Name: _____________________
Period: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Chemistry of Life part 1 Review Guide
Test Date:
- 9 MC
We will go over this review __________________.
Use your periodic table and information from Color Coding the periodic
table activity to help you with questions 1- 7
“The table is also arranged in vertical columns called “groups” or “families” and
horizontal rows called “periods.” Each arrangement is significant. The elements in each
vertical column or group have similar properties. The electrons found on the outer shell
of an atom are called valence electrons. Atoms are very stable and “happy” when they
have 8 valence electrons on their outer shell. Group 1 elements all have the electron in
their outer shells. This gives them similar properties. In general elements within the
same group could be substituted with each other in a chemical reaction and will show the
same results. Group 2 elements all have 2 electrons in their outer shells. This also gives
them similar properties. The elements in the first period or row all have one shell. The
elements in period 2 all have 2 shells. The elements in period 3 have 3 shells and so on. “
1. The horizontal rows on the periodic table are called
2. The horizontal rows tell the number of ___________ ________________.
3. The vertical columns on the periodic table are called
4. The vertical columns tell the number of electrons on the ________________
also called ____________________ electrons.
Circle all that apply for numbers 5-7.
5. Under normal conditions Krypton (Kr) is a colorless, odorless gas that does not react
easily with other elements. Which of the following elements shares the same physical
and chemical properties as Krypton?
Fluorine
Lithium
Chlorine
Argon
Potassium
Radon
6. Lithium (Li) is a solid metal that is soft and silvery-white and will react with many
other elements. When in the presence of water, lithium will react with it to form
lithium hydroxide. Which of the following elements shares the same physical and
chemical properties as Lithium?
Cesium
Carbon
Sodium
Beryllium
Radon
Potassium
7. Fluorine (F) is a very reactive and dangerous gas. Fluorine reacts explosively with
hydrogen to form hydrogen fluoride. Which of the following elements could easily
substitute for fluorine in this reaction to form a compound with hydrogen?
Argon
Sulfur
Chlorine
Bromine
Radon
Magnesium
Use the following information from The Heat is On lab to help you with
the following questions.
Plants make their own food through a process called photosynthesis. Humans do
not manufacture their own food so they have to eat food to get energy. Foods provide
your body with materials for growing and for repairing tissue. Your body converts the
foods you eat into nutrients. Nutrients are the substances in food that provide the raw
materials and energy for the body to carry out its processes.
Humans need five different nutrients from their food. They need carbohydrates,
fats, proteins, vitamins, and minerals. Carbohydrates and fat are major sources of
energy. Proteins are needed for tissue growth and repair. Vitamins help in a variety of
chemical reactions. Humans obtain minerals by eating plants (or animals that have eaten
plants) which have absorbed minerals from soil. Minerals are helper elements required
in many body functions.
8. Which essential nutrients can be metabolized (broken down) for energy?
__________________
______________________
_______________________
9. Why are vitamins important for human nutrition?
10. Why are minerals important for human nutrition?
11. Review the indicators used in the lab, “Testing for Life”

Proteins – Your muscles are mostly made of this molecule. Proteins are important
for many things in our bodies including transporting molecules and helping
chemical reactions happen.
o Biuret solution is used to identify the presence of proteins. Biuret solution
is a blue solution that will react with proteins to make a pink-purple color.

Glucose – All living things (that we know of so far) use glucose as their primary
food source. It’s the most simple type of sugar.
o Benedict’s solution is used to test for glucose. It is a clear blue solution
that will react with glucose to make a green, yellow, or red color depending
on how much sugar is present. Test tubes MUST be kept at 40-50 degrees
Celsius for 5 minutes in order for the color to change.

Starch – Starch is one way living things store glucose for use later on. A long
string of glucose molecules makes a starch molecule. It’s the main ingredient in
potatoes, wheat, corn and other grains.
o Iodine solution is used to test for starch. It is a yellow-brown solution that
will react with starch to make a blue-black color.
o
Lipid – Lipids include fats, oils, some hormones and waxes. They have many jobs in
living things such as long-term energy storage and insulation. They are found in
large amounts in plant oils, butter, and nuts.
o The Brown paper test is the simplest way to test for the presence of
lipids – just think of the grease stains on the bag you get French fries in!

Match the indicator with the tested nutrient:
_____Starch
a. Benedict’s
_____Glucose
b. Biuret
_____Protein
c. Brown Paper Bag
_____Lipid
d. Iodine
12. Sugar an example of which type of essential nutrient?
Recall that in any experiment the independent variable is the thing that we allow
to change and the dependent variable DEPENDS on the independent variable and
is the thing that we measure. Read through the following experiment:
REDI’S EXPERIMENT
Long ago, people believed that living organisms could come from dead organisms or non-living
materials. For example, many people believed that flies could form from decaying meat. A
seventeenth century Italian scientist named Francesco Redi did not believe this. He set up an
experiment where he placed same-sized meat samples in two groups of jars. He put lids on the
jars in only one group. In several weeks, flies appeared in the uncovered jars but not in the
covered jars. Redi concluded that flies got into the open jars and laid eggs on the meat, but were
unable to get into the covered jars.
After completing his first experiment, Redi was criticized for using solid lids. His critics said that
no air could get into the covered jars. When he repeated his experiment, Redi changed the
procedure and used thin cloth rather than solid lids. The tiny holes in the cloth allowed air to
pass through it. His new procedure produced the same results as his original one.
13. In the previous experiment, what is the independent variable?