U N I V E R S I T Y
O F
B E R G E N
University of Bergen Library
Evidence-based practice
The Library’s contribution
Regina Küfner Lein, Hilde Wedvich & Christine Tarlebø Mjøs
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What is evidence-based practice
Context
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Type of support given by the library
Courses
• Literature searching within evidence based practice
3 hours
open for students and staff (University and hospital), registration
Content: principles of EBP, clinical questions,
overview over databases
• Group of health care personnel (further education)
1-3 hours
Literature searching
Coaching
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Working evidence-based
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A method – a new method
Documentation
Improving quality of practice
Procedures – guidelines
• Consists of several steps
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Tips for exercise with course participants
Group exercise, approx. 10 minutes, as a break in your
lesson just before you introduce the steps of evidence
based health care:
The teaching librarian writes 6 to 10 sentences on a piece
of paper in arbitrary order (or may cut them into strips,
which can be sorted), and the course participants have to
sort sentences in increasing relevancy order so they
correspond to the concepts of evidence based health care.
From: Niedzwiedzka & Hunskår 2010. MedLibTrain – Become a better teacher of health information skills.
http://www.bm.cm-uj.krakow.pl/pdf/MedLibTrainEng.pdf, http://brage.bibsys.no/dhh/bitstream/URN:NBN:nobibsys_brage_16163/1/MedLibTraineng.pdf
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The evidence-based process
I
Reflexion
II
Research
question
VI
Evaluate
Evidence-based
practice
III
V
Apply
IV
Literature
search
Appraise
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6-S-model for selecting databases
From: Evidence Based Practice
http://elibrarygroups.health.nt.gov.au/content.php?pid=168736&sid=1513893
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Information literacy and evidence-based practice
From: Niedzwiedzka & Hunskår 2010. MedLibTrain – Become a better teacher of health information skills.
http://www.bm.cm-uj.krakow.pl/pdf/MedLibTrainEng.pdf, http://brage.bibsys.no/dhh/bitstream/URN:NBN:nobibsys_brage_16163/1/MedLibTraineng.pdf
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Formulating questions
Questions –> clinical questions
Prevalence - Diagnosis - Therapy - Prognosis –Etiology
- Experiences
Clinical questions –> study design
Cross-sectional study – Cohort-study – Case-controlstudy - Randomized-controlled study – Qualitative study
Study design –> search terms
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PICO – a tool for formulating explicit questions
PICO is an example of a framework, originally made for
clinical questions. According to PICO, a clinical question
has four major elements:
• Patient/Population/Problem
• Intervention
• Comparison
• Outcome
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Example
From: Niedzwiedzka & Hunskår 2010. MedLibTrain – Become a better teacher of health information
skills. http://www.bm.cm-uj.krakow.pl/pdf/MedLibTrainEng.pdf,
http://brage.bibsys.no/dhh/bitstream/URN:NBN:no-bibsys_brage_16163/1/MedLibTraineng.pdf
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Literature searching
Start as high as possible in the S-pyramide
Select relevant databases in each level
Work downwards
Stop when appropriate results are achieved
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Appraising the literature
General aspects:
Search & write
http://sokogskriv.no/english/
Checklists for
critical appraisal
of articles
f.ex.: http://www.cebm.net/index.aspx?o=1157
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Discussion
• Libraries’ role in the evidence-based process
• New concept for health personnel – motivation
• New concept for librarians - motivation
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Librarians’ own education - Further education
• Study at Bergen University College (15 ECTS credits)
• Internal course
• Self-study:
– Center for evidence-based medicine, Univ. of Oxford
http://www.cebm.net/index.aspx?o=1023
– EBM Librarian: https://sites.google.com/site/ebmlibrarian/
– MedLibTrain: Niedzwiedzka & Hunskår 2010. MedLibTrain –
Become a better teacher of health information skills.
http://www.bm.cm-uj.krakow.pl/pdf/MedLibTrainEng.pdf,
http://brage.bibsys.no/dhh/bitstream/URN:NBN:nobibsys_brage_16163/1/MedLibTraineng.pdf
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National network for clinical procedures
Goal: coordinating quality work and sharing procedures
• Members are health services, hospitals
2 procedures/year
• Several working groups: Method group, Publishing group
(Collection of procedures at fagprosedyrer.no with free
access)
• Librarians network
guidelines for evidence-based literature search,
documentation of searches, education of health workers,
support each other, courses for librarians
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University of Bergen Library
Evidence-based library practice
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How do we work?
We have a lot of own experience
Do we ask the users?
Do we use research literature?
Do we know where to find literature within library
science?
• Do we implement new ideas?
• Do we evaluate them after a while?
• Barriers?
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Available resources for library research
Free available databases
• LISTA Library, Information Science & Technology
Abstracts
• Medline (free in PubMed)
LISTA and Medline cover 80,9 % of indexed articles;
74,6 % of included articles
From Sampson et al, 2008 Sources of evidence to support systematic reviews
in librarianship, J Med Libr Assoc. 2008 January; 96(1): 66–69.
doi: 10.3163/1536-5050.96.1.66
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