14 November 2011
Addition polymers
Polypropylene
propylene no longer exists as
such in the polymer. However
polymers are named according to
the monomers used to make
them.
Polystyrene
Different plastics with different rigidity,
transparency heat tolerance and more.
Vinyl chloride
= ethenyl chloride†
Cl
†
“vinyl” = ethene
with one H replaced.
PVA
OH
Vinyl alcohol
polyvinylalcohol
OH
OH
OH
OH
OH
Condensation
with boric acid
OH
HO
B
OH
+ H2O →
H+ +
OH
OH
-
OH
OH
+
OH
OH
OH
HO
HO
B
OH
O
O
OH
B
O
O
OH
+ 4 H2O
• Cornell University Chemistry 207 Lab Manual
• Journal of Chemical Education, Jan. 1986, #63, pp. 57-60.
Condensation Polymers
(Recall condensation of an alcohol with a carboxylic acid
to yield an ester)
O
O
O
OH
+ H2O
HO
acetic acid + ethylalcohol → ethylacetate
Condensation occurs with release of a small molecule
such as H2O or HCl. No double bonds are required in
the monomer. However the ends of the monomer must
have reactive functional groups.
Condensation Polymers
PETE: polyethylene terephthalate
Also known as Mylar, especially when
coated with metal particles.
A polyester (Dacron)
Condensation Polymers
A pair of complementary polymers: a dicarboxylic acid
and a diamine. Neither in pure form will polymerize,
but upon mixing they will polymerize with one another.
adipic acid and Hexamethylenediamine
hexane-1,6-dioic acid and hexane-1,6-diamine
O
OH
HO
NH2
H2N
O
H2O
O
HN
NH2
HO
O
Capacity to continue growing.
A polyamide
For fun only: not on tests.
The two-component glues: epoxies
epoxide
actually a
diepoxide
Resin
Curing agent
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epoxy_glue
For fun only: not on tests.
Making the diepoxy resin (prepolymer)
Unreacted BPA cana lead to health complications.
There need reactive functional groups at each end so that
the polymer can extend in both directions.
For fun only: not on tests.
http://pslc.ws/macrog/eposyn.htm
For fun only: not on tests.
Branched chain polymers
At least one of the monomers has three (or more)
functional groups.
Three-dimensional structure confers rigidity and
thermostability.
MelmacTM, BakeliteTM and FormicaTM
milk jugs
peanut butter jars
We Wish You a Happy Halogen
(Sung to We Wish You a Merry Christmas.)
--------------------------------------------------We wish you a happy halogen
We wish you a happy halogen
We wish you a happy halogen
To react with a metal.
Good acid we bring
to you and your base.
We wish you a merry molecule
and a happy halogen.
http://www3.delta.edu/slime/chemsongs.html
7 Nov. 2011
Revised Schedule
Nov.
7.
EXAM
II
review
Nov
9,
11
CH
12.1‐12.7
Nov
14
CH
12.8‐12.9
Polymers
CH
13
Nutrients
of
Life
Nov
16,
18,
21,
28
Organic
Compounds
EXAM
III
Nov.
30
Dec.
2,
5
CH
16.1‐16.5
Water
Dec.
7,
9
CH
17
(Not
17.3
or
17.8)
Capturing
Energy
EXAM
IV
(1:00
–
3:00
PM)
Tues, Dec 13th
Monday,
November
14
Chapter
12
Monday,
November
28
Chapter
13
Monday,
December
5
Project
Wednesday,
December
7
Chapter
16
OfTicial:
Friday
Dec.
9,
Accepted
through
Sunday,
December
11
Chapter
17