1/20/2016
This power point is made available as an educational
resource or study aid for your use only.
This presentation may not be duplicated for others
and should not be redistributed or posted anywhere on
the internet or on any personal websites.
Your use of this resource is with the acknowledgment
and acceptance of those restrictions.
Cerebellum
MHD – Neuroanatomy Module
February 8, 2016
Gregory Gruener, MD, MBA
Vice Dean for Education, SSOM
Professor & Associate Chair, Department of Neurology
LUHS/Trinity Health and Catholic Health East
Outcomes you need to be able to demonstrate
 Outline Major organizational divisions
 Identify cerebellar peduncles and deep nuclei
 List afferent and efferent components
 Define the origins of the mossy and climbing fibers
 Describe the “wiring diagram” of the cerebellum
 Define the functional components of the cerebellum
 Describe the somatotopic maps of the cerebellum
1
1/20/2016
Lancet Neurol 2014; 13: 100–12
Cerebellum overview
Inputs
Cerebellar
Cortex
Nuclei
Outputs
Motor Systems
Vestibular nuclei
Thalamus
Red nucleus
(reticular formation)
No direct connection to
the spinal cord
“Afferent” information
Vestibular
Proprioceptive & skin
receptor information
Sensorimotor cortex
Auditory system
Visual system
Information Processing
Mossy & Climbing fibers
Coordination
Correction of current
movements to match
those intended
Enter the Cerebellar cortex
Purkinje cells
Deep nuclei
Cerebellum overview – gross anatomy
Nolte J. The Human Brain, 6th ed., 2009
http://www.bartleby.com/107/illus702.html
Fitzgerald MJT, Gruener G, Mtui E. Clinical Neuroanatomy and Neuroscience, 6th Ed., W. B. Saunders 2012
2
1/20/2016
Cerebellum overview – MRI “anatomy”
http://www.bartleby.com/107/illus702.html
Cerebellum overview – MRI “anatomy”
Cerebellum overview – MRI “anatomy”
3
1/20/2016
Cerebellum overview – MRI “anatomy”
Cerebellum overview – gross anatomy
Horizontal fissure
Cerebellum overview – cerebellar peduncles
midline
Molson Medical Informatics Project M. Afferents to the Cerebellum.
MedEdPORTAL; 2008. Available from: www.mededportal.org/publication/904
4
1/20/2016
Cerebellum overview – somatotopic anatomy
One to remember
Castro, Merchut, Neafsey, Wurster; Neuroscience: An Outline Approach, 2002
Grimaldi G, Manto M. Topography of Cerebellar Deficits in Humans. Cerebellum 11:336–351, 2012
Cerebellum overview – cerebellar peduncles
Superior cerebellar
peduncle
Middle
cerebellar
peduncle
Inferior cerebellar
peduncle
Siegel A, Sparu HN. Essential Neuroscience, 3rd Ed., Wolters Kluwer, 2015
Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle
Afferents
Inferior olivary nucleus
Vestibular nuclei
Spinal cord
Trigeminal nuclei
Reticular formation
Cerebellar efferents
Vestibular nuclei
5
1/20/2016
Middle Cerebellar Peduncle
Afferents:
Cerebral cortex
“For the detailed minded among you”
Superior Cerebellar Peduncle
Afferents:
Anterior Spinocerebellar tract
Cerebellar efferents
Originate from the deep cerebellar
nuclei
6
1/20/2016
Cerebellum – flocculonodular lobe (input & output)
Inferior cerebellar peduncle
Castro, Merchut, Neafsey, Wurster; Neuroscience: An Outline Approach, 2002
Cerebellum – vermis (input & output)
Medial
hemisphere
(Uncinate
fasciculus)
Castro, Merchut, Neafsey, Wurster; Neuroscience: An Outline Approach, 2002
Cerebellum – hemisphere (input & output)
Castro, Merchut, Neafsey, Wurster; Neuroscience: An Outline Approach, 2002
7
1/20/2016
Cerebellum overview – microscopic anatomy
Molecular layer
Mainly axons and dendrites
• Basket cells – axons synapse
on the Purkinje cell body
• Stellate cells – axons synapse
on Purkinje cell dendrites
Purkinje cell layer
• Purkinje cells – only axons
that leave the cerebellar cortex
Granular layer
• Granular cells – send their
axons into the molecular layer as
parallel fibers
White matter
Cerebellum overview – microscopic anatomy
Nolte J and Sundsten. The Human Brain: An introduction to its functional anatomy. 6th
edition, 2010; Mosby Elsevier
Cerebellum overview – microscopic anatomy
Climbing
fibre
Gray’s anatomy: The anatomical basis of clinical practice, 40th edition; Churchill Livingstone, London
8
1/20/2016
Cerebellum overview – microscopic anatomy
http://www.astralgia.com/webportfolio/omnimoment/live_science/purkwrld/gifs/layers.jpg
Granule cell
http://24.media.tumblr.com/RKBSJS2N6p56m2a3p28K7ab7o1_400.gif
Cerebellum overview – microscopic anatomy
Neuroscience. 2nd edition.Purves D, Augustine GJ, Fitzpatrick D, et al., editors. Sunderland (MA): Sinauer Associates; 20012
9