “INTERMEDIATE LICENSE” (SEE PAGE 7 OF STATE GUIDE BOOK) AFTER THEY
HAVE HELD A PERMIT FOR AT LEAST 180 DAYS
AGE 17 AND OLDER MAY APPLY FOR AN UNRESTRICTED LICENSE IMMEDIATELY AFTER PASSING THE WRITTEN TEST
ALL APPLICANTS UNDER 18 WILL NEED:
• ORIGINAL STATE BIRTH CERTIFICATE (EVERY TIME UNTIL 18)
• CUSTODIAL PARENT OR LEGAL GUARDIAN (BRING ID ALONG WITH CUSTODIAL OR GUARDIAN DOCUMENTS)
• APPLICANTS LEARNER’S PERMIT
• TO ATTEST THAT THEY HAVE PRACTICED AT LEAST 50 HOURS (15 AT NIGHT) WITH A LICENSED DRIVER AGE 21 OR OLDER
• PROOF OF CURRENT HIGH SCHOOL ENROLLMENT FORM OR PROOF OF GRADUATION EQUIVALENT
• EXPECT DELAYS AT THE DMV: THE DMV HAS A LIMITED AMOUNT OF ROAD SKILLS TEST THEY CAN ADMINISTER PER DAY
• MINIMIZE THE WAIT BY TAKING YOUR ROAD TEST WITH A CERTIFIED ROAD SKILLS EXAMINERS
• CALL 742-9942 OR GO TO OUR WEBSITE FOR MORE DETAILS: www.FIRSTCLASSDRIVINGSCHOOL.COM/roadtest.html
• YOUR VEHICLE FOR THE DMV TO ADMINISTER THE ROAD SKILLS TEST. MUST PASS THE DMV INSPECTION
• APPROXIMATE FEE FOR UPGRADING TO A LICENSE: $15.00 CASH
• SCORE OF 80% OR BETTER NEEDED TO PASS THE ROAD SKILLS TEST
ALL APPLICANTS 18 AND ABOVE WILL NEED:
• ALL THE ABOVE WITH THE EXCEPTION OF PARENT/GUARDIAN, PROOF OF HIGH SCHOOL ENROLLMENT & BIRTH CERTIFICATE
* SEE PAGE 2 OF THE STATE GUIDE BOOK IF YOU DEVIATE FROM ANY OF THE LISTED FORMS OF IDENTIFICATION ABOVE
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We have the solution: Schedule Your Road Skills Test With Us!
We can Test ANY Day of the Week, ANY Time of the Day
We can Road Test when it is Raining or even after Sunset
Pass and Receive a Certificate which you present to the DMV- No Drama!
For Details Call: 742-9942 or go to www.FirstClassDrivingSchool.com/roadtest.html
MAKE SURE YOU STUDY BEFORE GOING TO THE DMV. BELOW ARE SOME
SAMPLE QUESTIONS WHICH YOU MAY SEE ON YOUR WRITTEN TEST:
1. If following a vehicle, you must dim you lights at ____ feet
a. 100
b. 200
c. 500
d. 600
2. You cannot park within ___ feet of a fire station, on the same side of the street.
a. 15
b. 20
c. 25
d. 50
3. If you are turning left and a bicyclist is crossing the intersection from the opposite direction you should:
a. Signal, speed up and cross in front of the bicyclist.
b. Signal and continue your turn; bicyclist must yield.
c. Signal your intent to turn, yield right of way, the bicyclist has the right of way.
4. Who has the right of way when 2 vehicles come to a 4 way stop sign?
a. The car on the left must yield to the car on his right.
b. The first one to stop.
c. The car making a left hand turn.
d. The car going straight.
5. The three-second rule applies to;
a. Following a vehicle b. Passing a vehicle c. Only on interstates d. In a pedestrian crosswalk
6. When parking your car uphill and there is a curb, you should:
a. turn your wheels away from the curb
b. turn your wheels to the curb
c. It doesn't matter
d. Keep your wheels straight
7. What is the maximum number of people that may sit in the front seat of a moving vehicle?
a. Two
b. Three
c. Four
8. You not must be any closer than ____ feet of an emergency vehicle responding to a call, or within the same block.
a. 100
b. 200
c. 500
d. 600
9. A single yellow line on a 2 lane road means:
a. You may pass with caution b. Passing is prohibited c. The line separates traffic going the same direction.
10. It is against the law to:
a. Back up on the shoulder or roadway of any controlled access highway.
b. Coast down a hill in neutral gear or while holding down the clutch.
c. To have non-transparent material on the window glass of a vehicle.
d. All the above.
FOR ANOTHER 100 PRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS GO TO:
www.FirstClassDrivingSchool.com
LOOK FOR THE LINK THAT SAYS: “Free Online Practice Test”
ANSWERS: 1.B, 2.B, 3.C, 4.B, 5.A, 6.A, 7.B, 8.B, 9.A, 10.D
SAFETY SERVICES PROVIDED BY
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Driver’s Education for Teen and Adults
38 Hour Courses
14 Hour Prelicensing Courses
Ticket Classes Including Bossier Teen Court
Disabled Driver’s Rehabilitation Training
Driver Assessments DCA1 and DCA2
Fleet Safety Services
State Road Skills Test
Standard (Stick Shift) Training
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