01. Which one of the following events did NOT occur during the antebellum period?
(A) The ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment (B) The development of the cotton gin
(C) The dispute over slavery in Missouri (D) The dispute over the tariff in South
Carolina (E) The rise of the abolitionist movement.
02. Federal government regulation of the meat industry and the beginnings of the Great
War (World War I) occurred during (A) the Gilded Age (B) the Progressive Era (C) the
New Deal Era (D) the Fair Deal Era (E) the New Frontier/Great Society Era.
03. Which one of the following events occurred during the Gilded Age? (A) The end of
the War of 1812 (B) The election of Andrew Jackson as president (C) The end of World
War II (D) The election of Ulysses Grant as president (E) The end of slavery.
04. The most significant result of Nat Turner's rebellion was (A) the South's intensified
commitment to slavery (B) Abraham Lincoln's decision to emancipate the slaves (C) the
formation of the American Colonization Society (D) the emancipation of most of the
slaves in Virginia (E) Turner's escape to Haiti and his freedom from slavery.
05. Which of the following individuals would favor the actions taken by the national
government during the Whiskey Rebellion? (A) A backcountry farmer who supported the
Articles of Confederation (B) A states' rights supporter who feared a strong central
government (C) A Quaker who opposed the use of force (D) A supporter of law and order
(E) An indentured servant who believed the system was biased against the poor.
06. The common element of Bacon's, Shays's, and the Whiskey Rebellion was that (A)
all resulted in changes in the economic conditions that caused them (B) all occurred
before the American Revolution (C) all were challenges to perceived unfairness by a
distant government (D) all resulted in widespread changes in American society (E) all
were promoted by foreign agents hoping to overthrow the government.
07. Which area of the British colonies maintained state-supported, religious practices
similar to those found in the mother country? (A) Massachusetts and Connecticut (B)
Virginia and Maryland (C) The frontiers of Georgia and South Carolina (D) Pennsylvania
and New York (E) Delaware and New Jersey.
08. Which religious group faced the greatest persecution in the colonies? (A)
Congregational Church (B) Presbyterian Church (C) Society of Friends (D) Anglican
Church (E) Catholic Church.
09. Which of the following groups was characterized by beliefs in innate depravity,
predestination, and intolerance of other religions? (A) Anglicans (B) Catholics (C)
Quakers (D) Puritans (E) Presbyterians.
10. Between 1861 and 1889, a common element among the presidential administrations
was that most presidents (A) were impeached (B) were from the Democratic Party
(C) were from the Republican Party (D) had personal scandals in their administrations
(E) added territory to the United States.
11. What common characteristic did the presidencies of Ulysses Grant, Warren
Harding, and Richard Nixon have? (A) All had scandals during their administrations. (B)
All were Democratic administrations. (C) All had wars begin during their
administrations. (D) All were famous generals. (E) All were impeached, but not
convicted.
12. What characteristic did the great presidents of the United States share? (A) Each
survived a political scandal during his presidency. (B) Each won a foreign war during his
presidency. (C) Each dealt with an economic depression during his presidency. (D) Each
raised taxes to balance the budget during his presidency. (E) Each had a major legislative
success during his presidency.
13. From 1764 to 1775, the principal British method of raising revenue in the colonies
was to (A) tax the trade and commerce of the colonies (B) tax the income of individual
colonists (C) permit colonial legislatures to raise money for their own needs (D) sell land
in the west (E) tax the slave trade in the southern colonies.
14. What was the colonists' most common method of protesting British taxation policy
from 1764 to 1773? (A) To complain but to pay the taxes (B) To offer Britain an
alternative means of raising revenue (C) To refuse to import or use British
products/goods (D) To deal with Britain on a colony-by-colony basis (E) To form an
army to resist the taxes.
15. The most common British reaction to colonial resistance from 1764 to 1773 was to
pass a tax or take an action, experience colonial resistance, and then (A) strongly confront
the colonials (B) back away from the tax or action (C) appeal to the churches for help
with enforcement (D) use foreign troops to overcome it (E) ignore it.
16. A primary reason for opposition to the National Banks was that these banks (A)
failed to provide sound economic services to the country (B) contributed to foreign
speculation in the American economy (C) promoted speculation and risk-taking in
banking (D) supported and promoted the slave trade (E) were not authorized by the
Constitution.
17. The person most likely to support the First National Bank would be someone who
(A) farmed in the frontier regions of Tennessee (B) voted for Thomas Jefferson in the
presidential election of 1796 (C) lived in Philadelphia and was involved in commerce and
trade (D) feared the rapid expansion of government power in the 1790s (E) supported the
economic and political system of England.
18. The main argument for re-chartering the National Bank in 1816 was that (A)
England had a national bank and America must remain competitive (B) the Bank would
prevent falling land prices from hurting economic growth (C) the Constitution had been
amended and Congress now had the power to create a Bank (D) the Bank could restore
economic stability after the War of 1812 (E) McCulloch v. Maryland required that the
Bank be re-chartered.
19. From 1790 to 1840 a liberal would have supported (A) the National Bank (B)
limiting the power of governments (C) secession (D) a strong central government (E)
expansion overseas.
20. A similarity between the conservatives of the 1790s and the liberals in the twentieth
century was that both favored (A) government use of the spoils system (B) expanding the
money supply by coining silver (C) an agrarian (farming) way of life (D) free trade by
lowering the tariff (E) an active government involved in society.
22. Which pair of issues divided liberals and conservatives from 1865 to 1900? (A)
Civil rights and the tariff issue (B) Expansion of slavery and the National Bank (C)
Business regulation and road/canal construction (D) The money supply and business
regulation (E) Presidential authority and America's role in the world.
23. From 1940 to 1985, conservatives consistently believed that (A) civil rights was a
national priority (B) the role of the government in society should be limited (C) the New
Deal should become a permanent part of American society (D) the Soviet Union was a
trustworthy and dependable ally (E) the traditional role of women in society must change.
24. A liberal in the 1960s would have supported (A) a declaration of war against North
Vietnam (B) Mississippi's right to handle its own racial problems (C) a federal law
protecting park lands (D) the use of federal troops to curb civil rights protest marches (E)
a law to prevent women from working outside the home.
25. A conservative during the 1980s would have supported a law that (A) raised income
taxes by 20 percent (B) reduced the defense budget by 20 percent (C) increased research
on alternative sources of energy (D) increased spending on job training for inner-city
residents (E) reduced taxes for married people.
26. A farmer who opposed the creation of the National Bank in the 1790s would likely
join the (A) Democratic Republican Party (B) Democratic Party (C) Free Soil Party (D)
Whig Party (E) Federalist Party.
27. The Federalist Party, the Whig Party, and the Republican Party of the 1850s all
supported (A) government assistance to end slavery (B) government assistance to
business interests (C) strict construction of the Constitution (D) an expansionistic foreign
policy (E) an end to the spoils system.
28. A businessman in the 1840s who sought government assistance in building a road
through his state would support the policies of the (A) Democratic Republican Party (B)
Federalist Party (C) Populist Party (D) Whig Party (E) Democratic Party.
29. The third party that provided the greatest influence on the progressive reformers of
the early 20th century was the (A) American Independent Party (B) Liberty/Free Soil
Party (C) Populist Party (D) States' Rights Party (Dixiecrats) (E) American Party (Know
Nothings).
30. Which of the following pairs of third parties represented an attempt to prevent
changes in the racial policies of their times? (A) The States' Rights Party (Dixiecrats) and
the Populist Party (B) The Liberty/Free Soil Party and the Populist Party (C) The
Progressive Party (Bull Moose) and the States' Rights Party (Dixiecrats) (D) The
American Independent Party and the States' Rights Party (Dixiecrats) (E) The American
Party (Know Nothings) and the American Independent Party.
31. A factory worker in the 1840s who hoped to become a farmer in the nonslave
territories of the west would likely support the ideas of the (A) Populist Party (B)
Progressive Party (Bull Moose) (C) States' Rights Party (Dixiecrats) (D) American Party
(Know Nothings) (E) Liberty/Free Soil Party.
32. The United States' neutrality (isolationism) during the two European wars meant
that America would (A) maintain commercial ties with Europe, but would not join
military alliances (B) assist France, because such help was in America's national interest
(C) join the side most likely to win the war (D) cease all connections with Europe until
the war was over (E) refuse to honor a long-time, official alliance with France.
33. The principal impact of the War of 1812 within the United States was the (A) quick
uniting of the nation around the policies of President Madison (B) repudiation of the War
Hawks in Congress (C) triumph of the Federalist Party in the election of 1812 (D) repeal
of the Embargo Act and the Non-Intercourse Act (E) division of the country along
regional lines.
34. In declaring war in 1917, the United States hoped to (A) eliminate Germany as a
commercial rival (B) promote democracy in Europe (C) make a permanent alliance with
France and England (D) eliminate Mexico as a threat to America's security (E) stop
England from interfering with America's neutrality.
35. The Great Compromise of 1787 resulted in (A) a legislative branch just like the one
created by the Articles of Confederation (B) agreement on representation and taxes that
counted slaves as 3/5 of a person (C) a national government with a two-house legislative
branch (D) a government that gave disproportionate power to the small states (E) an end
of the slave trade in twenty years.
36. A common element in the Compromises of 1820 and 1850 was that both (A) dealt
with land areas acquired by war (B) were followed by three decades of domestic peace
(C) combined earlier proposals to end the domestic slave trade (D) acknowledged
southern superiority on the slavery question (E) dealt with the extension of slavery into
the territories.
37. The Compromise of 1877 marked the end of (A) northern military occupation of the
South (B) deep resentments over the Civil War (C) Republican presidential dominance
(D) sectional discord over race issues (E) the electoral-college system.
38. A significant impact of the Marshall Court decisions was to (A) expand the power
of state governments at the expense of the national government (B) establish a
confederation system of government where the states controlled the national political
agenda (C) expand the powers of the national government at the expense of state
governments' powers (D) promote economic conditions that benefited agrarian interests
at the expense of mercantile interests (E) expand state and local governments' regulation
of business and commerce.
39. From 1819 to 1824, the Marshall Court favored business development with rulings
that (A) put regulations into the hands of business-friendly state governments (B)
restrained the restrictive regulations of the federal government (C) lowered property and
corporate taxes (D) strengthened the partnership between financial interests and the
federal government (E) promoted monopolies and allowed businesses to eliminate
competition.
40. The Marshall Court supported American nationalism from 1819 to 1824 by (A)
eliminating the property requirement for voting (B) strengthening the central
government's ability to direct and standardize economic policy (C) making American
business competitive with other nations around the world (D) providing financial support
for the "American System" of internal improvements (E) freeing the federal government
from the restraints of the Constitution.
41. One consequence of the Monroe Doctrine was that (A) Russia decided to ally with
the United States to keep other European nations out of South America (B) England and
America clashed repeatedly over their foreign interests during the nineteenth century (C)
the doctrine forced America into unwanted European alliances (D) Japan emerged as the
greatest threat to the doctrine during the twentieth century (E) America became
increasingly aggressive in enforcing the doctrine in the Western Hemisphere.
42. The United States believed its Open Door Policy was threatened when countries
tried to (A) achieve exclusive trading rights in various regions of China (B) spread
foreign ideologies among the Chinese people (C) establish multilateral trade
arrangements in China ] (D) spread Christianity among the Chinese people (E) eliminate
communist influence from China.
43. A common characteristic of the three American foreign policy cornerstones was
that all of them (A) promoted friendships with European powers (B) resulted in large
territorial acquisitions for the United States (C) were issued to protect American interests
(D) were directed toward American interests in Asia (E) resulted in major wars for the
United States.
44. Which pair of acquisitions completed America's Manifest Destiny? (A) Louisiana
Purchase and Florida Purchase (B) Mexican Cession and Oregon Treaty (C) Treaty of
Paris and Oregon Treaty (D) Florida Purchase Treaty and Mexican Cession (E) Mexican
Cession and Annexation of Texas.
45. A common characteristic of the Treaty of 1783 and the Louisiana Purchase Treaty
was that both (A) resulted in land losses for Great Britain (B) cost the United States no
money (C) led to war with France (D) helped secure control of the Mississippi River (E)
prevented Spain from re colonizing in the Western Hemisphere.
46. In terms of cost per square mile, which of the following acquisitions was America's
poorest land deal? (A) Louisiana Purchase Treaty (B) Florida Purchase Treaty (C)
Gadsden Purchase Treaty (D) Oregon Treaty (E) Treaty of 1783.
47. Both the Mexican War and Spanish-American War resulted in (A) little territory
lost or gained by the belligerents (B) completion of America's drive for Manifest Destiny
(C) stopping European aggression in the Caribbean and South America (D) the United
States gaining clear title to Cuba and Texas (E) the United States gaining significant
territorial acquisitions.
48. In terms of objective and outcome the war that most resembled the Korean War was
(A) Vietnam (B) World War II (C) the Spanish American War (D) World War I (E) the
Mexican War.
49. The War of 1812, Spanish-American War, and World War I all involved (A)
disputes over land claims in the Western Hemisphere (B) toppling foreign leaders who
threatened United States security (C) maritime incidents that led to war (D) border
incidents that started the conflicts (E) large territorial gains for the United States at the
settlement of the conflict.
50. Many abolitionists challenged the goals of the American Colonization Society
because the organization (A) had the support of most freed blacks and reduced their
loyalty to other abolitionist groups (B) was deeply religious, while most abolitionists
were nonbelievers (C) attempted to eliminate the free black population rather than end
slavery itself (D) called for penal and temperance reform, which detracted from
abolitionism (E) established Liberia, which practiced slavery in Africa.
51. William Lloyd Garrison clashed with the American and Foreign Anti-Slavery
Society because he (A) supported forming a political party to end slavery (B) was very
religious and sought close ties to the churches to end slavery (C) was too timid in his
methods to end slavery (D) supported full participation for women in the crusade against
slavery (E) hoped to form an alliance with the American Colonization Society.
52. An abolitionist in the 1840s who sought to end slavery by political means and
supported paying slaveholders for their lost property would join the (A) American
Colonization Society (B) American and Foreign Antislavery Society (C) American
Antislavery Society (D) American Bible and Temperance Society (E) Antislavery
Convention of American Women.
53. The first ten amendments to the Constitution were intended to (A) protect rights that
were perceived as threatened during the colonial period (B) reestablish a republican form
of government in the United States (C) strengthen the national government's ability to
protect law and order (D) restore the national government's control over the economy (E)
expand democracy to poor and disfranchised citizens.
54. As a result of the Fifteenth, Nineteenth, and Twenty-sixth Amendments, the United
States government (A) limited suffrage to white, native-born citizens (B) strengthened its
commitment to the ideals of the Declaration of Independence (C) tried to increase
suffrage for literate citizens (D) drew closer to the original intent of the Constitution
regarding suffrage (E) tried to regulate America's social and political behavior.
55. During the 1950s and 1960s, which of the following amendments provided the basis
for court action to expand and protect civil rights for African-Americans? (A) Thirteenth
Amendment (B) Twenty-fourth Amendment (C) Eighteenth Amendment (D) Fourteenth
Amendment (E) Fifteenth Amendment.
56. The women's movements of the nineteenth century were united around the belief
that (A) black men's voting rights were more important than women's suffrage (B)
controlling the use of alcohol was the key to gaining full equality for women (C) men
were reliable allies in women's crusade for equality (D) civil disobedience and protest
were an effective means to achieve women's rights (E) gaining the right to vote was
critical to women's advancement in America.
57. A major split developed in the women's movement after the Civil War over (A) the
use of petition and convention to achieve women's goals of equality (B) women working
outside the home in jobs traditionally done by men (C) the interpretation of the Fifteenth
Amendment (D) creating a third party only for women (E) ignoring corruption in
government in order to gain support for women's suffrage.
58. The "Cult of Domesticity and True Womanhood" referred to women's (A) accepting
existing societal expectations for women (B) forming groups to make homes cheerful for
returning soldiers (C) promoting the image of strong individuals capable of maintaining
their households without any hired help (D) expanding their sphere of interest and
activities outside the home (E) accepting their role as educators for future generations of
citizens.
59. A common outcome in the Adams-Onis Treaty, the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
and the Treaty of Paris 1898 was that all three (A) ended wars with major European
powers (B) were settled without cash payments by the United States (C) resulted in
territorial acquisition for the United States (D) were rejected by the U.S. Senate (E)
promoted American isolationism toward Europe.
60. Both the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and the Southeast Asia Treaty
Organization were designed to (A) stop the spread of Communism (B) involve the United
Nations in preserving peace around the world (C) acquire spheres of influence in Asia for
the United States (D) keep Communism out of South America (E) promote closer ties
between the United States and Soviet Union.
61. The Treaty of Versailles was a unique agreement in U.S. history because it was the
only major treaty (A) that resulted in the acquisition of land for the United States (B) to
respectfully recognize Germany's rights in central Europe (C) promoted and accepted by
both political parties (D) rejected by the U.S. Senate (E) supported by the U.S. Senate but
rejected by the president.
62. The congressional Reconstruction plan proposed at the end of the Civil War found
little support among (A) former abolitionists (B) teachers in the Freedmen's Bureau (G)
former slaves (D) Thaddeus Stevens' supporters (E) states rights' supporters.
63. A major difference between presidential and congressional Reconstruction was that
(A) the presidential plan did not punish the South at all and the congressional plan did (B)
the congressional plan expanded the powers of the central government to protect the
rights of the former slaves and the presidential plan did not (C) the presidential plan
allowed the South to rejoin the Union with slavery unchanged and the congressional plan
required emancipation (D) the presidential plan provided for a Freedmen's Bureau and
the congressional plan did not propose a similar organization (E) the presidential plan
treated the South as a conquered territory and the congressional plan did not.
64. A major shortcoming of the congressional plan for Reconstruction was that it failed
to (A) grant black men the right to vote (B) put troops in the South after the war (C) end
slavery (D) give land to the former slaves (E) help blacks become citizens.
65. Booker T. Washington and Marcus Garvey shared a common belief that (A)
alliances with liberal whites would improve civil rights for blacks (B) blacks should
concentrate on economic progress to move toward equality (C) the only path to full
equality is agitation and confrontation (D) violence was a likely outcome in the struggle
for equality (E) urban blacks should lead the civil rights movement.
66. Martin Luther Ring Jr. could not accept Malcolm X's policy of (A) striving to
improve the lives of black Americans (B) agitation and challenge to the racial status quo
(C) emphasizing black pride and achievements (D) calling attention to black social and
political inequality (E) rejecting integration and white help.
67. W.E.B. Du Bois expected most of his supporters to be (A) black middle-class
professionals (B) southern black sharecroppers (C) black urban youth (D) African
businessmen (E) black craftsmen and tradesmen.
68. A common thread that ran through the Fair Deal, New Frontier, and Great Society
was (A) each was led by a Republican president (B) each occurred after the United States
completed a successful war (C) each tried to continue and expand New Deal reforms (D)
each relied on state governments to make societal changes (E) each involved strong
regulation of the railroad industry.
69. Which pair of twentieth-century reform movements was most effective in changing
America? (A) The New Deal and the Great Society (B) The Great Society and the New
Frontier (C) The New Deal and the Fair Deal (D) The Square Deal/New Freedom and the
Great Society (E) The New Frontier and the Square Deal/New Freedom.
70. In terms of actual accomplishments, which of these reform programs had the least
impact on American society? (A) New Deal (B) New Frontier (C) Fair Deal (D) Great
Society (E) Square Deal/New Freedom.
71. The issue that divided the isolationists and internationalists most deeply
immediately after the Great War (World War I) was whether the United States should (A)
make a permanent alliance with Great Britain (B) reduce spending on the military (C)
raise taxes to support foreign aid (D) accept membership in the League of Nations (E)
station troops in Europe.
72. Between 1919-1941, William Borah, Charles Lindbergh, and Gerald Nye all shared
the belief that (A) the U.S. should cease trading with most nations in the world (B)
European alliances would make America safer (C) England's security was vital to
America's security (D) the Great War had made the world safe for democracy (E)
America should avoid involving itself in European politics.
73. Internationalists between 1919 and 1941 strongly believed in (A) nonentangling
foreign alliances (B) collective security (C) reducing military spending (D) disarmament
and immigration restriction (E) cutting taxes.
74. During the First New Deal, Franklin Roosevelt believed (A) the National Recovery
Administration should nationalize the major industries (B) corporations that provided
public services must accept government regulations and limitations on their profits (C)
businessmen should be left alone to make as much money as possible (D) only the
banking system needed reforms and government regulations (E) the government must
cooperate with the business community to lift the country out of the Depression.
75. In the Second New Deal, the government's attitude toward wealthy Americans was
that (A) the gap between the wealthy and other classes should be narrowed through
taxing policy (B) rich people should be protected because their spending could stimulate
prosperity (C) the incomes of all Americans should be roughly equal (D) inherited wealth
hurt the country and prolonged the depression (E) the wealthy should pay the same taxes
as middle-class citizens
76. The primary goal of the First New Deal was to (A) control all aspects of the
American economic system (B) provide relief and recovery from the Depression (C)
break up the trusts that had formed since the Progressive era (D) establish cooperative
ownership of America's farms and businesses (E) make long-term reforms to America's
financial and business systems.
77. In terms of civil rights, Dwight Eisenhower and Richard Nixon shared a (A) desire
to achieve racial equality regardless of the political costs (B) desire to make civil rights a
weapon in fighting the Cold War (C) weak commitment toward civil rights (D) belief that
federal laws could change people's racial attitudes (E) desire to use civil rights to weaken
their Democratic opponents.
78. For John F. Kennedy, civil rights was an issue (A) of the highest moral priority
from the very beginning of his presidency (B) to be managed without political conflict
within his party (C) to be completely ignored until it required action (D) to be postponed
until he was re-elected (E) upon which to build a presidential legacy.
79. Lyndon Johnson's civil rights program was undermined by (A) opposition from
liberal Democrats and the Supreme Court (B) budget deficits and economic recession (C)
affirmative action and the Republican controlled Congress (D) domestic unrest and the
war in Vietnam (E) corruption in various civil rights Organizations.
80. During the late 1940s, the Truman administration implemented containment by (A)
sending combat soldiers to repel communist attacks (B) using air power and atomic
bombs to stop communism (C) using China as a diplomatic tool to contain communism
(D) sending economic aid to countries threatened by communism (E) using the Central
Intelligence Agency (CIA) to overthrow communist governments.
81. President Kennedy believed that America's containment policy should (A) rely on
many types of military force to block communism (B) abandon Vietnam since it was not
critical to American security (C) negotiate with Fidel Castro to weaken his alliance with
the Soviet Union (D) not be concerned about communism in the Third World (E) reverse
previous policies by directly attacking the Soviet Union.
82. President Nixon differed from his predecessors with a containment policy that (A)
used the CIA to spy on the Soviet Union (B) sent military and economic aid to allies in
Europe (C) used diplomacy with China as a means of containing the Soviet Union (D)
relied on nuclear weapons to maintain world peace (E) did not believe South Vietnam
was important in containing communism.
83. Presidents Eisenhower, Kennedy, and Johnson sent aid and troops to Vietnam
because they believed (A) Vietnam had been a long-term ally of the United States and
deserved support (B) the United States Congress supported Diem's reform policies (C)
Ho Chi Minh would abandon communism if confronted by American force (D) U.S.
assistance would keep both Vietnam and China free of communism (E) in the domino
theory and saw Vietnam as critical to containing communism.
84. Lyndon Johnson escalated the war in Vietnam because he (A) hoped to block
French colonialism in the region (B) feared the war's loss would hurt his domestic agenda
and America's credibility in the world (C) believed the Soviet Union was sending
thousands of troops to North Vietnam (D) believed U.S. assistance was the only way to
maintain Ngo Dinh Diem in power (E) believed the war would distract attention from
U.S. domestic turmoil.
85. A critical decision made by Dwight Eisenhower in Vietnam was to (A) select and
support Ngo Dinh Diem as an American ally (B) abandon the domino theory in South
East Asia (C) send 540,000 combat soldiers to fight in Vietnam (D) begin bombing North
Vietnam (E) begin withdrawing American troops after the Tet offensive.
86. One of the objectives of the Truman and Eisenhower Doctrines was to (A) save
China from communism (B) oust Fidel Castro from Cuba (C) conserve American foreign
aid and money (D) return America to a tradition of isolationism (E) contain communist
expansion.
87. The principal goal of the Monroe Doctrine was to (A) warn Europe against
colonizing in the Western Hemisphere (B) prevent the seizure of American shipping
during European wars (C) stop Britain from impressing U.S. sailors (D) block the spread
of democracy in South America (E) preserve natural resources in the Western
Hemisphere.
88. The Nixon Doctrine was a modification of the policy of (A) isolationism (B)
watchful waiting (C) containment (D) massive retaliation (E) flexible response.
89. Which of the following statements does the table above best support? (A)
Immigration remained at the same level from 1871 to 1920 (B) The period 1871-1880
witnessed the largest immigration of New Immigrants in the late nineteenth century (C)
Most immigrants came from Italy and Germany (D) Between 1911 and 1920
approximately 3 million immigrants came from England, Ireland, and Germany (E) The
period 1891-1900 was the first decade in the late nineteenth century in which the number
of New Immigrants exceeded the number of Old Immigrants
90. The colonists who ultimately embraced the vision of America as an independent
nation had in common all of the following characteristics EXCEPT (A) the desire to
create an agricultural society (B) learning to live lives unfettered by the tyrannies of royal
authority (C) learning to live lives unfettered by the tyrannies of official religion (D) an
unwillingness to subjugate others (E) learning to live lives unfettered by the tyrannies of
social hierarchies.
91. What is the viewpoint expressed in the above cartoon? (A) The United States
rejected the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine. (B) Under Roosevelt the United
States allowed European nations to take part in the colonization of South America. (C)
Roosevelt brought the Caribbean under the control of the United States. (D) Roosevelt
was protecting the Caribbean nations from U.S. intervention. (E) The United States in the
early twentieth century began removing its military control of the Caribbean.
92. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the table above? (A) By the
nineteenth century, slave importation had significantly declined. (B) Brazil imported
more slaves in the seventeenth century than the other areas in the New World combined.
(C) No other New World area experienced a greater increase in slave imports from the
seventeenth to the eighteenth century than the Danish Caribbean. (D) British North
America and the United States represented the smallest percentage of slave imports from
the seventeenth to the eighteenth century. (E) The Caribbean represented the most
significant percentage of slave imports in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.
93. By the 1770s which of the following issues helped bring about a crisis of imperial
authority? (A) trade restrictions (B) slavery (C) few colonists clung to any hope of
accommodation with Great Britain (D) the coronation of a new king (E) the rise to power
of radical patriots in the American colonies.
94. The settlement founded in the early 1600s that was the most important for the future
United States was (A) Santa Fe (B) Quebec (C) Jamestown (D) Massachusetts Bay (E)
Saint Augustine.
95. Religious revivals of the Second Great Awakening resulted in (A) little increase in
church membership (B) a strong religious influence in many areas of American life (C)
surprisingly few humanitarian reforms (D) greater attention to church history and
doctrine (E) improved conditions for indentured servants.
96. The greatest of the revival preachers of the Second Great Awakening was (A)
Joseph Smith (B) Horace Greeley (C) Carl Schurz (D) Charles G. Finney (E) Angelina
Grimke.
97. New England reformer Dorothea Dix is most notable for her efforts on behalf of
(A) prison and asylum reform (B) the peace movement (C) the temperance movement
(D) abolitionism (E) women's education.
98. By the 1850s the crusade for women's rights was eclipsed by (A) the temperance
movement (B) the "Lucy Stoners" (C) abolitionism (D) prison reform advocates (E)
evangelical revivalism.
99. The Oneida Community declined due to (A) widespread criticism of its sexual
practices (B) the loss of the colony's property to the government (C) their adoption of
communism (D) its inability to pay state and federal taxes (E) its move from New York
to California.
100. The Hudson River School excelled in the art of painting (A) portraits (B) classical
frescoes (C) still life (D) daguerreotypes (E) landscapes.
101. Civil Disobedience, an essay that later influenced both Mahatma Gandhi and Martin
Luther King, Jr. was written by the transcendentalist (A) Louisa May Alcott (B) Ralph
Waldo Emerson (C) James Fenimore Cooper (D) Margaret Fuller (E) Henry David
Thoreau.
102. One of the major tests the new nation passed was when (A) we elected our first
president (B) we avoided being drawn into the wars in Europe (C) we dealt fairly with the
Native Americans (D) an alliance was formed with Britain (E) power was transferred
peacefully from the Federalists to the Jeffersonians.
103. As part of the egalitarian movement of the American Revolution, (A) several
northern states abolished slavery (B) most states outlawed the overseas trade in
indentured servants (C) many states repealed laws against interracial marriage (D) some
southern states passed legislation providing for the gradual abolition of slavery (E) laws
against interracial marriage were eliminated.
104. As a result of the Revolution's emphasis on equality, all of the following were
achieved EXCEPT (A) the reduction of property qualifications for voting by most states
(B) the growth of trade organizations for artisans and laborers (C) the establishment of
the world's first antislavery society (D) full equality between white
women and men (E) abolishing medieval inheritance laws.
105. The Articles of Confederation were finally approved when (A) agreement was
reached on who would be president (B) states gave up their right to coin money (C) all
states claiming western lands surrendered them to the national government (D) the states
gave up their power to establish tariffs (E) a two-house national legislature was added.
106. Shays's Rebellion was provoked by (A) fears that the Articles of Confederation had
created too strong a national government for the United States (B) efforts by wealthy
merchants to replace the Articles of Confederation with a new constitution (C) a quarrel
over the boundary between Massachusetts and Vermont (D) foreclosures on the
mortgages of backcountry farmers (E) the government's failure to pay bonuses to
Revolutionary War veterans.
107. The Great Compromise at the Constitutional Convention worked out an acceptable
scheme for (A) regulating commerce (B) levying taxes (C) apportioning congressional
representation (D) electing the president (E) choosing senators.
108. The Constitutional Convention addressed the North-South controversy over slavery
through the (A) "large-state plan" (B) "small-state plan" (C) "three-fifths" compromise
(D) closing of the slave trade until 1808 (E) Northwest Ordinance.
109. In 1932 Franklin Roosevelt campaigned on the promise that as president he would
attack the Great Depression by (A) nationalizing all banks and major industries (B)
mobilizing America's youth as in wartime (C) returning to the traditional policies of
laissez-faire capitalism (D) continuing the policies already undertaken by President
Hoover (E) experimenting with bold new programs for economic and social reform.
110. The Glass-Steagall Act (A) took the United States off the gold standard (B)
empowered President Roosevelt to close all banks temporarily (C) created the Securities
and Exchange Commission to regulate the stock exchange (D) permitted commercial
banks to , engage in Wall Street financial dealings (E) created the Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation to insure individual bank deposits.
The West and Northwest 1819-1824
111. The map above shows that in the period 1819 to 1824 (A) the British controlled
nearly all of North America except Mexico (B) Russia, Britain, and the United States all
laid claim to the Oregon Country (C) Mexico won its independence (D) Spain lost all of
its colonial possessions in the New World (E) U.S. territorial possessions ended at the
Mississippi River.
112. In order to persuade the Border States to remain in the Union, President Lincoln (A)
relied solely on moral appeal (B) used only totally legal methods (C) guaranteed that they
could keep slavery permanently (D) never had to use troops (E) declared martial law
where needed.
113. As the Civil War began, the South seemed to have the advantage of (A) greater
ability to wage offensive warfare (B) more talented military leaders (C) superior
industrial capabilities (D) superior transportation facilities (E) a more united public
opinion.
114. A supposed asset for the South at the beginning of the Civil War that never
materialized to its real advantage was (A) effective military leadership (B) intervention
from Britain and France (C) the fighting skill of Southern males (D) its ability to fight on
its own soil (E) its belief that it was defending its way of life.
115. Match each early-twentieth-century muckraker below with the target of his or her
expose,
a. David G. Phillips
b. Ida Tarbell
c. Lincoln Steffens
d. Ray Stannard Baker
(A) a-1, b-2, c-3, d-4
(B) a-4, b-2, c-3, d-1
(C) a-3, b-1, c-2, d-4
(D) a-3, b-2, c-4, d-1
(E) a-1, b-4, c-2, d-3
1. the United States Senate
2. the Standard Oil Company
3. city governments
4. the condition of blacks
116. In Muller v. Oregon, the Supreme Court upheld the principle promoted by
progressives like Florence Kelley and Louis Brandeis that (A) child labor under the age
of fourteen should be prohibited (B) the federal government should regulate occupational
safety and health (C) factory labor should be limited to ten hours a day five days a week
(D) female workers should receive equal pay for equal work (E) female workers required
special rules and protection on the job.
117. Teddy Roosevelt helped to end the 1902 strike in the anthracite coal r mines by (A)
using the military to force the miners back to work (B) passing legislation making the
miners' union illegal (C) helping the mine owners to import strike-breakers (D) appealing
to mine owners' and workers' sense of the public interest (E) threatening to seize the
mines and to operate them with federal troops.
118. Japanese-Americans were placed in concentration camps during World War II (A)
due to numerous acts of sabotage (B) in retaliation for the placement of Americans in
concentration camps by the Japanese (C) as a result of anti-Japanese prejudice and fear
(D) because many were loyal to Japan (E) to prevent them from leaving the United States
to help Japan in the war.
119. President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill announced at their wartime
conference in Casablanca that their principal war aim was to (A) destroy the last
remnants of European imperialism (B) promote the national independence of all
European nations (C) contain the postwar power of the Soviet Union (D) force the
unconditional surrender of both Germany and Japan (E) create an effective postwar
Atlantic alliance.
120. African-Americans did all of the following during World War II EXCEPT (A) fight
in integrated combat units (B) rally behind the slogan "Double V" (victory over dictators
abroad and racism at home) (C) move to the North and West in large numbers (D) form a
militant organization called the Congress of Racial Equality (E) serve in the Army Air
Corps.
121. The "New Right" movement that helped to elect Ronald Reagan was spearheaded
by (A) fiscal conservatives (B) evangelical Christians (C) gold-standard advocates (D)
midwesterners (E) neoconservatives.
122. The Democrats' hopes for the 1988 election rose sharply because of major scandals
in the Reagan administration involving (A) bribes involving business deals in the Soviet
Union (B) election frau (C) the Iran-Contra affair and savings-and-loan banks (D)
kickbacks for oil leases on federal lands (E) payoffs for U.S. hostages and campaign
contributions from foreign corporations.
123. Nativists in the 1850s were known for their (A) support of Native Americans (B)
support of slavery (C) opposition to old-stock Protestants (D) anti-Catholic and
antiforeign attitudes (E) opposition to alcohol and Sabbath-breaking.
124. The panic of 1857 resulted in (A) a demand to end the government policy of giving
away farmland (B) the extension of slavery to the territories (C) price supports for
farmers (D) calls for restrictions on land and stock speculation (E) clamor for a higher
tariff.
125. The long-range purpose of the Albany Congress in 1754 was to (A) achieve
colonial unity and common defense against the French threat (B) propose independence
of the colonies from Britain (C) declare war on the Iroquois tribe (D) prohibit New
England and New York from trading with the French West Indies (E) gain peace with
France.
126. In the wake of the Proclamation of 1763 (A) American colonists obeyed the law
they hated (B) relations with France improved (C) relations between the American
colonies and the British government improved (D) the American colonies believed their
destiny had been destroyed (E) American colonists moved west, defying the
Proclamation.
127. Teddy Roosevelt's New Nationalism (A) pinned its economic faith on competition
(B) opposed consolidation of labor unions ' (C) favored the free functioning of
unregulated and unmonopolized markets (D) supported a broad program of social welfare
(E) favored state rather than federal government activism.
128. Woodrow Wilson's political philosophy included all of the following EXCEPT (A)
faith in the masses (B) scorn for the ideal of self-determination for minority peoples in
other countries (C) a belief that the president should provide leadership for Congress (D)
a belief that the president should appeal over the heads of legislators to the sovereign
people (E) a belief in the moral essence of politics.
129. One weapon that was used to put Boss Tweed, leader of New York City's infamous
Tweed Ring, in jail was (A) the cartoons of the political satirist Thomas Nast (B) federal
income tax evasion charges (C) the RICO racketeering act (D) New York City's ethics
laws (E) granting immunity to Tweed's cronies in exchange for testimony.
130. During the Gilded Age, the Democrats and the Republicans (A) had few significant
economic differences (B) agreed on currency policy but not on the tariff (C) were
separated by substantial differences in economic policy (D) held similar views on all
economic issues except for civil-service reform (E) were divided over silver versus gold
currency.
131. The Compromise of 1877 resulted in (A) a renewal of the Republican
commitment to protect black civil rights in the South (B) the withdrawal of federal troops
from the South (C) the election of a Democrat to the presidency (D) passage of the
Bland-Allison Silver Purchase Act (E) a plan to build the first transcontinental railroad.
132. In the 1896 case of Plessy v. Ferguson, the Supreme Court ruled that (A) AfricanAmericans could be denied the right to vote (B) segregation was unconstitutional (C)
"separate but equal" facilities were constitutional (D) the Fourteenth Amendment did not
apply to African-Americans (E) literacy tests for voting were constitutional.
133. The House of Representatives decided the 1824 presidential election when (A) no
candidate received a majority of the vote in the Electoral College (B) William Crawford
suffered a stroke and was forced to drop out of the race (C) the House was forced to do so
by "King Caucus" (D) Henry Clay, as Speaker of the House, made the request (E)
widespread voter fraud was discovered.
134. The purpose behind the spoils system was (A) to press those with experience into
governmental service (B) to make politics a sideline and not a full-time business (C) to
reward political supporters with public office (D) to reverse the trend of rotation in office
(E) the widespread encouragement of a bureaucratic office-holding class.
135. The Force Bill of 1833 provided that (A) the Congress could use the military for
Indian removal (B) the Congress could employ the navy to stop smuggling (C) the
president could use the army to collect excise taxes (D) the military could force citizens
to track down runaway slaves (E) the President could use the army and navy to collect
federal tariff duties.
136. U.S. naval captain Alfred Thayer Mahan argued that (A) free trade was essential to
a nation's economic health (B) control of the sea was the key to i world domination by the
United States (C) the United States should continue its policy of isolationism (D) an
isthmian canal between the Atlantic and the Pacific was impossible (E) the United States
should construct a fleet of battleships.
137. The Teller Amendment (A) guaranteed the independence of Cuba (B) made Cuba
an American possession (C) directed President McKinley to order American troops into
Cuba (D) appropriated funds to combat yellow fever in Cuba (E) granted the United
States a base at Guantanamo Bay.
138. The political cartoon above (A) expresses the view that U.S. colonies such as Cuba
were angered by U.S. territorial expansion in the early nineteenth century (B) indicates
that President McKinley was more than willing to engage in territorial expansion (C) is
an attempt to provide justification for U.S. imperialism following World War I (D) shows
President McKinley's displeasure in establishing a U.S. international empire. (E) provides
evidence that the U.S. repudiated imperialism in the late nineteenth century.
139. American military forces entered Vietnam in order to (A) gain eventual control of
North Vietnam (B) help to stage a coup against Ngo Dinh Diem (C) prevent Ngo Dinh
Diem's regime from falling to the communists (D) keep South Vietnam from falling 3 to
the communists until after the 1964 election (E) promote democratic reforms in South
Vietnam.
140. When the Soviet Union attempted to install nuclear weapons in Cuba, President
Kennedy ordered (A) the installation of nuclear, weapons in Turkey (B) surgical air
strikes against the missile sites (C) the invasion of Cuba at the Bay of Pigs (D)
resumption of atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons (E) a naval quarantine of that
island.
141. The landmark Civil Rights Act of 1964 accomplished all of the following EXCEPT
(A) creation of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (B) prohibiting
discrimination based on gender(C) banning sexual as well as racial discrimination (D)
banning racial discrimination in most private facilities open to the public (E) requiring
"affirmative action" against discrimination.
142. The influx of immigrants to the United States tripled, then quadrupled, in the (A)
1810s and 1820s (B) 1820s and 1830s (C) 1830s and 1840s (D) 1840s and 1850s (E)
1860s and 1870s.
143. As a result of the development of the cotton gin, (A) slavery revived and expanded
(B) American industry bought more southern cotton than did British manufacturers
(C) a nationwide depression ensued (D) the South diversified its economy (E) the textile
industry moved to the South.
144. In the case of Commonwealth v. Hunt the supreme court of Massachusetts ruled that
(A) corporations were unconstitutional (B) labor unions were legal (C) labor strikes were
illegal (D) the Boston Associates' employment of young women in their factories was
inhumane (E) the state could regulate factory wages and working conditions.
145. The "cult of domesticity" (A) gave women more opportunity to seek employment
outside the home (B) resulted in more pregnancies for women (C) restricted women's
moral influence on the family (D) glorified the traditional role of women as homemakers
(E) was especially strong among rural women.
146. One argument against annexing Texas to the United States was that the annexation
(A) could involve the country in a series of ruinous wars in America and Europe (B)
might give more power to the supporters of slavery (C) was not supported by the people
of Texas (D) offered little of value to America (E) would lead to tensions and , possible
war with Mexico.
147. The nomination of James K. Polk as the Democrats' 1844 presidential candidate
was secured by (A) expansionists (B) anti-Texas southerners (C) Henry Clay (D) eastern
business interests (E) proslavery forces.
148. Passage of the Neutrality Acts of 1935, 1936, and 1937 by the United States
resulted in all of the following EXCEPT (A) abandonment of the traditional policy of
freedom of the seas (B) a decline in the navy and other armed forces (C) making no
distinction whatever between aggressors and victims (D) spurring aggressors along their
path of conquest (E) balancing the scales between dictators and U.S. allies by trading
with neither.
149. Which of the following does NOT accurately reflect a U.S. foreign policy position
in the twentieth century? (A) The United States attempted to maintain a policy of
neutrality on the eve of World War I. (B) The United States embarked on a policy of
isolationism in the post-World War II period. (C) The United States sought to , contain
the spread of communism in the post-World War II period. (D) The United States was
concerned that European nations might attempt to colonize the Caribbean in the 1930s.
(E) The United States quarantined Cuba to prevent the Soviets from delivering nuclear
missiles to that nation.
150. Republican economic policies under Warren G. Harding (A) sought to continue the
same laissez-faire doctrine as had been the practice under William McKinley (B) hoped
to encourage the government to guide business along the path to profits (C) worked to get
standpatters out of administration bureaus (D) aimed at supporting increased competition
in business (E) aided small business at the expense of big business.
151. The 1928 Kellogg-Briand Pact (A) formally ended World War I for the United
States, which had refused to sign the Treaty of Versailles (B) set a schedule for German
payment of war reparations (C) established a battleship ratio for the leading naval powers
(D) condemned Japan for its unprovoked attack on Manchuria (E) outlawed war as a
solution to international rivalry.
152. One of the major problems facing farmers in the 1920s was (A) overproduction (B)
the inability to purchase modern farm equipment (C) passage of the McNary-Haugen Bill
(D) the prosecution of cooperatives under antitrust laws (E) drought and insects like the
boll weevil.
153. The Progressive party did not do well in the 1924 election because (A) it could not
win the farm vote (B) too many people shared in prosperity to care about reform (C) it
was too caught up in internal discord (D) the liberal vote was split between it and the
Democratic party (E) La Follette could not win the Socialists' endorsement.
154. As a result of the Hawley-Smoot Tariff of 1930, (A) American industry grew more
secure (B) duties on agricultural products decreased (C) American economic isolationism
ended (D) campaign promises to labor were fulfilled (E) the worldwide depression
deepened.
155. The controversy surrounding the Wade-Davis Bill and the readmission of the
Confederate states to the Union demonstrated (A) the deep differences between President
Lincoln and Congress (B) the close ties that were developing between President Lincoln
and the Democrats (C) President Lincoln's desire for a harsh Reconstruction plan (D) that
a congressional majority believed that the South had never legally left the Union (E) the
Republicans' fear of readmitting Confederate leaders to Congress.
156. For congressional Republicans, one of the most troubling aspects of the Southern
states' restoration to the Union was that (A) the South would be stronger than ever in
national politics (B) inexperienced Southern politicians would be elected (C) blacks
might actually gain election to the U.S. Congress (D) a high tariff might be reinstituted
(E) slavery might be reestablished.
157. Black leader Dr. W. E. B. Du Bois (A) demanded complete equality for AfricanAmericans (B) established an industrial school at Tuskegee, Alabama (C) supported the
goals of Booker T. Washington (D) was an ex-slave who rose to fame (E) sought to
resettle blacks in Africa and the Caribbean.
158. Labor unions favored immigration restriction because most immigrants were all of
the following EXCEPT (A) opposed to factory labor (B) used as strikebreakers (C)
willing to work for lower wages (D) difficult to unionize (E) non-English speaking.
159. Disillusioned by war and peace, Americans in the 1920s did all of the following
EXCEPT (A) denounce "radical" foreign ideas (B) condemn "un-American" lifestyles
(C) enter a decade of economic difficulties (D) shun diplomatic commitments to
foreign countries (E) restrict immigration.
160. The Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s was a reaction against (A) capitalism (B) new
immigration laws passed in 1924 (C) the nativist movements that had their origins in the
1850s (D) race riots (E) the forces of diversity and modernity that were transforming
American culture.
161. The 1920 census revealed that for the first time most (A) men worked in
manufacturing (B) adult women were employed outside the home (C) Americans lived in
cities (D) Americans lived in the trans- Mississippi West (E) families had fewer than four
Children.
162. The Taft-Hartley Act delivered a major blow to labor by (A) outlawing strikes by
public employees (B) creating a serious inflationary spiral (C) banning labor's political
action committees (D) outlawing the "closed" (all-union) shops (E) forbidding union
organizers to enter workplaces.
163. In an effort to forestall an economic downturn, the Truman administration did all of
the following EXCEPT (A) create the President's Council of Economic Advisers (B) sell
war factories and other government installations to private businesses at very low prices
(C) pass the Employment Act, which made it government policy to promote maximum
employment production, and purchasing power (D) pass the Servicemen's
Readjustment Act, known as the GI Bill of Rights (E) continue wartime wage and price
controls.
164. In the 1950s, the work force began to change when (A) white-collar workers
outnumbered blue-collar workers (B) unskilled workers outnumbered any other group (C)
union membership exceeded fifty percent of all workers (D) women held more than sixty
percent of all jobs (E) the average age of workers dropped under forty.
165. Soviet specialist George F. Kennan framed a coherent approach for America in the
Cold War by advising a policy of (A) detente (B) appeasement (C) containment (D)
limited war (E) negotiation.
166. President Truman's Marshall Plan called for (A) military aid for Europe (B)
substantial financial assistance to rebuild Western Europe (C) economic aid for Japan (D)
foreign aid for Third World countries to resist communism (E) an alliance to contain the
Soviet Union.
167. At the peace conference at Ghent, the British began to withdraw many of its earlier
demands for all of the following reasons EXCEPT (A) reverses in upper New York (B) a
loss at Baltimore (C) increasing war weariness in Britain (D) concern about the stilldangerous France (E) the American victory at New Orleans.
168. The resolutions from the Hartford Convention (A) helped to cause the death of the
Federalist party (B) resulted in the resurgence of states' rights (C) called for southern
secession from the union (D) supported use of state militias against the British (E) called
for the West to join the War of 1812.
169. All of the following were results of the Missouri Compromise EXCEPT (A)
extremists in both the North and South were not satisfied (B) Missouri entered the Union
as a slave state (C) Maine entered the Union as a free state (D) sectionalism was reduced
(E) the balance between the North and South was kept even.
1700. In interpreting the Constitution, John Marshall (A) favored "loose construction"
(B) supported "strict construction" (C) supported an unchanging document (D) advocated
state control of interstate commerce (E) set few precedents.
171. Which of the following best describes the impact European colonization had on the
Western Hemisphere's native population? (A) The native population was highly respected
in terms of territorial possessions and religious beliefs. (B) The Europeans for the most
part did not interact with the native population. (C) Spain was the only European country
to successfully create an alliance with the native population. (D) Spain worked in
conjunction with the Aztecs and Incas to harvest South America's resources. (E) Native
populations were often killed off or driven away by the Europeans.
172. Which of the following imperial powers originally settled the Hudson River Valley?
(A) Holland (B) England (C) France (D) Sweden (E) Portugal.
173. The colony of Georgia was (A) comparatively the most democratic English colony
(B) established by Spain in order to protect its colony of Florida (C) established by
England as a penal colony (D) organized by English Catholics who had been persecuted
by the Anglican Church (E) eventually ceded to Spain in return for Florida.
174. Which English colony was established by proprietors that also had investments in
the slave trade and therefore introduced slavery to their colony? (A) New York (B)
Pennsylvania (C) Virginia (D) The Carolinas (E) Maryland.
175. The Duke of Baltimore established the colony of Maryland (A) as an opportunity to
invest in that colony's maritime industry (B) in order to prevent France from seizing that
territory (C) as a haven for persecuted English Catholics (D) for Quakers who had been
evicted from Pennsylvania (E) after failing to colonize the Carolinas.
176. French immigrants to the New World tended to inhabit (A) Canada (B) Florida (C)
territory east of the Appalachian Mountains (D) southern colonies (E) the Middle Atlantic
colonies.
177. As the founder of Rhode Island, Roger Williams (A) established religious freedom
for Jews and Catholics (B) supported freedom of religion for the Huguenots (C)
established complete religious freedom for all of the colony's settlers (D) established
mandatory church attendance (E) abolished religious practices throughout the colony.
178. Which of the following stunted the physical growth of the English colony of New
York? (A) Most settlers refused to recognize the Anglican Church. (B) Native Americans
laid claim to all of New York. (C) New York relied almost exclusively on imports from
Britain. (D) Few colonists wanted to settle in the western part of the colony. (E)
Aristocrats controlled vast tracts of land.
179. Which of the following sought to exploit the lucrative fur trade in North America?
(A) the French (B) the British (C) the French and Dutch (D) the Portuguese (E) the
Spanish and the French.
180. John Winthrop is associated with which colony? (A) New Amsterdam (B)
Massachusetts Bay Colony (C) Jamestown (D) Quebec (E) Pennsylvania.
181. A major goal of the French in wanting to maintain control over the Ohio Valley was
to (A) prevent attacks by Native Americans on their forts and outposts (B) eventually
expand into Canada (C) merge its landholdings from Canada to the Mississippi Valley
(D) exploit the lumber trade (E) prevent Spain from taking control of the Mississippi
River.
182. The most immediate objective of the Albany Congress was to (A) bring to an end
the French and Indian War (B) unite French and American settlers in order to defeat
hostile Native American tribes (C) convince American colonists to boycott British-made
goods (D) end hostilities between Native Americans and French settlers in the Ohio
Valley (E) improve relations with the Iroquois tribes.
187. The primary goal of the Hat Act, Iron Act, and Wool Act was to (A) subordinate
American capitalism to British capitalism (B) increase production levels of these items in
the colonies (C) prevent British manufacturers from shipping raw materials to America
(D) raise revenue to pay for the salaries of British officials serving in the American
colonies (E) raise enough money for American militias to effectively fight the French.
188. As a result of the British victory in the French and Indian War (A) relations
between French and Americans colonists improved dramatically (B) France was able to
hold on to Canada but lost the rest of its North American empire (C) the Americans and
British developed a mutual respect for each other's military abilities (D) Britain returned
the lower Mississippi Valley to Spain (E) none of the above.
189. Under Britain's mercantilist policy (A) Britain and the other imperialist powers
worked out a trade agreement that would prevent conflict (B) the colonies were expected
to export more finished goods than they imported (C) trade restrictions on the colonies
were forbidden (D) the colonies were expected to supply Great Britain with raw
materials (E) the colonies enjoyed considerable political and economic growth.
190. Prior to the 1760s, Britain's Navigation Acts (A) were effective in raising enormous
revenue for the Crown (B) prevented the American colonies from shipping raw materials
to Great Britain (C) were only loosely enforced in the American colonies (D)
successfully ended smuggling in the American colonies (E) none of the above.
191. The Declaration of Rights (adapted from the Suffolk Resolves by the delegates to
the First Continental Congress) declared the _____ null and void. (A) Tea tax (B)
Declaratory Acts (C) Intolerable Acts (D) Quartering Act (E) Navigation Laws.
192. All of the following are correct regarding the Quebec Act EXCEPT (A) it was
warmly accepted by American colonists as a way of building a closer relationship with
French colonists (B) Catholicism was accepted as the official religion of French Quebec
(C) Americans were suspicious that the non-representative assembly established in
Quebec would set a precedent for British rule in the American colonies (D) Americans
were angry that Quebec's territory was extended to the Ohio River (E) it was an attempt
to incorporate the French Canadians into the British North American Empire.
193. Conservative delegates to the First Continental Congress (A) sought immediate
independence from British control (B) favored using violence and intimidation to
convince the British to grant the Americans their independence (C) generally were from
the New England states (D) supported the Galloway plan (E) argued that the colonies had
no legal right to representation.
194. Which one of the following was a major success of the Articles of Confederation?
(A) They ended the French and Indian War. (B) They led to the creation of a powerful
U.S. military. (C) They paved the way for closer economic ties with Great Britain. (D)
They devised land policies that would allow for the systematic incorporation of new
states. (E) They resolved the dispute over the powers of the central government and the
powers of the states.
195. Of the following list of political leaders, which one was strongly opposed to the
plan of government created by the delegates at the Philadelphia convention? (A) Patrick
Henry (B) George Washington (C) James Madison (D) Benjamin Franklin (E) Alexander
Hamilton.
196. Which of the following was NOT a feature of the Articles of Confederation? (A)
They called for a bicameral legislature. (B) Unanimity was required to amend the AOC.
(C) Nine of thirteen states were required to pass legislation. (D) There was no national
court system. (E) Each state had one vote in Congress.
197. Shays's Rebellion (A) convinced many political leaders of the destructive
consequences of a strong central government (B) was eventually suppressed when the
federal government sent troops to Massachusetts (C) convinced some political leaders of
the necessity of giving more power to the central government (D) came about when
American settlers clashed with the British over western land claims (E) was organized by
the Antifederalists who sought to prevent ratification of the Constitution.
198. Which important controversy was resolved by the Great (or Connecticut)
Compromise? (A) Western land claims (B) representation in Congress (C) no national
currency (D) no national military (E) weak judicial branch.
199. Powers granted to the federal government under the U.S. Constitution are expressed
as (A) enumerated powers (B) checks and balances (C) reserved powers (D) executive
powers (E) unicameral legislature.
200. All of the following are true regarding the Antifederalists EXCEPT (A) their
important leaders included John Hancock and Patrick Henry (B) their political support
came mostly from backcountry and agricultural areas (C) debtors were supporters of the
Antifederalists (D) they were opposed to a strong central government (E) they maintained
that there was no need for a bill of rights.
201. The Federalist Papers (A) were written by opponents of the Constitution, who
feared that a tyrannical government would be a consequence of ratification (B) were the
intellectual ideas that shaped the creation of the AOC (C) were written by those who
advocated maintaining the AOC (D) claimed that under the AOC the states had too much
power compared with the central government (E) attempted to calm the anxieties many
had about the powers granted to the central government under the Constitution.
202. North Carolina refused to ratify the Constitution (A) because the government under
the AOC had not yet determined the status of its western land claims . (B) until Congress
imposed a boycott on the state (C) until the government removed British forts from its
western frontier (D) unless a bill of rights would eventually be added (E) until it was
ratified by the other southern states.
203. Which one of the following did NOT serve in George Washington's administration?
(A) Thomas Jefferson (B) Alexander Hamilton (C) John Adams (D) John Marshall (E)
Henry Knox.
204. In the Report on Manufactures (A) Hamilton sought to promote the agrarian sector
of the economy (B) Hamilton and Jefferson promoted an excise tax (C) Jefferson argued
that the nation should develop its infrastructure (D) Hamilton maintained that a small
government would be more efficient (E) Hamilton supported policies that would protect
American industry from foreign competition.
205. The first chief justice of the U.S. Supreme Court was (A) John Marshall (B) John
Jay (C) Thomas Paine (D) Edmond Genet (E) Thomas Pinckney.
206. The compromise that led to the Assumption Bill involved southerners accepting
Hamilton's economic program in return for (A) an end to the protective tariff (B)
legalizing the slave trade (C) relocating the nation's capitol to the South (D) purchasing
the Louisiana Territory (E) shrinking the military budget.
207. The Twelfth Amendment to the Constitution (A) abolished slavery (B) led to the
creation of the judicial branch (C) gave to the federal government the authority to create a
national bank (D) prevented a president from seeking a third term (E) required that
presidential and vice presidential candidates be from the same party.
208. Which one of the following represents an improvement in French-American
relations? (A) the Milan Decree (B) the Orders in Council (C) the XYZ affair (D) the
Convention of 1800 (E) the Berlin Decree.
209. In his more than thirty years as a Supreme Court justice, John Marshall (A)
strengthened the powers of the states in relation to the federal government (B) ruled time
and again in support of the compact theory of government (C) ruled that the Supreme
Court could not overturn a decision handed down by a state Supreme Court (D) blocked
state regulations that limited property rights (E) upheld the constitutionality of
monopolies.
210. In which Supreme Court case was the concept of judicial review established? (A)
Marbury v. Madison (B) Dartmouth College v. Woodward (C) McCulloch v. Maryland
(D) Gibbons v. Odgen (E) Fletcher v. Peck.
211. The concept of judicial review means that (A) the executive branch can veto
legislation (B) the president has the final say in all decisions of the judicial branch (C) the
courts have the power to determine the constitutionality of laws (D) the Supreme Court is
required to review all bills passed by Congress (E) a state court can overturn a decision
by the Supreme Court if it believes doing so would be in the state's best interest
212. Pinckney's Treaty resulted in all of the following EXCEPT (A) it improved
Spanish-American relations (B) it gave the Americans the right of deposit in New
Orleans (C) it gave to the United States Spain's Caribbean islands in return for American
aid (D) it settled the Florida boundary dispute (E) Spain agreed to cease inciting Native
American tribes against the Americans.
213. Which of the following was NOT in favor of U.S. territorial expansion in the first
half of the nineteenth century? (A) farmers (B) manufacturers (C) investors (D)
abolitionists (E) religious leaders.
214. The term Manifest Destiny implies (A) a desire to limit the territorial expansion of
the United States (B) that the cost of expansion is greater than its benefits (C) that it was
America's God-given right to expand (D) that nations should share newly discovered
resources rather than fight over them (E) that taking land from others was a violation of
God's will.
215. The United States purchased the Louisiana Territory from (A) Mexico (B) Britain
(C) Spain (D) Russia (E) France.
216. The Gadsden Purchase (A) allowed the United States to build a southern
transcontinental railroad (B) was territory in the West where the Cherokee were relocated
(C) allowed the United States to extend its northern border with Canada to the Pacific
Ocean (D) was vetoed by President Polk (E) gave the United States access to the Oregon
Territory.
217. The war hawks (A) were led by John Adams (B) were opponents of territorial
expansion (C) were U.S. congressmen who represented the New England states (D)
supported going to war against Britain in the early nineteenth century (E) was a Native
American tribe who fought against U.S. territorial expansion.
219. The Hartford Convention (A) ended the War of 1812 (B) was organized by the
Federalist opposition to the war with Britain (C) included some of the most important
leaders of the Democratic-Republican party (D) was organized to oppose territorial
expansion (E) made way for Texas's admission into the Union.
220. The Battle of New Orleans (A) was a major U.S. victory over Mexico (B)
convinced the British to agree to peace terms that ended the War of 1812 (C) was fought
after the peace treaty ending the War of 1812 was signed (D) was a major Mexican
victory over the Texans (E) was a major U.S. naval victory in the War of 1812.
221. "Fifty-four forty or fight" refers to (A) the Federalists' opposition to the war with
Britain (B) the amount of money Mexico demanded from the United States in return for
allowing it to annex Texas (C) the boundary dispute between the United States and
Mexico (D) the war hawks' demand for concessions from the British for violating
American neutrality rights (E) the dispute between Britain and the United States over the
Oregon Territory.
222. Which of the following decisions by the Mexican government angered Americans
who settled in Texas? (A) The Americans were required to pay enormous taxes to the
Mexican government. (B) The Mexicans forbade the Americans from farming on the
most fertile land. (C) The Mexicans forbade the American settlers from trading with the
United States. (D) The American settlers were prohibited from becoming citizens
of Mexico. (E) The Mexicans abolished slavery.
223. The Supreme Court ruled in Worcester v. Georgia that (A) Native American tribal
land could not be purchased by the state of Georgia (B) Georgia must grant citizenship
rights to the Cherokees living within its borders (C) the Cherokees could not sue the state
of Georgia in federal court (D) Georgia's state laws had no authority within Cherokee
territory (E) Georgia had a responsibility for the care of the Cherokees living within its
borders.
224. The spoils system (A) was condemned by Jackson and his supporters for being
undemocratic (B) prevented women, Native Americans, and blacks from voting (C) was a
derisive term used by opponents of the Tariff of 1828 (D) is a term that is synonymous
with rotation in office (E) was a corrupt bargain made by the opponents of Jackson that
prevented him from winning the presidency in 1824.
225. The origins of the Age of Reform can be found in all of the following EXCEPT (A)
the defeat of the South and slavery in the Civil War (B) the democratic influences of the
American Revolution (C) the Jeffersonian Democratic-Republicans (D) the
Antifederalists of the 1780s and 1790s (E) the profound social and economic changes and
conditions of the early nineteenth century.
226. The "kitchen cabinet" (A) was the name given to Jackson's political opponents (B)
was a derisive term for men who advocated for women's rights (C) was a term used to
attack critics of Jackson's position on the Bank (D) were those who settled on land for
which they no longer held a lease (E) was the nickname of Jackson's unofficial advisors.
227. Jackson's Maysville Road veto was an opportunity for him to (A) challenge federal
infrastructural development (B) attack opponents of his policy to relocate Native
Americans (C) disregard John Marshall's ruling on contracts (D) advocate for the
construction of a National Road (E) undermine financial support for the Bank of the
United States.
228. The leader of South Carolina's opposition to the 'Tariff of Abominations" was (A)
Martin Van Buren (B) Henry Clay (C) William Lloyd Garrison (D) John C. Calhoun (E)
John Marshall.
229. Jackson was embroiled in a controversy with Nicholas Biddle over the (A)
construction of the Maysville Road (B) construction of the Charles River Bridge (C)
resettlement of Native Americans (D) abolition of slavery (E) Bank of the United States.
230. The Specie Circular (A) sought to address the problems associated with the Panic of
1819 (B) was a primary factor in the development of the New Market economy (C) was
nullified by the South Carolina legislature (D) was an attempt by Jackson to remedy the
problems associated with the destruction of the bank (E) was used by the Charles River
Bridge Company to raise funds to build a bridge over the Charles River in Massachusetts.
231. William Lloyd Garrison is most associated with which of the following reform
movements? (A) prison reform (B) reforming mental health facilities (C) abolition of
slavery (D) education reform (E) the plight of Native Americans.
232. The Seneca Falls Convention is associated with which of the following reform
movements? (A) women's rights (B) abolition (C) education reform (D) opposition to
Jackson's policies toward Native Americans (E) urban reform.
10. Which of the following is FALSE regarding the Second Great Awakening? (A) It
promoted individualism. (B) It was not experienced by southerners. (C) It placed reason
over faith. (D) It challenged the Enlightenment's reliance on reason. (E) It came about in
response to the perception that piety was declining.
233. Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement regarding the North in the
antebellum period? (A) Its industrial development was greater than the other two regions,
(B) The textile industry was important to several of the states in this region. (C) The
planter class was dominant in most of the states in the region. (D) Northerners favored a
high protective tariff. (E) Much of the nation's banking industry was located in the North.
234. The turning point of the American Civil War occurred at the battle (A) First Bull
Run (B) Second Bull Run (C) Monitor and Merrimac (D) Antietam (E) Gettysburg.
235. Which of the following is consistent with the contract theory? (A) South Carolina
Exposition ' (B) the political views of John C. Calhoun (C) the states, not the federal
government, are supreme (D) the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions (E) the decisions
handed down by the Marshall Court.
236. The Compromise of 1850 (A) banned slavery in Washington, D.C. (B) allowed
Kansas to enter as a slave state (C) ended the Fugitive Slave law (D) gave all of the land
taken from Mexico to Texas (E) allowed California to enter as a free state.
237. Popular sovereignty was the idea that (A) the government of each new territory
should be elected by the people (B) the American public should vote on whether to admit
states with or without slavery (C) it was for the citizens of a territory to decide if their
territory would enter the Union as a slave state or a free state (D) the United States should
assume popular control of the territory acquired from Mexico (E) slavery should be
prohibited from any territory acquired by the United States.
238. In the Dred Scott decision, the Supreme Court (A) avoided controversy by ruling
that Dred Scott had no right to sue in federal court (B) ruled that the Kansas-Nebraska
Act was unconstitutional (C) ruled that Congress could not prohibit slavery in the
territories because slaves were private property (D) ruled that slaves could sue in federal
court only if their masters allowed them to do so (E) ruled that a slave that had been
transported to a free state or territory was a free citizen of the United States.
239. The Crittenden Proposal (A) forbade slavery west of the Mississippi River (B)
would have granted the Southern states their independence if they abolished slavery (C)
would have lowered the protective tariff in return for abolishing the Fugitive Slave Act
(D) ended the slave trade but not slavery in Washington, D.C. (E) would have guaranteed
slaveholders the right to own slaves south of the 36°30' line.
240. In the election of 1860 (A) most Southerners refused to vote in protest against
Lincoln's candidacy (B) the majority of citizens living in the three sections voted for the
Republican candidate (C) the tariff was the most controversial issue (D) the vast majority
of southerners voted for the compromise candidate, John Bell (E) the Republicans gained
control of the executive branch for the first time.
241. The Emancipation Proclamation (A) abolished slavery in all states that were in open
rebellion (B) abolished slavery in the Border States (C) ended the slave trade but not
slavery (D) was ruled unconstitutional by the Taney Supreme Court (E) allowed for
popular sovereignty in those states that willingly returned to the Union.
242. Which of the following is NOT associated with the North during the war? (A)
continued industrialization (B) the Morrill Tariff of 1861 (C) the Homestead Act of 1862
(D) the use of blacks in the Union military (E) the ratification of the Fifteenth
Amendment guaranteeing voting rights to male U.S. citizens.
243. The original purpose of the Freedmen's Bureau was to (A) generate support among
Southern whites to attempt to end federal military occupation (B) organize blacks as
sharecroppers (C) provide freed blacks with food, clothing, and educational opportunities
(D) register blacks to vote (E) enroll poor whites and blacks in trade unions.
244. Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction, developed in 1863, allowed for a state to be
readmitted once (A) fifty percent of its voters took an oath of allegiance to the Union (B)
the state legislature ratified the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments (C) ten percent of
its voters repudiated the contract theory (D) it paid for war damages caused by the
Confederate army (E) it abolished slavery.
245. The Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution (A) abolished slavery ' (B) gave to
the federal government supreme authority over the states (C) gave black males the right
to vote (D) defined citizenship rights (E) gave to women the right to vote.
246. Carpetbaggers were (A) Southerners who supported radical Republican
governments in the South (B) Northerners such as teachers and ministers who traveled
South after the war to aid the freedmen (C) former Confederate political leaders who
regained their political seats in Congress when Reconstruction ended (D) freed blacks
who fled the South after being emancipated (E) Southern governments that refused to
accept the Thirteenth Amendment.
247. Andrew Johnson was impeached because (A) Southerners were opposed to his
radical Reconstruction policies (B) he failed to enforce federal law in combating the
KKK (C) he was involved in the assassination of President Lincoln (D) his administration
was involved in a number of corrupt activities (E) he was an obstacle to the radical
Republicans' Reconstruction plan.
248. In the election of 1876 (A) the Republicans swept the South (B) the contested
election was decided by the Supreme Court (C) Tilden received more electoral votes but
far fewer popular votes than Hayes (D) most white Southerners refused to vote (E)
Republicans claimed that blacks had been denied the right to vote in several Southern
states answer (E) Due to this claim, the election was thrown into turmoil.
249. Which of the following did NOT attempt to disenfranchise black voters? (A) Force
Act (B) gerrymandering (C) literacy test (D) grandfather clause (E) poll tax.
250. Jim Crow laws (A) were ruled unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court
immediately following the end of the war (B) were designed to subordinate blacks (C)
allowed for the integration of all public facilities (D) were passed by the radical
Republicans (E) were designed to address the abuses of racist organizations such as the
KKK and the Knights of the White Camellia.
251. Hiram Revels (A) was the leader of the radical Republicans in the House of
Representatives (B) was head of the Freedmen's Bureau (C) was involved in a scandal
which seriously damaged the Grant administration (D) was the first black American
elected to Congress (E) was instrumental in organizing the KKK.
252. In the compromise that was reached by Republicans and Democrats over the
impasse in the presidential election between Hayes and Tilden, (A) Tilden was given the
presidency in return for selecting Republicans for every cabinet position in his
administration (B) The radical Republicans agreed to disband if Hayes was given the
presidency (C) Southerners generally voted for a third-party candidate (D) Hayes was
given the presidency if the South agreed to ratify the Fifteenth Amendment (E) Hayes
was given the presidency in return for the removal of federal troops from the South.
253. Andrew Carnegie's use of the vertical integration was significant in that it (A)
synthesized the various immigrant labor groups into one cohesive productive force (B)
led to substantial cooperation between industry and banking (C) stimulated competition
in the steel industry (D) allowed a capitalist to control all aspects of the production
process (E) ultimately led to the construction of massive steel factories in
Pittsburgh.
254. Which of the following statements accurately reflects the impact that
industrialization had on the American worker? (A) The standard of living for most
workers had declined by the late nineteenth century. (B) The standard of living for most
workers improved by the late nineteenth century, but workers had become mere
mechanisms in the production process. (C) Many wage laborers ultimately saved enough
of their salaries to start their own small businesses. (D) Most workers came to develop a
lasting economic and social bond with their employers. (E) Most workers experienced
ever higher wages and even greater control over what they produced.
255. In his "Gospel of Wealth" Andrew Carnegie articulated the view that (A) the
wealthy were entitled to their riches and had no responsibility to share it with others (B)
only those born into wealth were the real economic leaders of the nation (C) religious
leaders had a responsibility to convince their parishioners that success was attainable to
those who worked hard (D) capitalism and Christianity were intimately related in the
progress of individuals and nations (E) the wealthy were morally obligated to use some of
their wealth for the improvement of society.
256. By the late nineteenth century (A) the U.S. economy ranked fourth in the
industrialized world (B) the United States had bypassed France and Germany industrial
output but still lagged behind Great Britain (C) the U.S. economy had fallen to fourth in
industrial output behind Britain, France, and Germany (D) the U.S. economy was
producing as much as Britain, France, and Germany combined in many sectors (E) the
U.S. economy had not grown significantly since the 1860s.
257. The Industrial Workers of the World differed from the other major trade unions in
that (A) it sought to negotiate and mediate its differences with management (B) unlike the
other unions, it disdained using boycotts and strikes against capital (C) its objective was
to eliminate the private ownership of the means of production (D) it was recognized by
capitalists as the legitimate bargaining agent of its members (E) it was outlawed by the
U.S. government.
258. Which of the following would NOT be used by a supporter of the capitalist system
as it existed in the Gilded Age? (A) Reform Darwinism (B) Social Darwinism (C) Russell
Conwell's, "Acres of Diamonds" sermon (D) the novels of Horatio Alger (E) the
perspective held by Herbert Spencer.
259. In order to promote the interests of labor, trade unions would support (A) the open
shop (B) collective bargaining (C) subsistence wages (D) yellow-dog contracts (E) the
closed shop.
260. The railroad strike of 1877 (A) was the first time a president ordered U.S. troops to
stop a strike (B) led to significant wage increases for railroad workers (C) was the first
time that management recognized the legitimacy of a trade union (D) was the only time
in the nineteenth century that government sided with the strikers (E) led to significant
improvements in worker safety laws but not wage increases.
261. This capitalist created U.S. Steel, the nation's first billion-dollar corporation (A)
Andrew Carnegie (B) J. P. Morgan (C) "Big Bill" Haywood (D) Cornelius Vanderbilt (E)
John D. Rockefeller
262. In United States v. E. C. Knight Company, the Supreme Court ruled that (A) trade
unions that were on strike were in restraint of trade (B) monopolies such as the E.G.
Knight Company were illegal combinations (C) since the company was involved in
production and not commerce, it fell under state jurisdiction (D) monopolies were in
restraint of trade (E) vertical integration was not in restraint of trade.
263. All of the following were political objectives of the Populists EXCEPT • (A)
government ownership of major industries such as the railroads and telegraphs (B)
replacing the fixed income tax with a graduated income tax (C) the free and unlimited
coining of silver (D) direct election of U.S. senators (E) creating a national system of
unemployment insurance.
264. William Jennings Bryan became the presidential candidate of both the Democrats
and Populists in 1896 because of his support for (A) high protective tariffs to protect
domestic industries (B) unlimited and free coinage of silver (C) nationalizing the railroad
industry (D) policies that would unite poor black and white farmers (E) a single six-year
term for presidents.
265. A major reason why McKinley was able to defeat Bryan in 1896 was (A) the
Populists ultimately withdrew their support for Bryan (B) the Republicans were split
between gold and silver advocates (C) American farmers experienced an increase in farm
prices during the campaign (D) Bryan's repudiation of the silver cause during the
campaign (E) most Democrats favored Cleveland over Bryan.
266. Coxey's Army (A) reflected discontent with the government's response to the
depression in 1893 (B) was the military wing of the Populist party (C) was the name
given to supporters of Jacob Coxey's candidacy for president in 1896 (D) were strong
advocates of the gold standard (E) were Democrats who switched their political
allegiance to the Republicans in the 1896 election.
267. Which of the following did the nation's farmers advocate in the late nineteenth
century? (A) government should reduce farmers' costs by providing farmers with seed
and farm implements (B) the government should privatize the railroads (C) a subTreasury system should be established that would allow farmers to sell their crops on the
market when prices rose (D) the use of federal troops to ensure farmers' safety against
private security agents hired by the railroads (E) a high protective tariff.
268. Which of the following did NOT lead to greater productivity by farmers in the late
nineteenth century? (A) iron and steel plows (B) the use of new farm machinery, such as
harvesters (C) improved cotton gins (D) greater specialization of agricultural production
(E) the rates charged by grain elevator owners.
269. In which Supreme Court case did the Court rule that as long ' property was "devoted
to public use," states could place regulations on the railroads for the good of the public?
(A) Peik v. the Chicago and Northern Railway (B) Munn v. Illinois (C) Illinois v. Wabash
(D) Pollock v. Farmers Loan and Trust (E) Dred Scott v. Sandford.
270. Which industry, more than any other, became the symbol and source of agrarian
discontent in the post-Civil War period? (A) the insurance industry (B) companies that
developed harvesters and combines (C) railway companies (D) telephone and telegraph
companies (E) banks.
271. Which of the following groups was NOT identified with the Populist party? (A)
supporters of the gold standard (B) anarchists (C) Knights of Labor (D) Grangers (E)
Greenback party.
272. The Specie Resumption Act of 1875 (A) led to a dramatic increase in the amount of
silver in the economy (B) was a compromise bill that allowed for an equal amount of
gold and silver to be introduced into the economy each month (C) established the ratio of
gold to greenbacks at 16:1 (D) removed all of the greenbacks from circulation (E)
dramatically inflated currency, which led to a depression.
273. Which of the following took the lead in reforming the United States in the early
twentieth century? (A) corporate leaders (B) the lower classes (C) the middle class (D)
the House of Representatives (E) the conservative wing of the Republican Party.
274. Which one of the following presidents is NOT associated with a major reform
movement in the twentieth century? (A) Warren Harding (B) Woodrow Wilson (C)
Franklin D. Roosevelt (D) Lyndon Johnson (E) Theodore Roosevelt.
275. This muckraking novel addressed the abuses that occurred in Chicago's
meatpacking industry (A) The Octopus (B) How the Other Half Lives (C) Shame of the
Cities (D) The Jungle (E) The History of the Standard Oil Company.
276. Which one of the following did NOT divide the Republican party on the eve of the
1912 election? (A) the Ballinger-Pinchot controversy (B) Taft's antitrust suit against U.S.
Steel (C) the progressive wing's advocacy for black rights (D) the Speaker of the House
controversy (E) the Payne-Aldrich Tariff.
277. Which Supreme Court case decision made the Keating-Owen Child Labor Act
unconstitutional? (A) Lochner v. New York (B) Hammer v. Dagenhart (C) Muller
v. Oregon (D) Northern Securities v. U.S. (E) Adkins v. Children's Hospital.
278. This constitutional amendment provided for a federal income tax. (A) Fourteenth
(B) Fifteenth (C) Sixteenth (D) Seventeenth (E) Eighteenth.
279. Marcus Garvey (A) was head of the Federal Reserve System in the early twentieth
century (B) was a powerful Speaker of the House in the early twentieth century (C)
advocated for equal rights for women, including the right to vote (D) was a reformminded senator from Wisconsin who made his state a model of reform (E) was a black
leader whose nationalist movement advocated a return to Africa for the nation's exploited
black population.
280. Which one of the following did NOT occur during Woodrow Wilson's presidency?
(A) Federal Trade Commission , (B) Federal Reserve Act (C) Clayton Anti-Trust Act (D)
Department of Commerce and Labor (E) Underwood Tariff.
281. The Socialist party of America (A) opposed civil rights legislation (B) supported
government ownership of utility companies (C) was led by Booker T. Washington (D)
was eventually absorbed into the conservative wing of the Republican party (E)
advocated for the creation of the Federal Reserve System.
282. The Salvation Army is identified with (A) the women's rights crusade (B) the black
civil rights movement (C) the social gospel movement (D) trade unions (E) the
conservation movement.
283. Which of the following was NOT a cause of World War I? (A) imperialism (B)
militarism (C) secret military alliances (D) the Russian Revolution (E) nationalism.
284. Which of the following was a member of the Central Powers? (A) Germany (B)
France (C) Britain (D) Italy (E) United States.
285. The spark that ignited World War I was (A) the Zimmerman note (B) the
assassination of the Austrian heir to the throne by a Serb nationalist (C) Germany's
ultimatum to Serbia (D) the sinking of the Lusitania (E) the sinking of the Sussex.
286. In the Zimmerman note (A) Germany offered to compensate the United States for
the American lives lost in the Lusitania sinking (B) the United States agreed not to
intervene in the war if Germany halted its sinking of neutral shipping (C) the Germans
agreed to help the Russian Bolsheviks overthrow the tsar of Russia (D) the United States
secretly agreed to supply the Allies with war supplies in return for concessions following
the war (E) the Germans promised to restore to Mexico the land it lost in the MexicanAmerican War in return for a military alliance with Germany.
287. In the Sussex pledge (A) Germany promised to cease sinking passenger ships
without warning or care for the passengers (B) Germany promised to resume U-boat
attacks on neutral shipping if the United States continued to supply the Allies (C)
President Wilson promised the Allies that the United States would halt all U.S. trade with
Germany (D) the Germans promised to stop using U-boats to attack Allied warships and
merchant ships (E) the United States agreed not to arm its merchant fleet.
288. In the U.S. Supreme Court case Schenck v. United States, the Court ruled that (A)
the government could prohibit U.S. citizens from traveling on ships of nations at war (B)
conscientious objectors could not be forced to serve in the U.S. military (C) the
government was not obligated to protect the lives or property of those American citizens
who opposed the war (D) the Espionage Act of 1917 was constitutional (E) the American
Socialist party represented a clear and present danger to the United States.
289. Which of the following was NOT a feature of the Treaty of Versailles? (A)
Germany would be occupied by France and Britain for twenty years. (B) Germany would
provide France with coal for fifteen years. (C) Germany would pay reparations to the
Allies. (D) Alsace and Lorraine were returned to France. (E) Germany would be
demilitarized.
290. Which of the following was an international agreement designed to outlaw war? (A)
the Five-Power Naval Treaty (B) the Treaty of Versailles (C) the Kellogg-Briand Pact
(D) the Four-Power Treaty (E) the Sussex pledge.
291. The same year (1917) that the United States entered World War I on the Allied side,
this Allied power dropped out of the war: (A) Britain (B) France (C) Italy (D) Belgium
(E) Russia.
292. The Dawes Plan and the Young Plan (A) increased U.S. financial aid to South
America (B) repudiated the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine? (C) assisted
Germany with its reparations payments (D) provided for Filipino independence (E)
placed significant limitations on the role the United States : would play in the League of
Nations.
293. Which of the following was NOT an underlying cause of the Great Depression? (A)
underconsumption (B) the effects of World War I (C) the fragility of the banking system
(D) the vastly unequal distribution of wealth (E) inadequate capital investment.
294. The Mellon tax plan (A) helped lift the nation out of the Great Depression (B) was
adopted by FDR as a remedy for underconsumption (C) distributed wealth evenly
between the nation's social classes (D) led to underconsumption and wild speculation in
the stock market (E) was instituted to pay for the enormous cost of the New Deal
agencies.
295. The Hawley-Smoot Tariff (A) facilitated improved trade relations between the
United States and its trade partners (B) reduced the tax on imported industrial goods, thus
hurting American industry (C) was the highest tariff in the nation's history, and an
underlying cause of the Great Depression (D) was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme
Court (E) was vetoed by Roosevelt, but passed by Congress over his veto.
296. Which of the following is NOT associated with Hoover's ideology in regards to
addressing the problems created by the collapse of the economy in 1929? (A) deficit
spending (B) localism (C) voluntarism (D) laissez-faire (E) rugged individualism.
297. Which opponent of FDR introduced an alternative to the New Deal in the form of
an Old Age Revolving Pension Plan? (A) Herbert Hoover (B) Huey Long (C) Calvin
Coolidge (D) Father Coughlin (E) Francis Townsend.
298. Which of the following programs was instituted by President Hoover? . (A) Federal
Deposit Insurance Corporation (B) Home Owners Loan Corporation (C) going off the
gold standard (D) Reconstruction Finance Corporation (E) Tennessee Valley Authority.
299. The U.S. Supreme Court ruled this New Deal agency unconstitutional in the 1930s.
(A) Home Owners Loan Corporation (B) Tennessee Valley Authority (C) Federal
Deposit Insurance Corporation (D) National Industrial Recovery Act (E) Federal Housing
Administration.
300. In order to address the problem of rampant speculation in the stock market FDR (A)
closed the stock exchange for four days (B) placed a limit on how much money an
individual or company could invest in the stock market (C) established the Securities and
Exchange Commission (D) set a ceiling on how high the price of a stock could go (E)
established the Reconstruction Finance Corporation.
301. FDR's goal to reorganize the federal judiciary (A) provided him the opportunity to
replace conservative judges who had been appointed by the previous administration (B)
was achieved, but it was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court (C) allowed him to
bypass the judiciary when considering new programs and agencies (D) was described by
angry critic as "court packing" (E) was intended to give more power to the states.
302. The Social Security Act (A) was designed to provide assistance to the agrarian
sector of the economy (B) employed musicians; artists, actors, and writers (C) provided
assistance to the elderly and handicapped and to dependent women and children (D)
established codes of conduct for corporations and unions (E) allowed workers to form
unions and engage in collective bargaining.
301. Which of the following is NOT associated with the Axis Powers? (A) Hitler (B)
Mussolini (C) Japan (D) Franco (E) Italy.
302. In the Munich Conference (A) Hitler agreed to form an alliance with Italy and
Japan (B) the Big Three agreed to demand unconditional surrender from the Germans and
Japanese (C) Britain and France gave in to Hitler's territorial demands (D) the United
States promised Germany that it would remain neutral in the war (E) the Nazis worked
out the details of the Final Solution.
303. Which future Allied nation provided support to the Loyalists in the Spanish Civil
War? (A) United States (B) Britain (C) France (D) China (E) Soviet Union.
304. The America First Committee (A) was strongly in favor of providing economic
assistance to Britain, but opposed military aid (B) believed the United States should enter
the war only if its ships were attacked by German submarines (C) was strongly in favor
of the assistance President Roosevelt gave to the British (D) believed "cash and carry"
would not jeopardize American neutrality (E) strongly opposed U.S. intervention in the
war.
305. At which conference did the Big Three FIRST meet? (A) Casablanca (B) Munich
(C) Potsdam (D) Yalta (E) Teheran.
306. In the Panay incident (A) the Japanese sank a U.S. gunboat on patrol in China (B)
the Japanese launched a surprise attack on the Seventh Fleet at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii (C)
Japan invaded China (D) the Japanese government agreed not to invade China in return
for territorial concessions in Southeast Asia (E) Chinese troops attacked the Japanese
embassy in China.
307. The Stimson Doctrine (A) was widely condemned by the America First Committee
(B) stated that the United States would not recognize Japan's puppet government in China
(C) implied that the United States would not challenge Soviet influence in Eastern
Europe (D) declared that the United States would sink German submarines on sight (E)
stated that the United States would seek unconditional surrender terms from Japan and
Germany.
308. When President Roosevelt stated that this event was "a date which will live in
infamy," he was referring to: (A) the D-Day landing (B) the dropping of the atomic
bombs on Japan (C) the beginning of the Holocaust (D) the surprise attack on Pearl
Harbor (E) Germany's invasion of Poland.
309. In order to establish a new Italian empire, Mussolini ordered his military to invade
(A) Poland (B) France (C) Belgium (D) Ethiopia (E) Egypt.
310. The Manhattan Project was a top-secret plan (A) to prevent Japan from acquiring
raw materials necessary for the expansion of its military (B) devised by the Nazis to
eliminate Europe's Jews (C) by the United States to develop the atom bomb (D) that led
to the formation of the Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis (E) that culminated in the Allies' D-Day
landing.
311. President Reagan's nominations of Justices Scalia, O'Connor, and Kennedy to the
Supreme Court (A) was warmly supported by Democrats in Congress (B) failed to win
the approval of the Senate (C) reveal his attempt to make the Supreme Court more
conservative (D) indicated to many Americans his moderate stance on constitutional
issues (E) ultimately backfired, as the three justices were far more liberal than was
Reagan.
312. A stimulus to postwar prosperity was (A) the spending habits of Americans as more
consumer items became available (B) the significant cuts in the military budget made by
Presidents Truman, Eisenhower, and Kennedy (C) the purchasing power of millions of
women who entered the work force at war's end (D) the elimination of the income tax (E)
the elimination of foreign competition in most industries.
313. Which U.S. president is associated with the Fair Deal? (A) Franklin Roosevelt (B)
Harry Truman (C) Dwight Eisenhower (D) John Kennedy (E) Lyndon Johnson.
314. The Supreme Court case Roe v. Wade dealt with (A) voting rights (B)
environmental protection laws (C) reproductive rights (D) Social Security benefits (E)
federal funding for welfare programs.
315. In the Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas (A) the
Court reaffirmed the Plessy v. Ferguson decision of 1896 (B) the Court affirmed voting
rights of all citizens in accordance with the Fifteenth Amendment (C) black Americans
were outraged by the Court's support for segregation (D) segregation was ruled
unconstitutional (E) the Court ruled that the federal government was not responsible for
integrating facilities and institutions.
316. The National Defense Education Act (A) was passed during the administration of
Lyndon Johnson (B) was designed in response to Soviet advancements in aeronautics (C)
significantly increased the federal aid to military research programs (D) gave the
president the power to declare war without Congress's approval when the nation is being
threatened with attack (E) appropriated billions of dollars for developing peaceful uses
for nuclear energy.
317. The Taft-Hartley Act (A) helped fund the construction of schools and hospitals in
economically depressed areas (B) provided billions in federal aid to communities faced
with serious environmental problems (C) helped to fund the Medicare program (D) was
ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court on the grounds that the federal government
could withhold funds from states that refused to integrate (E) placed serious restrictions
on the rights and powers of labor unions.
318. In which of the following events did the Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. play
a significant role? (A) the integration of the University of Alabama (B) the integration of
the University of Mississippi (C) the Montgomery, Alabama, bus boycott (D) ending
segregation in the military (E) the formation of the Black Panthers.
319. Which postwar president is most associated with business deregulation? (A) Harry
Truman (B) Dwight Eisenhower (C) Gerald Ford (D) Jimmy Carter (E) Ronald Reagan.
320. Which of the following challenged President Truman in his bid for election in
1948? (A) northern Democrats who believed his integration of the military had been
premature (B) corporate interests who wanted believed Truman was pro-union and antibusiness (C) northern liberals who opposed his Fair Deal (D) southerners who were
opposed to his civil rights policies (E) black Americans who had grown tired of the
Democrats' social programs.
321. Which of the following is NOT associated with Lyndon Johnson's presidency? (A)
the Medicare Act (B) Appalachian Regional Development Act (C) Voting Rights Act (D)
the Twenty-fourth Amendment (E) supply-side economics.
322. An objective of the Marshall Plan was to (A) provide military assistance to the
Chinese Nationalists (B) limit the nuclear stockpiles of the United States and Soviet
Union (C) rebuild West European nations that had been devastated during the war (D)
roll back communism in Eastern Europe (E) divide Korea into two separate nations, one
communist the other noncommunist.
323. Joseph McCarthy (A) was commander of U.N. forces in Korea (B) was successful
in exposing thousands of communist sympathizers in the U.S. government (C) was a
congressman who strongly opposed U.S. intervention in Vietnam (D) is associated with
the second red scare in the 1940s and 1950s (E) was arrested and executed for revealing
U.S. nuclear secrets to the Soviets.
324. Which of the following is NOT a permanent member of the U.N. Security Council?
(A) Germany (B) France (C) Britain (D) United States (E) China.
325. In order to prevent the Soviets from placing nuclear missiles in Cuba, President
Kennedy (A) threatened to strike Moscow with U.S. intercontinental ballistic missiles (B)
imposed a trade embargo on Cuba (C) appealed to the U.N. to send combat troops to
Cuba (D) placed a naval quarantine around Cuba (E) agreed to remove U.S. missiles from
Europe.
326. The Korean War (A) ended in a stalemate (B) resulted in the first successful attempt
by the United States to contain communism in Asia (C) was a direct cause of the Chinese
Civil War (D) ended when the U.N. sent peacekeeping forces to the Korean Peninsula (E)
is the only example of U.S.-Soviet cooperation in the immediate post-World War II
period.
327. Which U.S. president advocated the development of a satellite-based defensive
system known as Strategic Defense Initiative? (A) Truman (B) Eisenhower (C) Kennedy
(D) Johnson (E) Reagan.
328. The Tonkin Gulf Resolution (A) was passed by the U.N. authorizing the United
States to send combat troops to Vietnam (B) was passed by Congress giving President
Johnson unlimited powers to wage war in Vietnam (C) ended hostilities in Korea (D)
stated that the United States would not intervene in the Chinese Civil War (E) recognized
the Viet Minh as the legitimate government in Vietnam.
329. President Nixon authorized a military coup that toppled the popularly elected
government of Salvador Allende in (A) Guatemala (B) Hungary (C) El Salvador (D)
Chile (E) Mexico.
330. President Reagan's administration illegally circumvented ' Congress's Boland
Amendment in order to (A) secretly fund Nicaragua's Contras (B) increase the U.S.
nuclear stockpile (C) undermine Mikhail Gorbachev's reformist government (D) purchase
arms for the Chinese Nationalists (E) invade Panama.
331. In order to prevent communist forces from toppling the governments of Greece and
Turkey, the United States (A) sent combat troops to both nations at the end of World War
II (B) initiated the Truman Doctrine (C) imposed a trade embargo on both nations (D)
initiated the Marshall Plan (E) established NATO.
1.
Which of the following was NOT a key advantage of England over her European
rivals Spain and France for hegemony in the New World?
(A)
They invented the joint stock company which limited liability of investors
(B)
The English Royal Navy
(C)
Naval and military technological developments
(D)
A greater opportunity for immigrants better themselves in the New World
(E)
The greater population and resources of the British Isles.
2.
Which of the following was NOT a result of the Great Awakening in 18th Century
colonial America?
(A)
A majority of colonial Americans came to share a common understanding of the
Christian faith and life.
(B)
Religious dissent and dissenters enjoyed greater respect than ever before
(C)
Most evangelicals denounced slavery as sinful, and at the first General
Conference of Methodism, slave holding was viewed as grounds for immediate expulsion
from the society.
(D)
Puritan theology and society was strengthened.
(E)
The emphasis of mans equality before God stimulated the idea of political and
social equality.
3.
Although there were several “Tea Parties” in the British colonies in 1773, notably
in New York, Charleston and Delaware, King George III chose to single out Boston for
the Coercive Acts because
(A)
Although it was the last of the “incidents,” it was the most violent of the several
demonstrations in terms of loss of life and property.
(B)
Boston had consistently taken the lead in opposing the Crown’s earlier attempts to
tax and govern the colonies.
(C)
New York was too valuable a port to lose for any length of time
(D)
The King had a particular dislike for George Washington and Thomas Jefferson
who were generally believed to have instigated the event
(E)
The King and the Ministry believed that Boston would be the easiest to use to
show that the Crown would not permit such criminality.
4.
The strongest opponent that the Anti-Federalists produced in opposition to the
ratification of the Constitution was _________________.
(A)
James Madison
(B)
Thomas Jefferson
(C)
Benjamin Franklin
(D)
John Adams
(E)
Patrick Henry
5.
Which of the following is NOT true?
(A)
Jeffersonians, for the most part, were artisans, shopkeepers, frontier settlers, or
owners of small farms in the interior regions of the South and West.
(B)
Hamiltonians believed that the Federal Government should foster business and
contribute to the growth of capitalistic enterprise.
(C)
Jeffersonians felt that a national debt was good for the nation, that the debt would
bind the nation together.
(D)
Hamiltonians wanted the United States to break official bonds with France and tie
itself closely to Britain.
(E)
Jeffersonians favored a strict interpretation of the Constitution to limit the powers
of the central government and conserve state rights.
6.
The above painting depicts the work of a group of artists known as the
_______________.
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
Impressionists
Rationalists
Hudson River School
Post Impressionists
Ash Can School.
7.
Andrew Jackson was rated as a “Near Great” President by the Arthur M.
Schlesinger, Sr. survey in 1948. Which of the following issues of the Jackson Era MOST
detracts from Jackson place in history?
(A)
Jackson’s war on the Bank of the United States
(B)
The Cherokee Indian Removal Policy
(C)
The Panic of 1837
(D)
Passage of the Force Bill and the Tariff of 1833
(E)
Veto of the Maysville Road Bill
8.
Which of the following Presidents failed to win a majority of the popular vote but
won the Presidency?
(A)
Abraham Lincoln
(B)
Rutherford B. Hayes
(C)
Woodrow Wilson
(D)
Benjamin Harrison
(E)
All of these
9.
President Abraham Lincoln used a “pocket veto” to dispose of the Wade-Davis
Bill in May of 1864. Which of the following would have been the MOST LIKELY
outcome for the United States if the bill had passed?
(A)
The South would have been encouraged to resist through guerilla warfare even
when her armies had been defeated.
(B)
John Wilkes Booth would not have assassinated President Lincoln.
(C)
Lincoln would have been defeated soundly in the fall elections.
(D)
The South would have seen the futility of further resistance and surrender would
have come much sooner than it did.
(E)
All of these.
10.
Which of the following has NOT been argued to justify a protective tariff in the
long course of American history?
(A)
In America that new, or "infant," industries need protection against wellestablished foreign competition that might deliberately seek to destroy American
competition by price cutting.
(B)
Labor unions within protected industries argue that American labor needs
continued protection against the competition of goods produced by low-paid workers
abroad.
(C)
The argument of self-sufficiency says that America must be able to produce
essential goods within its own boundaries because of the possibility of foreign sources
being cut off in wartime
(D)
Tariffs promote monopolies and that they give an indirect subsidy to protected
industries at the expense of American consumer.
(E)
America has a high standard of living within the large free trade area of the fifty
states; the whole world could raise its standards of consumption similarly by removing
trade barriers.
11.
The cartoonist, Dick Wright of the Providence Dispatch is satirizing
___________ and ___________
(A)
The Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev
(B)
The Democratic technique of using threats to boost the defense spending
(C)
Jimmy Carter’s free trade policies
(D)
Gerald Ford’s Whip Inflation Now program
(E)
Soviet intransigence at the Geneva Convention Talks.
Westward Expansion and Jackson Era
39. It seemed that following the War of 1812 the country was swept by a wave of (A)
internationalism (B) hatred for Canada (C) nationalism (D) defeatism (E) rebellions.
40. Which of the following wasn't a court precedent established by John Marshall and
the Supreme Court? (A) the Supreme Court could declare state laws unconstitutional (B)
the national Supreme Court higher in authority than the state Supreme Courts (C) a
congressional act can be declared unconstitutional (D) that Congress had the power to
declare war (E) a state cannot impair the obligations of a contract of law.
41. Clay's "American System" was proposed as a means of (A) annexing new territory
(B) combating socialism (C) developing independency through tariff laws (D) setting up
a state church (E) developing a system of Americanizing immigrants.
42. As a result of John Marshall's decisions the Federal government's powers (A)
decreased (B) increased (C) were unaffected (D) were increased only in time of national
crisis (E) were decreased in time of national crisis.
43. Following the War of 1812 national unity was exemplified in all the following
except (A) the establishment of a Second National Bank (B) the era of good feeling (C)
high tariffs (D) the building of roads at government expense (E) existence of only one
political party.
44. East Florida was acquired by purchase from (A) France (B) Russia (C) England (D)
Holland (E) Spain.
45. The following are results of the Missouri Compromise except (A) Missouri
admitted as a free state (B) Maine admitted as a free state (C) most of the Louisiana
Territory would come into the Union as free territory (D) north of line 36 degrees and 30
minutes would be free (E) kept number of free and slave states exactly even.
46. The West advocated all of the following except (A) high tariff rates (B) protection
against Indians (C) internal improvements (D) cheap currency (E) cheap land.
47. The Monroe Doctrine was first stated in a (A) treaty with Latin America (B) treaty
with Spain (C) presidential message to Congress (D) joint resolution from Congress (E)
treaty with Russia.
48. The following are true facts related to the Monroe Doctrine except (A) America for
the Americans (B) we were afraid that Spain and some other European countries might
set up new governments in the Americas (C) doctrine stated
that the Americas remained open for further colonization only to the United States and
Great Britain (D) we wouldn't meddle in European affairs (E) immediate consequences
were slight; long range consequences were important.
49. The British Prime Minister who wished to make a joint statement with the United
States warning the Holy Alliance not to intervene in the Americas was (A) Richard Rush
(B) William Pitt (C) Alexander Baring (D) Lord Ashburton (E) George Canning.
50. Which of the following wasn't a diplomatic settlement accomplished during
Monroe's administration? (A) acquired Oregon Territory from Britain (B) an agreement
with Russia on the Southern boundary of Alaska (C) fishing rights off the coast of
Newfoundland and Labrador (D) acquired East Florida (E) treaty settled Canadian-U.S.
boundary between Lake of Woods to Rocky Mountains.
51. An early leader for public schools was (A) Alice Grimke (B) Samuel Slater (C)
James Oberlin (D) James Harvard (E) Horace Mann.
52. The following are reasons why most New Englanders were against a liberal policy
in the sale of public lands except (A) the growth of the West would weaken the political
power of the East (B) the demand for Eastern manufactured goods would be decreased
(C) they feared a number of immigrants would leave the Eastern labor supply and migrate
west (D) they would have immediate industrial competition (E) the Federalist party
would lose power in Congress.
53. Jackson had won recognition before he was elected president chiefly because he
had been (A) a governor (B) a senator (C) a lawyer (D) an ambassador (E) a general.
54. The election of Jackson in 1828 indicated (A) the growing strength of the West (B)
the tremendous strength of the Whig party (C) the growing strength of the Industrial party
of the United States (D) the emergence of Hamiltonian philosophy (E) rebirth of the
Federalist party.
55. The following statements are true about Jackson except (A) a typical
backwoodsman (B) was more in sympathy with the West than with the East (C) a man
with dignity and political experience (D) performed like an Eastern aristocrat (E) was
blunt in speech and quick to act.
56. The new political party that arose from the 1828 election was the (A) Republican
party (B) Democratic-Republican party (C) Democratic party (D) National-Republican
party (E) Federalist party.
57. In 1828 Jackson received support from all of the following except the (A) West (B)
Eastern laborers in industrial plants (C) South (D) frontier men (E) "well-bred".
58. The following are true statements about Jackson except (A) practiced "spoils
system" (B) had faith in the common man (C) had little respect for the check and balance
system of Congress and Supreme Court (D) supported the Eastern industrialists (E)
favored state banks over a national bank.
59. Westerners opposed the Bank of the United States because they (A) feared inflation
(B) believed that the wealthy people benefited most (C) believed that the bank benefited
the debtor class (D) couldn't borrow money (E) disliked cheap currency.
60. The leader of a slave uprising in Virginia in 1831 was (A) John Brown (B) Lloyd
Garrison (C) Wendell Phillips (D) Dred Scott (E) Nat Turner.
61. The following would be reasons for the panic of 1837 except (A) state banks
became lax in their issuance of notes (B) Federal government insisted on payment for
western lands by gold or silver (C) overexpansion of credit (D) a great number of
worthless state banks (E) the chartering of a new national bank.
62. Probably the greatest of all Supreme Court justices that served during this time was
(A) Robert Jackson (B) Charles Evans Hughes (C) John Jay (D) Earl Warren (E) John
Marshall.
63. Which of the following is not correctly associated? (A) Simon Bolivar — South
American independence (B) Henry Clay — Missouri Compromise (C) Eli Whitney cotton gin (D) Nicholas Biddle — Second Bank of the United States (E) John Marshall
— States Rights champion.
64. One of the chief causes of the panic of 1837 was the (A) building of factories (B)
over speculation in Western land (C) shortage of paper money (D) elimination of western
frontier (E) war with England.
65. In the Webster-Hayne debates Hayne would have been presenting all the following
views except (A) states were independent sovereignties (B) each state was the final
interpreter of its responsibilities (C) the central government was gaining too much power
(D) the national government was supreme (E) the states could nullify federal laws.
66. The President that was elected in 1840 was (A) Henry Clay (B) Martin Van Buren
(C) William H. Harrison (D) James Monroe (E) John Q. Adams.
67. The following were all candidates for the presidency in 1824 except (A) Henry Clay
(B) John Q. Adams (C) Andrew Jackson (D) William H. Crawford (E) Richard M.
Johnson.
Expansion Sectionalism and War
31. The first temporary settlement of the dispute over the extension of slavery in the
United States was (A) the Tariff of Abominations (B) the Kansas-Nebraska Act (C) the
Freeport Doctrine (D) the Missouri Compromise (E) the Compromise of 1850.
32. The Oregon Treaty of 1846 established the Northwest boundary between Canada
and the United States at the (A) 38th parallel (B) 45th parallel (C) 49th parallel (D) 54th
parallel (E) 56th parallel.
33. He became President upon Zachary Taylor's death in 1850: (A) James K. Polk (B)
Franklin Pierce (C) Andrew Johnson (D) James Buchanan (E) Millard Fillmore.
34. The Kansas-Nebraska Act provided for the idea known as (A) free soil (B) fiftyfour forty or fight (C) popular sovereignty (D) the underground railroad (E) freeport
doctrine.
35. The Compromise of 1850 provided for all of the following except (A) California
should be admitted as a free state (B) the formation of a new fugitive slave law which
would have the national government help return runaway slaves (C) the Mexican territory
area with the exception of California would be open to both slave and free settlers (D) the
abolition of slavery in the District of Columbia (E) Texas would give up her claim to
New Mexico Territory in return for a payment by the federal government.
36. The Dred Scott decision was important because (A) the Supreme Court ruled that
Congress couldn't constitutionally restrict slavery (B) it deprived Scott's owner of his
own property (C) it forbade slavery from ever existing in any new territory acquired by
the United States (D) it caused the secession of the Southern states (E) the Supreme Court
opened up a judicial route to freeing slaves.
37. Which one of the following items did not have the effect of stirring up resentment
against slavery? (A) William Lloyd Garrison and the Liberator (B) Harriet Beecher
Stowe and Uncle Tom's Cabin (C) publications of the Liberty Party (D) t>~ Atlanta
Journal (E) the New York Tribune.
38. The most important of the Lincoln-Douglas debates took place at (A) Washington
(B) Springfield (C) St. Louis (D) Chicago (E) Freeport.
39. Which of the following was not a leading cause of the Civil War? (A) national
supremacy over state governments (B) industrial vs. agricultural interests (C) slavery (D)
communism vs. democracy (E) the tariff question.
40. The capitol of the Southern Confederacy was located at (A) Richmond Virginia (B)
Atlanta Georgia (C) Shiloh Tennessee (D) Charleston South Carolina (E) Jackson
Mississippi.
41. The first President of the Confederacy was (A) Robert E. Lee (B) Andrew Johnson
(C) John C. Calhoun (D) William T. Sherman (E) Jefferson Davis.
42. The first state to secede from the Union was (A) Mississippi (B) Maryland (C)
Texas (D) Alabama (E) South Carolina.
43. The Trent Affair pertained to (A) a major battle which was fought on the boundary
line between the states of Maryland and Virginia (B) a traitorous act committed by a
Northerner at Trent New Jersey (C) the turning point of the war in the South (D) a British
ship that was stopped on the high seas by the United States Navy which took into custody
two Southern envoys (E) an argument between President Lincoln and his general George
McClellan.
44. The Monitor and the Merrimac were (A) famous newspapers of the Civil War
period (B) famous battle sites (C) the first ironclads in combat (D) towns in Virginia (E)
two famous English cruisers sold to the South.
45. Which of the following was not a Southern military leader of the Civil War? (A)
Pierre Beauregard (B) George B. McClellan (C) Robert E. Lee (D) General Stonewall
Jackson (E) J.E. Johnston.
46. Which of the following was not an important effect of the Civil War? (A) the
elimination of the States' Rights problems (B) an impoverished South (C) an industrial
thriving Northern economy (D) re-established the supremacy of the national government
over the states (E) right to secede discredited.
47. The Republican Congress did not go along with Lincoln's reconstruction policy
because (A) they believed Lincoln's plan aided France (B) they wanted to punish the
South (C) they thought Lincoln's plan would give too much control to the Republican
party (D) they thought that Lincoln's plan was too strict (E) they felt Lincoln's plan freed
too many slaves all at once.
48. Manifest Destiny was (A) belief that God would protect the U.S. from losing a war
(B) the belief that God had created the Negro race for slavery (C) the belief that the
Southern States were destined to be independent (D) the belief that God had destined the
U.S. to be the greatest and most powerful nation on earth (E) the belief that the U.S. flag
was destined by God to fly from the Atlantic to the Pacific.
49. Four slave states (border states) did not secede from the Union. Which of the
following was not one of the four? (A) Missouri (B) Kentucky (C) Maryland (D)
Arkansas (E) Delaware.
50. The most serious draft riot during the Civil War occurred in this city: (A)
Washington D.C. (B) Cleveland (C) Richmond (D) Chicago (E) New York.
51. The Secretary of State who was instrumental in the purchase of Alaska was (A)
William H. Seward (B) Horatio Seymour (C) Henry Clay (D) Edwin M. Stanton (E)
Lewis Cass.
52. Which of the following was not part of the Union's strategy for winning the Civil
War? (A) to station vessels of war in front of all Southern ports (B) to gain the armed
help of Britain and France (C) to attack and take Richmond (D) to open the lower
Mississippi (E) to break through the Confederate line in the West march an army to the
Atlantic and thence northward to Virginia.
53. Which of the following was not nominated for President in the election of 1860?
(A) Abraham Lincoln (B) Stephen A. Douglas (C) John C. Breckenridge (D) John Bell
(E) George B. McClellan.
54. All of the following were advantages that the North had over the South at the
beginning of the Civil War except (A) a larger population (B) larger and more developed
industries (C) better military leaders (D) superior transportation facilities (E) control of
the navy and a large part of the merchant marine.
First Semester Exam
37. Which of the following countries was the first to explore in the New World? (A)
France (B) England (C) Holland (D) Sweden (E) Spain.
38. The Spanish explored and established colonies in the Americas chiefly to (A)
escape wars and persecution at home (B) gain wealth adventure and power (C) find an
outlet for surplus population (D) destroy English power in the New World (E) find a
more democratic place to live.
39. The discovery of the Americas by Columbus was (A) accidental (B) deliberate (C)
planned by Queen Isabella (D) outlined by Prince Henry (E) predicted by Columbus.
40. The defeat of the Spanish Armada was most important to America because it (A)
gave England control of the sea and secured for her freedom to colonize (B)
demonstrated the superiority of English seamanship (C) gave Drake and other English
sea-dogs a free hand to seize and capture Spanish ships (D) ended the Spanish empire in
the Americas (E) gave England complete control of North and South America.
41. Which of the following men discovered the Pacific Ocean by crossing the isthmus
of Panama? (A) Cabot (B) Da Gama (C) Pizarro (D) Diaz (E) Balboa.
42. The first attempt by the English to make a permanent settlement was at (A)
Roanoke Island (B) Quebec (C) Montreal (D) St. Augustine (E) Plymouth.
43. The first permanent English settlement was at (A) Jamestown (B) Plymouth (C) St.
Augustine (D) New Mexico (E) Quebec.
44. The English established colonies in America for all the following reasons except
(A) economic strife in England (B) to escape religious persecution (C) to search for
riches (D) to please the Pope (E) to escape political persecution.
45. Which of the following men is known as the author of the Declaration of
Independence? (A) James Madison (B) Patrick Henry (C) George Washington (D)
Alexander Hamilton (E) Thomas Jefferson.
46. The Land Ordinance of 1785 was most important because it (A) gave to the United
States control over the Ohio Valley (B) surveyed the Northwest territory into townships
(C) gave settlers in the Ohio Valley seats in Congress (D) gave to each Indian 80 acres
and a mule (E) provided that the Ohio Valley settlers would decide if there would be
slavery-squatter sovereignty.
47. A confederation would be (A) a strong central government (B) a weak central
government (C) a government in which there would not be a central government (D) a
government in which there would not be any state governments (E) a government of
unlimited national powers.
48. The Constitution divides the powers of the federal government among the three
branches chiefly to (A) prevent any person or group of persons from getting too much
power (B) make taxation easier (C) restrict the powers of the federal government (D)
insure a perfect government (E) insure that at least one branch will always be operative.
49. Which of the following is often called the "father of the Constitution" and was
president during the War of 1812? (A) Thomas Jefferson (B) John Adams (C) James
Monroe (D) John Q. Adams (E) James Madison.
50. The Constitution has grown by the addition of (A) 10 (B) 15 (C) 26 (D) 32 (E) 33
amendments.
51. The first political parties in the United States were the (A) Federalists and the
Whigs (B) Democrats and the Free Soilers (C) Democrat-Republicans and the Federalists
(D) Republicans and the Democrats (E) Democrats and the Whigs.
52. Which of the following was not a characteristic of the Washington-Adams
administration? (A) wealthy aristocrats ruled (B) common men worked with the
aristocrats in government (C) few were qualified to vote (D) undemocratic in terms of our
present democracy (E) the Federalist party's policies were generally favored.
53. Which of the following men favored the broadest interpretation of the Constitution?
(A) John C. Calhoun (B) Andrew Jackson (C) Thomas Jefferson (D) Roger B. Taney (E)
Alexander Hamilton.
54. Which of the following contributed most to the spirit of nationalism and to a strong
national government? (A) John Marshall (B) Jefferson Davis (C) Thomas Jefferson (D)
Roger B. Taney (E) John C. Calhoun.
55. The Treaty of Ghent indicated that in the War of 1812 (A) the United States won a
decisive . victory (B) Britain won a decisive victory (C) neither side won a decisive
victory (D) neither country wanted to fight (E) the United States needed Great Britain's
trade to survive.
56. The Monroe Doctrine has served as a corner-stone for American (A) economic
policy (B) foreign policy (C) politics (D) policy of separation of church and state (E)
sectionalism.
57. Which of the following presidents was the son of our second president and was
elected in the favorite sons campaign of 1824 after serving as Secretary of State? (A)
James Madison (B) James Monroe (C) Andrew Jackson (D) John Q. Adams (E) William
Henry Harrison.
58. Which of the following presidents was known as "old Hickory" and was a
champion of the common man? (A) Andrew Jackson (B) Benjamin Harrison (C) James
K. Polk (D) Zachary Taylor (E) William Henry Harrison.
59. "Manifest destiny" was a term applied to a policy of (A) high tariffs (B) internal
improvements (C) territorial expansion (D) abolition of slavery (E) sectionalism.
60. With the election of (A) George Washington (B) John Quincy Adams (C) Andrew
Jackson (D) Abraham Lincoln (E) James K. Polk the present day Democratic party
elected its first president
61. Which of the following men would not be a strong advocate of states' rights? (A)
John C. Calhoun (B) Abraham Lincoln (C) Jefferson Davis (D) John C. Breckinridge (E)
Roger B. Taney.
62. As one looks at the period from 1789 to 1868 the most credit for democratic
reforms should be given to the presidency of (A) Washington (B) John Adams (C)
Jefferson (D) Jackson (E) Lincoln.
63. During the presidency of (A) James Monroe (b James Madison (C) William
Harrison (D) James K. Polk (E) Millard Fillmore the United State: reoccupied the Oregon
territory and re-annexed Texas.
64. Which of the following items was not a proposec attempt to solve the slavery
problem? (a Missouri Compromise of 1820 (B) Ostenc Manifesto (C) the Compromise of
1850 (D) the Kansas-Nebraska Bill (E) the three-fifth; Compromise.
65. With the election of (A) Thomas Jefferson (b John Q. Adams (C) Andrew Jackson
(D) James K. Polk (E) Abraham Lincoln the present da> Republican party elected its first
president.
66. Which of the following men was president of the United States at the time that the
Confederate States adopted a permanent constitution? (a. James K. Polk (B) Andrew
Johnson (C) James Buchanan (D) Millard Fillmore (E) Abraham Lincoln.
67. Which of the following men was considered by many authorities as the greatest
military strategist that the War Between the States produced? (a. Robert E. Lee (B)
Stonewall Jackson (c' William T. Sherman (D) Ulysses S. Grant (e! George B.
McClellan.
Becoming a World Power
31. All of the following are causes of the Spanish-American War except (A) Spain was
anxious to have war with the United States (B) the sinking of the Maine (C) the Spanish
government had been cruel to the natives of Cuba (D) many American businessmen
wanted a stable government in Cuba to protect business interests (E) the "jingo" press
branded the DeLome Letter an insult to America's honor.
32. Most of the fighting in the Spanish American War occurred in (A) Cuba and Spain
(B) Puerto Rico and Guam (C) Cuba and Hawaii (D) Manila and Hawaii (E) Cuba and
Manila.
33. By the treaty of peace ending the Spanish-American War the United States acquired
the following islands from Spain: (A) the Philippines Virgin and Cuba (B) the Philippines
Puerto Rico and Cuba (C) the Philippines Wake and Cuba (D) the Philippines Guam and
Cuba (E) the Philippines Guam and Puerto Rico.
34. Part of the indemnity paid to the United States as a result of the Boxer Rebellion
was returned and used to (A) send Chinese to American colleges (B) support American
missionaries in China (C) expand China's economic resources (D) fight Americans in
Korea (E) support American expansion in China.
35. The Treaty which gave to the United States a perpetual lease on a strip of land
across Panama was the (A) Hay-Pauncefote Treaty (B) Hay-Bunau-Varilla (C) ClaytonBulwer (D) Hay-Herran (E) Portsmouth.
36. The Open Door Policy involved (A) the observance of Chinese holidays by
foreigners (B) trade opportunities in Latin America (C) free immigration of orientals to
the United States (D) equal trading opportunities in China for all nations (E) repeal of
Monroe Doctrine.
37. The Insular cases held that (A) the Constitution doesn't follow the flag (B) the
United States . must follow a policy of isolation (C) all islands adjacent to the United
States belong to the United States (D) the Bering Sea should be a closed sea (E) the
United States would not annex Cuba after Spanish-American War.
38. With regard to Latin America the "Roosevelt Corollary" of the Monroe Doctrine
assumed our right to (A) intervene in the internal affairs of a country in the exercise of
international police power (B) grant special privileges to big business in their business
transactions there (C) grant financial aid to backward countries (D) annex territories
threatened by revolution (E) disregard any or all of the Monroe Doctrine.
39. The "Gentlemen's Agreement" was an arrangement (A) by which the Japanese
government agreed to prohibit immigration to the United States (B) with England for the
purpose of allowing British ships to use the Panama Canal free of duties (C) between bigbusiness financiers whereby they fixed prices and wages in order to regulate profits (D)
between Aguinaldo and Dewey for the government of the Philippines (E) between France
and United States not to obtain exclusive control of a canal across Central America.
40. The Bull Moose was the symbol of what political party in 1912? (A) Republican
(B) Socialist (C) Independent (D) Populist (E) Progressive.
41. Teddy Roosevelt's attitude toward big business was that (A) it was bad for the
country (B) only big businesses that were violating the laws should be broken up (C) the
means of production should be owned and operated by the federal government (D) the
government should have a laissez faire philosophy (E) it should be destroyed.
42. Which of the following is not an accomplishment during Teddy Roosevelt's term?
(A) conservation promoted (B) monopolies prosecuted (C) acquired rights to a Panama
Canal (D) ended all difficulties with the Latin American countries (E) the enactment of
laws to secure pure food and drugs.
43. Which of the following presidents were all assassinated? (A) Garfield Roosevelt
Taft (B) Lincoln Roosevelt Taft (C) Lincoln Garfield Taft (D) Lincoln McKinley Arthur
(E) Lincoln Garfield McKinley.
44. Which of the following personalities is quoted as saying "Speak softly but carry a
big stick."? (A) McKinley (B) Wilson (C) Warren G. Harding (D) Taft (E) Teddy
Roosevelt.
45. The "Muckrakers" were (A) a group of powerful industrialists (B) a group of dirty
political candidates (C) a group of powerful lobbyists (D) a group of liberal Republicans
(E) a group of journalists.
46. The Republican candidate in the election of 1908 was (A) Roosevelt (B) McKinley
(C) Wilson (D) Bryan (E) Taft.
47. American soldiers in World War I were nicknamed (A) Mugwumps (B) G.I. Joes
(C) Yankees (D) dogfaces (E) doughboys.
48. The Great White Fleet was sent around the world by Teddy Roosevelt for the
primary purpose of (A) protecting the world from communism (B) showing the strength
of the United States (C) putting Germany in her place (D) giving the naval commanders
experience (E) furnish relief to earthquake sufferers in Southern Italy.
49. Progressivism in the first decade of the twentieth century had its roots in (A) the
Populist movement (B) Roosevelt's Square Deal (C) McKinley's forward-looking policy
(D) the Bull Moose Party (E) Wilson's administration.
50. The practice of permitting the people by popular vote to ask the legislature to
consider passing a certain law is known as the (A) recall (B) initiative (C) referendum
(D) direct primary (E) general election.
51. The Progressives would believe in (A) socialism (B) rugged individualism (C)
putting business interests first (D) government regulation for the benefit of the people (E)
laissez-faire economy.
52. The Federal Reserve system can do which of the following? (A) guarantee good
economic conditions (B) set the value of the dollar (C) control the amount of money in
circulation (D) guarantee good economic conditions (E) set minimum wage.
53. The president that first took an active interest in conservation was (A) Teddy
Roosevelt (B) William Taft (C) Woodrow Wilson (D) F.D. Roosevelt (E) William
McKinley.
54. American troops crossed the United States-Mexican border in 1916 in order to (A)
prevent Germany from conquering Mexico (B) capture Huerta (C) capture Pancho Villa
(D) collect money due the United States government (E) enforce the Monroe Doctrine.
55. The final cause for American entry into World War I was (A) insults to our
ambassador in Germany (B) the invasion of Belgium (C) the resumption of unrestricted
submarine warfare (D) the sinking of the Lusitania (E) the desire to secure naval bases
for the protection of American interests abroad.
56. The Sussex Pledge was made by (A) England (B) Germany (C) Ireland (D) the
United States (E) Japan.
57. Which of the following was not an ally of the United States during World War I?
(A) France (B) England (C) Japan (D) Austria-Hungary (E) Belgium.
58. During World War I American soldiers fought in all the following battles except
(A) Belleau Wood (B) Chateau-Thierry (C) Argonne Forest (D) Cantigny (E) Gallipoli.
59. The (A) Fourteenth (B) Fifteenth (C) Seventeenth (D) Eighteenth (E) Nineteenth
amendment provided for the popular election of senators.
60. Woman suffrage was first practiced in (A) the East (B) the North (C) the West (D)
the South (E) New England.
61. The rejection of the League of Nations and the failure of the United States to ratify
the Versailles Treaty were due largely to the (A) inability of President Wilson to win over
a Democratic senate (B) conviction of the American people that it was dangerous to
American interests to sign the treaty and join the league (C) the illness of President
Wilson (D) membership of Communist Russia in the League (E) fact that United States
received no additional land.
62. All of the following are part of Wilson's Fourteen Points except (A) open covenants
of peace openly arrived at (B) the removal of economic barriers (C) the restoration of
Kaiser Wilhelm to the throne (D) provision for the League of Nations (E) recognition of
the principle of freedom of the sea.
63. Which of the following was not a cause of World War I? (A) colonial rivalry (B)
the alliance system (C) United States' desire for more territory (D) nationalism of
subjected peoples of Europe (E) the military build-up.
64. The Boxer Rebellion took place in (A) Cuba (B) Germany (C) Puerto Rico (D)
Japan (E) China.
65. World War I began in the year of (A) 1913 (B) 1914 (C) 1916 (D) 1917 (E) 1919.
66. The United States entered World War I in the year of (A) 1913 (B) 1914 (C) 1916
(D) 1917 (E) 1919.
67. The Colossus of the North refers to (A) the United States (B) Mexico (C) Russia
(D) China (E) Greenland.
Boom and Bust
29. Which of the following was a sore spot created by the peace settlement of World
War I? (A) the Polish Corridor (B) Fascist Italy (C) Communist Poland (D) the large
Japanese navy (E) Communist Russia.
30. Women voted for the first time in a presidential election in (A) 1916 (B) 1920 (C)
1924 (D) 1928 (E) 1932.
31. The Twenty-first Amendment repealed the (A) Sixteenth (B) Seventeenth (C)
Eighteenth (D) Nineteenth (E) Twentieth.
32. A presidential administration which could almost equal the corruption found in the
administration of Grant would be (A) Harding's (B) Wilson's (C) Arthur's (D) Taft's (E)
F.D.R.'s.
33. The outlawing of war was the primary purpose of the (A) Kellogg-Briand Pact (B)
Five-power treaty (C) Webster-Ashburton treaty (D) Treaty of Paris (E) Portsmouth
treaty.
34. The immigration law of 1929 favored immigrants from (A) Great Britain (B) Spain
(C) Italy (D) Turkey (E) Greece.
35. Hoover believed that (A) the federal government should assume responsibility for
the unemployed (B) the American economic system should be severely overhauled (C)
the effects of the depression were underestimated (D) states should take care of their own
unemployed (E) states couldn't handle the depression alone.
36. Which of the following men made the statement during the 1920's "The homes of
the future will have two cars in every garage and two chickens in every pot." (A)
Woodrow Wilson (B) Herbert Hoover (C) Calvin Coolidge (D) Franklin Roosevelt (E)
Warren G. Harding.
37. The economic collapse that led to a Democratic victory in 1932 occurred in (A)
1927 (B) 1928 (C) 1929 (D) 1930 (E) 1931.
38. The Twentieth Amendment changed the time of the opening of Congress to (A)
January 3 (B) January 20 (C) January 25 (D) March 3 (E) March 15.
39. The major presidential issue of 1932 was (A) the tariff (B) depression (C)
imperialism (D) bungling diplomacy (E) inflation.
40. Franklin D. Roosevelt initiated what he called the (A) New Freedom (B) Fair Deal
(C) Square Deal (D) New Frontiers (E) New Deal.
41. Republican reaction and return to normalcy in the 1920's meant (A) getting war
tempers settled and furthering labor interests (B) return to the trust "busting" of Taft and
Roosevelt (C) return to the McKinley days when business prospered (D) return to the
time when there was less business in government (E) return to Theodore Roosevelt's antitrust policies.
42. Laissez-faire and the way that it pertains to business means (A) more government
regulation (B) "hands off" business (C) I don't care attitude (D) strict control of business
(E) government ownership.
43. The National Industrial Recovery Act was established chiefly to (A) help business
and industry (B) aid the farmers (C) aid the exporters and importers (D) help the Public
Works Administration (E) build new schools.
44. All of the following programs were initiated to provide jobs for the unemployed
except (A) Public Works Administration (B) Works Progress Administration (C) Civilian
Conservation Corps (D) Civil Works Administration (E) Congress for Industrial
Organization.
45. The change from the Republican government of the 1920's to the Roosevelt
government of the 1930's was generally considered a change from (A) government
regulation and interference to a Laissez-faire attitude (B) a radical to a conservative view
(C) a liberal view on politics to a more conservative view (D) a liberal view to a
reactionary policy (E) a conservative attitude to more of a liberal view.
46. Which of the following labor organizations was organized in the 1930's? (A) the
American Federation of Labor (B) the Knights of Labor (C) the United Railway Workers
(D) the Congress for Industrial Organization (E) United Mine Workers.
47. Part of Franklin D. Roosevelt's monetary policy was to (A) devaluate the dollar (B)
cut down the money supply (C) open a new mint (D) issue only Federal Reserve notes
(E) repeal the Federal Reserve Act.
48. Which of the following is true about farm parity? (A) is a good relationship
between the prices that a farmer gets for his products and the goods he has to purchase
(B) parity price is always the same (C) 80% parity means that a farmer will get more for
his product than if he received 100% parity (D) farm parity was initiated to help the
consumer (E) was a method of improving farm production.
49. The Communist presidential candidate of 1936 and 1940 was (A) Wallace (B)
Wilkie (C) Browder (D) Thomas (E) Franklin D. Roosevelt.
50. Which of the following five events occurred last? (A) ever-normal granary (B)
Agricultural Adjustment Act (C) McNary-Haugen Bills (D) Hitler's attack on Poland (E)
Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor.
51. Which of the following men made the statement "The only thing we have to fear is
fear itself."? (A) Woodrow Wilson (B) Herbert Hoover (C) Warren Harding (D) Calvin
Coolidge (E) Franklin D. Roosevelt.
52. Which of the following did most in making the United States a world power? (A)
the Spanish-American War (B) the Civil War (C) the League of Nations (D) the World
Court (E) the Roosevelt Corollary.
53. What was new about Franklin D. Roosevelt's program for the Latin American
countries? (A) political domination (B) dollar diplomacy (C) ti eating them as equals (D)
economic imperialism (E) international police power.
54. Which of the following wasn't a part of Hitler's program in the 30's? (A) breaking
the Treaty of Versailles (B) make Germany a world power (C) bring back to Germany
millions of lost Germans that had been incorporated into other countries (D) aiding the
Jews and Socialists (E) adding more land to Germany.
55. During which of the following conferences were there territorial concessions made
to Hitler which enabled him to acquire additional territory? (A) Munich (B) Yalta (C)
Paris (D) Potsdam (E) Washington.
56. Which of the following presidents did most toward bettering relations with the
Latin-American countries? (A) Franklin D. Roosevelt (B) Teddy Roosevelt (C) Taft (D)
Harding (E) Woodrow Wilson.
57. The National Labor Relations Act (A) increased the power of management over
labor (B) protected labor and encouraged the growth of unions (C) outlawed boycotts
strikes and collective bargaining (D) unionized all employees in factories having more
than fifty workers (E) nationalized all labor unions.
58. Franklin D. Roosevelt's trouble with the Supreme Court centered around (A) the
Supreme Court justices believing there should be more justices on the court (B) the court
declaring unconstitutional important New Deal legislation (C) getting Senate approval for
two justices which President Roosevelt appointed (D) the court being too liberal in its
interpretation of legislation (E) rendering advisory opinions that he had not called for.
59. The British Prime Minister at the Munich Conference was (A) Neville Chamberlain
(B) Lloyd George (C) Winston Churchill (D) Ramsey MacDonald (E) Stanley Baldwin.
60. Which one of the following New Deal Acts provided for unemployment
compensation? (A) Fair Labor Standards Act (B) National Labor Relations Act (C) Social
Security Act of 1935 (D) Tennessee Valley Authority (E) National Industrial Recovery
Act.
61. Which one of the following industries had the greatest economical impact on the
1920's? (A) movie (B) aviation (C) chemical (D) automobile
(E) steel.
62. The first successful "talking motion picture" was (A) Nanook of the North (B) All
Quiet on the Western Front (C) The Jazz Singer (D) Shuffle Along (E) Greed.
27. World War II began in the year of (A) 1937 (B) 1939 (C) 1940 (D) 1943 (E) 1945.
28. Which of the following is the best reason why the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor?
(A) she had grievances against the Hawaiian Islands (B) she needed the economic
resources of the Hawaiian Islands (C) the United States was the only country that stood
between her and the complete domination of the Far East (D) it was
the closest United States base (E) she wished to punish Japanese-Americans living on the
Hawaiian Islands.
29. All of the following were battle areas in World War II except (A) Midway (B)
Guadalcanal (C) Iwo Jima (D) Okinawa (E) Pusan.
30. The fighting surrounding Iwo Jima and Okinawa during World War II was severe
because (A) they were the first battles of the war (B) they protected Australia and New
Zealand (C) they were the last strongholds of the Japanese before the retreat to their
homeland (D) these islands protected the Hawaiian Islands (E) they protected the
Philippines.
31. The United States entered World War II on December 8 (A) 1939 (B) 1940 (C)
1941 (D) 1943 (E) 1945.
32. Which of the following countries was not occupied by Germany during World War
II? (A) Switzerland (B) France (C) Holland (D) Denmark (E) Norway.
33. The atomic bomb was first used (A) before Japan was warned that she must
surrender (B) after the landing of American troops on the mainland of Japan (C) before
Russia came into the Pacific war (D) after Japan had surrendered (E) before Germany
surrendered.
34. The Dumbarton Oaks conference accomplished which of the following? (A) drafted
plans for the United Nations (B) proposed a treaty with Japan (C) planned the strategy for
the Pacific war (D) planned the opening of a Second Front (E) proposed an atomic attack
on Japan.
35. Which of the following is not an effect of World War II? (A) awakened Asia and
Africa (B) made the United States and the U.S.S.R. leading powers of the world (C)
created a stronger World Organization (D) eliminated the possibility of any future war
(E) division of Germany.
36. The Marshall plan proposed (A) military intervention against the Chinese
Communists (B) the economic recovery of Europe (C) military aid for Greece (D)
confining Communism to Eastern Europe (E) defense.
37. Which of the following gave the greatest support to the Taft-Hartley Act? (A)
President Truman (B) conservative forces (C) liberal Democrats (D) labor (E) Socialists.
38. All of the following are gains by labor since the 1880's except (A) rebates (B)
collective bargaining (C) lobbying power (D) greater union membership (E) higher wage
scale and shorter working hours.
39. The major presidential public opinion polls in 1948 predicted (A) the election
would be a toss-up (B) the re-election of Truman (C) the election of Dewey (D) a slight
advantage for Truman (E) the election of Strom Thurmond.
40. The Democratic party in 1948 split over the issue of (A) price controls (B) the TaftHartley Act (C) Civil Rights (D) Communism (E) inflation. predominantly (A) French
(B) British (C) American (D) Turkish (E) Canadian.
42. Which of the following presidential winners would have been less likely to have
said what we need is "more business in government"? (A) Herbert Hoover (B) Warren G.
Harding (C) Dwight Eisenhower (D) Franklin D. Roosevelt (E) Calvin Coolidge.
43. The first atomic bomb was dropped on the city of (A) Berlin (B) Moscow (C)
Peking (D) Nagasaki (E) Hiroshima.
44. A new cabinet post created under the Eisenhower administration was the (A)
Secretary of Health Education and Welfare (B) Secretary of Foreign Affairs (C) Secretary
of War (D) Secretary of National Defense (E) Secretary of Housing and Urban
Development.
45. The Twenty-second Amendment provided that (A) no president may be elected for
over three terms (B) no president may be elected for over two terms (C) any president
could break the two-term custom (D) executive agreements are unconstitutional (E) the
poll tax would be banned in national elections.
46. There was criticism of the McCarthy investigation because (A) there were no
Communists in the United States (B) his methods were questionable (C) he had ties with
the Communists (D) his suggestions were not drastic enough (E) he was too socialistic in
his attitude.
47. Which of the following presidents ordered federal troops to Little Rock Arkansas to
enforce school desegregation? (A) Harry Truman (B) Dwight Eisenhower (C) John F.
Kennedy (D) Lyndon Johnson (E) Richard M. Nixon.
48. Which of the following was not prominent in the Civil Rights movement? (A)
James Meredith (B) Medgar Evers (C) Roy Wilkins (D) Martin Luther King (E) Ralph
Bunche.
49. The largest item of expenditure in the federal government is for (A) defense (B)
interest on money borrowed (C) agriculture (D) the space program (E) welfare programs.
50. Over half of the total money acquired by the federal government comes from (A)
corporation taxes (B) custom and excise taxes (C) income taxes (D) state government
taxes (E) cigarette gasoline and liquor taxes.
51. President Eisenhower's administration opposed (A) meetings with the U.S.S.R. (B)
continuing foreign aid (C) increases in Social Security (D) extension of government
development of electrical power (E) the policy of containment of Communism.
41. The United Nations forces in Korea were52. During his administrations President
Eisenhower worked mainly with a Congress that was (A) Democratic (B) Republican (C)
evenly divided between parties (D) heavily Republican (E) slightly Republican.
53. The city of West Berlin is presently surrounded by the (A) Russian or Communist
zone (B) French zone (C) United States zone (D) Allied zone (E) British zone.
54. The first Negro to serve in a President's cabinet was (A) Martin Luther King (B)
Edward Brookes (C) Thurgood Marshall (D) Robert Weaver (E) James Meredith.
55. The first man-made satellite to orbit the earth was launched by (A) the United
States (B) Britain (C) Israel (D) Russia (E) an international commission.
56. Which of the following presidents created the Peace Corps? (A) Harry Truman (B)
Dwight Eisenhower (C) John F. Kennedy (D) Lyndon Johnson (E) Richard M. Nixon.
57. Who was given much of the credit for the program of U.S. aid which after World
War II made Europe prosper and provided a bulwark against Communism? (A) Harry
Truman (B) George Marshall (o) Dean Acheson (D) Dwight Eisenhower (E) Adlai
Stevenson.
58. Which of the following was not a candidate for president in the presidential election
of 1948? (A) Harry S. Truman (B) Henry Wallace (C) Strom Thurmond (D) Adlai
Stevenson (E) Thomas Dewey.
59. Which of the following coined the phrase "Iron Curtain"? (A) Hitler (B) Nixon (C)
Churchill (D) Roosevelt (E) Truman.
60. Which of the following was not a provision of the Taft-Hartley Act? (A) federal
injunctions may be granted against strikes that cripple the national economy (B) unions
must file detailed annual financial reports (C) political expenditures by unions are
forbidden (D) unions can be sued by employers for damages (E) closed shop is outlawed
and union shop restricted.
61. John F. Kennedy was assassinated in the city of (A) Chicago (B) New York (C) Los
Angeles (D) Nashville (E) Dallas.
62. The Republican candidate for the presidency in 1964 was (A) Henry Cabot Lodge
(B) Barry Goldwater (C) Richard Nixon (D) Hubert Humphrey (E) Robert Taft.
63. The candidate and founder of the American Independent Party in 1968 was (A)
Hubert Humphrey (B) Strom Thurmond (C) George Wallace (D) Eugene McCarthy (E)
Norman Thomas.
64. He headed a Commission that investigated the assassination of President Kennedy:
(A) Lyndon Johnson (B) William F. Miller (C) Robert Kennedy (D) Jack Ruby (E) Earl
Warren.
Second Semester Exam
35. Which of the following presidents withdrew federal troops from the South? (A)
Andrew Johnson (B) U.S. Grant (C) Rutherford B. Hayes (D) James Garfield (E) Chester
A. Arthur.
36. Which of the following are incorrectly matched?
(A)
John D. Rockefeller
oil
(B)
Andrew Carnegie
coal
(C)
Cornelius Vanderbilt
railroads
(D)
J.P. Morgan
banking
(E)
Henry Ford
automobile.
37. The Interstate Commerce Act was passed primarily to (A) allocate lands to the
railroads (B) provide pensions for Civil War veterans (C) forbid railroad rate
discrimination (D) give the president power to fix railroad requirements (E) allocate lands
to be under Homestead Act.
38. All of the following are examples of labor unrest during the 1880's and 90's except
(A) Pullman Strike (B) march on Washington by Coxey's army (C) Haymarket Square
Riot (D) Fifth Avenue Massacre (E) Homestead Strike.
39. Which of the following islands did the United States acquire from Spain as a result
of the Spanish-American War? (A) Philippines (B) Hawaii (C) Cuba (D) Samoa (E)
Puerto Rico.
40. The United States pronounced its Open-Door Policy to (A) prevent the Great
Powers from dividing China among themselves (B) aid Chinese industrialization (C)
prevent China from raising her tariff rates against the United States (D) compel China to
accept Western civilization (E) allow Chinese and Japanese immigration.
41. During McKinley's administration which of the following groups had the greatest
influence in the federal government? (A) labor (B) big business (C) farmers (D) small
businessmen (E) soldiers.
42. The Third Party that planted seeds of radicalism in the Democratic Party in the
1890's was the (A) Progressive Party (B) Populist Party (C) Dixiecrats (D) Farmocrats
(E) Bull Moose Party.
43. All of the following were Presidents of the United States except (A) Chester Arthur
(B) Grover Cleveland (C) William J. Bryan (D) Calvin Coolidge (E) Warren G. Harding.
44. Theodore Roosevelt's method of acquiring territory through which to build the
Panama Canal was (A) opposed in Panama (B) opposed by the French company that had
tried to build a canal there (C) supported by all groups in the United States (D) opposed
by most imperialists (E) opposed by Colombia.
45. In the Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine Roosevelt was (A) upholding the rights of
European governments to collect debts owed to them (B) establishing a Pan-American
Union (C) upholding the right of the United States to intervene in Latin-American affairs
(D) discouraging "dollar diplomacy" (E) repealing the Monroe Doctrine.
46. The president during World War I was (A) Woodrow Wilson (B) Teddy Roosevelt
(C) Warren Harding (D) Franklin D. Roosevelt (E) William McKinley.
47. Which of the following is not a grievance against Great Britain during the first part of
World War I? (A) sinking American ships (B) seizure of an expanded list of contraband
(C) blockade of neutral European ports (D) seizure of neutral ships on the high seas (E)
searched cargoes of neutral ships.
48.
All of the following are provisions of Wilson's Fourteen Points except (A)
punishment of Germany (B) removal of economic barriers (C) freedom of the seas (D)
open diplomacy (E) right of self-determination.
49. Progressivism in the first decade of the twentieth century had its roots in the (A)
Republican administrations of the 1880's (B) Populist movement (C) McKinley's
program (D) Bull Moose Party (E) Wilson administration.
50. The immigration laws of the 1920's favored immigrants from (A) China (B)
Southern Europe (C) Eastern Europe (D) Far East (E) Northern Europe.
51. The outlawing of war was the primary purpose of the (A) Portsmouth Treaty (B)
Five-power Treaty (C) Webster-Ashburton Treaty (D) Washington Naval Conference (E)
Kellogg-Briand Pact.
52. Which group is not paired correctly?
(A) Warren Harding
(B) Teddy Roosevelt
(C) Wendell Wilkie
(D) Ulysses S. Grant
(E) Franklin Roosevelt
return to normalcy
arbitrated the Russo-Japanese War
elected president in 1936
corrupt administration
Bank Holiday.
53. The defeated Democratic Catholic candidate for president in 1928 was (A) Debs
(B) Al Smith (C) Tom Dewey (D) James Cox (E) James W. Davis.
54. Which of the following is not paired correctly? (A) Teddy Roosevelt - Bull Moose
Party (B) Henry Wallace — the Socialist leader from 1900-1920 (C) Franklin D.
Roosevelt - New Deal (D) Harry Truman — Fair Deal (E) John F. Kennedy — New
Frontier.
35. Which of the following presidents withdrew federal troops from the South? (A)
Andrew Johnson (B) U.S. Grant (C) Rutherford B. Hayes (D) James Garfield (E) Chester
A. Arthur.
36. Which of the following are incorrectly matched?
(A) John D. Rockefeller
oil
(B) Andrew Carnegie
coal
(C) Cornelius Vanderbilt
railroads
(D) J.P. Morgan
banking
(E) Henry Ford
automobile.
37. The Interstate Commerce Act was passed primarily to (A) allocate lands to the
railroads (B) provide pensions for Civil War veterans (C) forbid railroad rate
discrimination (D) give the president power to fix railroad requirements (E) allocate lands
to be under Homestead Act.
38. All of the following are examples of labor unrest during the 1880's and 90's except
(A) Pullman Strike (B) march on Washington by Coxey's army (C) Haymarket Square
Riot (D) Fifth Avenue Massacre (E) Homestead Strike.
. Which of the following islands did the United States acquire from Spain as a result of
the Spanish-American War? (A) Philippines (B) Hawaii (C) Cuba (D) Samoa (E) Puerto
Rico.
40. The United States pronounced its Open-Door Policy to (A) prevent the Great
Powers from dividing China among themselves (B) aid Chinese industrialization (C)
prevent China from raising her tariff rates against the United States (D) compel China to
accept Western civilization (E) allow Chinese and Japanese immigration.
41. During McKinley's administration which of the following groups had the greatest
influence in the federal government? (A) labor (B) big business (C) farmers (D) small
businessmen (E) soldiers.
42. The Third Party that planted seeds of radicalism in the Democratic Party in the
1890's was the (A) Progressive Party (B) Populist Party (C) Dixiecrats (D) Farmocrats
(E) Bull Moose Party.
43. All of the following were Presidents of the United States except (A) Chester Arthur
(B) Grover Cleveland (C) William J. Bryan (D) Calvin Coolidge (E) Warren G. Harding.
44. Theodore Roosevelt's method of acquiring territory through which to build the
Panama Canal was (A) opposed in Panama (B) opposed by the French company that had
tried to build a canal there (C) supported by all groups in the United States (D) opposed
by most imperialists (E) opposed by Colombia.
45. In the Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine Roosevelt was limiting the rights of
European governments to collect debts owed to them (B) establishing a Pan-American
Union (C) upholding the right of the United States to intervene in Latin-American affairs
(D) discouraging "dollar diplomacy" (E) repealing the Monroe Doctrine.
46. The president during World War I was (A) Woodrow Wilson (B) Teddy Roosevelt
(C) Warren Harding (D) Franklin D. Roosevelt (E) William McKinley.
47. Which of the following is not a grievance against Great Britain during the first part
of World War I? (A) sinking American ships (B) seizure of an expanded list of
contraband (C) blockade of neutral European ports (D) seizure of neutral ships on the
high seas (E) searched cargoes of neutral ships.
48. All of the following are provisions of Wilson's Fourteen Points except (A)
punishment of Germany (B) removal of economic barriers (C) freedom of the seas (D)
open diplomacy (E) right of self-determination.
49. Progressivism in the first decade of the twentieth century had its roots in the (A)
Republican administrations of the 1880's (B) Populist movement (C) McKinley's
program (D) Bull Moose Party (E) Wilson administration.
50. The immigration laws of the 1920's favored immigrants from (A) China (B)
Southern Europe (C) Eastern Europe (D) Far East (E) Northern Europe.
51. The outlawing of war was the primary purpose of the (A) Portsmouth Treaty (B)
Five-power Treaty (C) Webster-Ashburton Treaty (D) Washington Naval Conference (E)
Kellogg-Briand Pact.
52. Which group is not paired correctly?
(A) Warren Harding
return to normalcy
(B) Teddy Roosevelt
arbitrated the Russo-Japanese War
(C) Wendell Wilkie
elected president in 1936
(D) Ulysses S. Grant
corrupt administration
(E) Franklin Roosevelt
Bank Holiday.
53. The defeated Democratic Catholic candidate for president in 1928 was (A) Debs
(B) Al Smith (C) Tom Dewey (D) James Cox (E) James W. Davis.
54. Which of the following is not paired correctly? (A) Teddy Roosevelt - Bull Moose
Party (B) Henry Wallace - the Socialist leader from 1900-1920 (C) Franklin D. Roosevelt
- New Deal (D) Harry Truman - Fair Deal (E) John F. Kennedy — New Frontier.
55. Which of the following presidents was not assassinated? (A) Wilson (B) McKinley
(C) Garfield (D) Lincoln (E) Kennedy.
56. All of the following were a part of Hitler's program in the 1930's except (A)
breaking the Treaty of Versailles (B) making Germany a world power (C) bringing back
to Germany millions of lost Germans that had been incorporated into other countries (D)
communizing Austria and Poland (E) crushing Communism in Germany.
57. All of the following were New Deal legislatioi except (A) NIRA (B) AAA (C)
WPA (D) CCC (E) OEO.
58. Which of the following countries has not been ai enemy of the United States in the
past sixty-five' years? (A) Japan (B) Italy (C) Spain (D) France (E) Germany.
Final Both Semesters
11. Which of the following countries was the first to explore in the New World? (A)
England (B) Portugal (C) Holland (D) France (E) Spain.
12. The defeat of the Spanish Armada was most important to America because it (A)
decreased the influence of the English crown (B) ended the Spanish Empire in the
Americas. (C) demonstrated the superiority of the British fleet (D) gave England the
control of the sea and secured for her freedom to colonize (E) allowed her to break away
immediately after the defeat.
13. The English established colonies in America for all the following reasons except
(A) to escape religious persecution (B) to search for riches (C) to please the Pope (D)
economic strife in England (E) to escape political persecution.
34. Of the early colonial nations which of the following countries was most concerned
about establishing permanent homes and colonies? (A) English (B) French (C) Spanish
(D) Portuguese
(E) Swedish.
15. The first permanent English settlement was at (A) Jamestown (B) Plymouth (C)
Quebec (D) St. Augustine (E) Baltimore.
16. The colonial power which was most interested in fur trading was (A) England (B)
France (C) Spain (D) Portugal (E) Holland.
17. The colonial nation that explored in the St. Lawrence River and Great Lakes area
was (A) England (B) Sweden (C) Spain (D) Portugal (E) France.
18. Which of the following is incorrectly matched? (A) French - Quebec (B) Cortes Aztecs (C) Magellan — Oregon Territory (D) Henry Hudson — Hudson River (E)
Portugal - Brazil.
19. Which of the following is incorrectly matched? (A) Rhode Island - Thomas Hooker
founder (B) Maryland — Lord Baltimore founder (C) Georgia
- Oglethorpe founder (D) Pennsylvania — William Penn founder (E) New Hampshire —
John Mason founder.
20. Which of the following men is known as the author of the Declaration of
Independence? (A) Thomas Paine (B) Andrew Jackson (C) Alexander Hamilton (D)
George Washington (E) Thomas Jefferson.
21. The Constitution divides the powers of the federal government among the three
branches chiefly to (A) restrict the powers of the federal government (B) restrict the
powers of the state governments (C) prevent any person or group of persons from getting
too much power (D) provide for a perfect government (E) increase power of federal
government.
22. Civil Rights have been broadened by the Supreme Court's interpretation of which
Constitutional Amendement? (A) 1st (B) 18th (C) 13th (D) 21st (E) 14th.
23. Which of the following is incorrectly matched? (A) Second Continental Congress birth of the United States (B) Declaration of Independence- Thomas Jefferson (C)
Articles of Confederation - weak central government (D) Proclamation of 1763 —
colonists must trade with only Great Britain (E) Line of Demarcation- divided New
World between Spain and Portugal.
24. Which of the following is incorrectly matched? (A) Navigation Acts - Townshend
program (B) Red Coats - Minutemen (C) Battle of Breed's Hill - War of 1812 (D)
Thomas Paine -Common Sense (E) House of Burgesses — Virginia.
25. Which of the following is incorrectly matched? (A) Marbury vs. Madison Congressional Act declared unconstitutional (B) Federalist — Thomas Jefferson (C)
Alexander Hamilton — a first national bank (D) Constitutional Convention — Patterson
and the small state plan for New Jersey (E) Samuel Adams — Committees of
Correspondence.
26. The Louisiana Territory was purchased from (A) France (B) England (C) Spain (D)
Russia (E) Mexico.
27. All of the following are correct about the War of 1812 except (A) United States
fought France (B) there was little land fighting (C) results were indecisive (D) elevated
Andrew Jackson to prominence (E) the Treaty of Ghent ended the war.
28. With the election of (A) John Q. Adams (B) Andrew Jackson (C) James Polk (D)
Abraham Lincoln (E) John Adams the present day Democratic party elected its first
president.
29. The Monroe Doctrine has served as a cornerstone for American (A) economic
policy (B) foreign policy (C) domestic policy (D) politics (E) social and cultural
development.
30. Which of the following presidents was known as "Old Hickory"? (A) Zachary
Taylor (B) James K. Polk (C) Andrew Jackson (D) John Adams (E) Abraham Lincoln.
31. All of the following men would be strong advocates of States' Rights except (A)
Orville Faubus (B) Jefferson Davis (C) John C. Calhoun (D) Alexander Hamilton (E)
Barry Goldwater.
32. All of the following were attempts to compromise the slavery problem except (A)
Missouri Compromise of 1820 (B) Compromise of 1850 (C) Kansas-Nebraska Bill (D)
Ostend Manifesto (E) Three-fifths Compromise.
33. With the election of (A) James Madison (B) Thomas Jefferson (C) Abraham
Lincoln (D) Benjamin Harrison (E) William McKinley the present day Republican party
elected its first president.
34. The 1846 Oregon settlement with Great Britain (A) established the present
boundary between the United States and Canada from the Rockies westward (B) turned
over fur posts in the Oregon Territory to Great Britain (C) provided that Great Britain and
the United States would govern the territory jointly (D) banned slavery from the territory
(E) resulted from the War of 1812.
35. All of the following are correct about the Civil War except (A) North had greater
capital (B) North had superior military leaders (C) South was fighting a defensive war
(D) North had an established government (E) North was more populated.
36. Which of the following men was president of the Confederacy during the Civil
War? (A) Robert E. Lee (B) Alexander Stephens (C) James Calhoun (D) Andrew
Johnson (E) Jefferson Davis.
37. The leading Confederate military leader of the Civil War was (A) Robert E. Lee (B)
Stonewall Jackson (C) Ulysses Grant (D) William T. Sherman (E) Alexander Stephens.
38. All of the following were Chief Justices of the Supreme Court except (A) John
Marshall (B) Roger Taney (C) Charles Evans Hughes (D) John Adams (E) William H.
Taft.
39. All of the following were Secretaries of State except (A) John Quincy Adams (B)
John Hay (C) William Tweed (D) Cordell Hull (E) James G. Blaine.
40. All of the following were Republican presidents except (A) Herbert Hoover (B)
William McKinley (C) Richard Nixon (D) Warren Harding (E) Woodrow Wilson.
41. All of the following were Democratic presidents except (A) Andrew Jackson (B)
Harry Truman (C) Franklin D. Roosevelt (D) John Kennedy (E) Dwight Eisenhower.
42. Which of the following is incorrectly matched? (A) Tweed Ring - New York City
(B) assassination of President Kennedy — Dallas (C) Pendergast — Kansas City (D)
Tammany Hall — New York City (E) Mormons - San Francisco.
43. Which of the following is incorrectly matched? (A) Pickett's Charge - Civil War (B)
James Madison — Father of Constitution (C) John D. Rockefeller — Standard Oil (D)
Commodore Perry - Civil War (E) John Adams — Alien and Sedition Acts.
44. Which of the following is incorrectly matched? (A) Franklin D. Roosevelt — New
Deal (B) Warren G. Harding - return to normalcy (C) Ulysses Grant — corrupt
administration (D) the Mexican War - the Versailles Treaty (E) United States
Independence recognized — Treaty of Paris.
45. Which of the following is incorrectly matched? (A) Lewis and Clark Expedition —
Oregon Territory (B) John C. Fremont - the Pathfinder (C) De Soto - Mississippi River
(D) Mormon migration — Walt Whitman (E) John Brown — Harpers Ferry.
46. Which of the following is incorrectly matched? (A) William H. Harrison - Battle of
Tippecanoe (B) James Monroe's presidency — "Era of good feeling" (C) John Marshall opposed a strong Supreme Court (D) John Brown — abolitionist movement (E) John
Kennedy — Peace Corps.
47. Which of the following is incorrectly matched? (A) Clayton-Bulwer Treaty — canal
across isthmus of Central America (B) Kansas-Nebraska Bill -created Indian Territory
(C) Perry — Japan (D) Harriet Beecher Stowe - Uncle Tom's Cabin (E) William
McKinley — Spanish-American War.
48. Which of the following is incorrectly matched? (A) William Seward — general
during the Civil War (B) Carpetbaggers - Northerners (C) President Johnson —
impeached (D) Ku Klux Klan — intimidation of minority groups (E) Roger Taney - Dred
Scott.
49. All of the following presidents were assassinated except (A) McKinley (B) Garfield
(C) Lincoln (D) Kennedy (E) Jackson.
50. The greatest surge of industrial growth in the United States followed the (A)
Revolutionary War (B) War of 1812 (C) Mexican War (D) Civil War (E) Korean War.
51. The President of the United States during World War I was (A) Teddy Roosevelt
(B) Franklin D. Roosevelt (C) James Madison (D) William McKinley (E) Woodrow
Wilson.
52. All of the following have been Third Parties in the United States except (A)
Populist Party (B) Bull-Moose Party (C) Free-Soil Party (D) Catholic Party (E) AntiMason Party.
53. The Commander of the American Expeditionary Forces during World War I was
(A) Ulysses Grant (B) Ferdinand Foch (C) John Pershing (D) Douglas MacArthur (E)
Dwight Eisenhower.
54. Ever since the Reconstruction days the South has formed a rather solid block of (A)
Republican votes (B) Democratic votes (C) Liberal votes (D) Independent votes (E)
Communist votes.
55. The British Prime Minister during World War II was (A) Lloyd George (B)
Winston Churchill (C) Neville Chamberlain (D) Clement Atlee (E) Stanley Baldwin.
56. The Commander of the Allied Forces during World War II was (A) Douglas
MacArthur (B) Ferdinand Foch (C) Dwight Eisenhower (D) John J. Pershing (E)
Jonathan Wainwright.