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CHROMOSOMES AND MEIOSIS
6.1
Study Guide
KEY CONGEPT
Gametes have half
the number of
chromosomes that
body cells have.
somatic cell
autosome
fe
gamete
sex chromosome
diploid
homologous chromosome
sexual reproduction
ha ploid
meiosis
MAIN IDEA: You have body
cells and gametes.
l.
What are the two major groups of cell types in the human
2.
Where are gametes located?
3.
How many chromosomes are in a typical human body cell?
MAIN IDEA: Your
body?
:
cells have autosomes and sex chromosomes.
Fill in the concept map below to summarize what you know about chromosomes
46 chromosomes
half
in human body cell
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22 homologous pairs
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Unit 3 Resource Book
McDougal Littell Biology
Study
Guide
1
Name
Period
I)ote
STUDY GUIDE, CONTINUED
9.
What is the sex of a person with two X chromosomes?
Female
1O, Which chromosome carries the fewest number of genes?
MAIN IDEA: Body
cells are diploid; gametes are haploid.
11. What happens to the nuclei of the egg and sperm during fertilization?
12. What type of cells
are haploid?
13. What is the haploid chromosome number in humans?
14. How many autosomes
are present in each human gamete? How many sex chromosomes?
22 âufôsômes
1
sex chrômôsômes
15. Complete the following table to summarize the differences between mitosis
and meiosis.
Use Figure 6.2 to help you.
Mitosis
>..
Makes diploid cells
cñ
Makes haploid cells
o
E
Makes genetically identical cells
Happens throughout lifetime
(J
.c
Makes genetically unique cells
E
Happens at a specific time in a lifetime
c
E
lnvolved in sexual reproduction
ro
ol
lnvolved in asexual reproduction
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J
Eó
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Vocabulary Check
16. What are homologous
A
of
oO
chromosomes?
@
one from the mother one from the
and
rance
E
.9r
o
17. The wotdsoma means "body." How does this relate to the meanings of autosome and
()o
somatic cell?
Autosome: Chromosome that fìrects the body's development of tralts directly related to sexual characteristics. Somatic cell; Body cells
2
study eu¡de
UnÍt 3 Resource Book
McDougal Littell Biology