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Unit 5 Review sheets
Name:
date:
1. Pulmonary surfactant is:
a.
b.
secreted by the Type II alveoli
cell
secreted by the Type I alveoli
cell
2006
c.
d.
e.
Reduces surface tension of the
alveolar wall
A and c
B and c
2. Hazards of instillation of artificial surfactant includes:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Barotrauma
Acute upper airway obstruction
Such rapid improvement in lung compliance that the ventilator setting need immediate
adjustment
All of these
None of these
3. Artificial surfactant:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Is instilled into the ET tube and into the lung of the premature infant to reduce surface
tension
Will raise the lung compliance and decrease the WOB
Will decrease the RAW and decrease the WOB
All but b
All but c
4. T/F Once artificial surfactant is instilled into the lower airway and alveoli the body can use
the constituents to create endogenous surfactant.
5. Ethanol is used to reduce:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
the surface tension of immature alveoli
the surface tension of bubbles associated with interstitial pulmonary edema
the surface tension of bubbles associated with acute pulmonary edema
Both a and c
Both a and b
6. Analgesics are:
a.
drug that render a patient
unconscious
7. Some analgesics:
a.
b.
are drugs that relieve pain by
reducing inflammation
are drugs that reduce fever
8. The analgesic, Acetaminophen [Tylenol]
a.
b.
relieves pain by reducing
inflammation
relieves pain by relaxation of
spastic muscles
9. Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAID]
b.
c.
drugs that relieve pain
drugs that reduce fever
c.
d.
both
none
c.
d.
e.
also reduces fever
a, b only
b, c only
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a.
b.
relieves pain by reducing
inflammation
relieves pain by relaxation of
spastic muscles
c.
d.
e.
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also reduces fever
a, c only
b, c only
10. TRUE/FALSE Reduction of inflammation occurs when the analgesic agents prevents the
arachidonic acids from releasing prostaglandins.
11. Examples of NSAID include:
a.
b.
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
i, ii only
i, iii and
Acetaminophen [Tylenol]
aspirin
Advil
Motrin
ibuprofen
iv
12. Side effects of drugs such as ibuprofen include:
a.
b.
c.
gastric upset
ventricular tachycardia
renal failure
13. When given in low doses, Diazepam [Valium]:
a.
b.
is a muscle relaxer
has some mild sedative effect
14. When given in higher doses, Diazepam [Valium]:
a.
c.
d.
results in unconsciousness and
amnesia.
iii, iv and v
all of these
d.
e.
peptic ulcers
all but b
c.
is a strong hypnotic
b.
c.
is a muscle relaxer
has some mild sedative effect
15. TRUE/FALSE Diazepam (Valium) and midazolam (Versed,) commonly used with mechanically
ventilated patients, are less likely to cause cardiovascular depression than other drugs in
their class.
16. Inhaled anesthetics include such drugs as:
a.
b.
c.
nitrous oxide
nitric oxide [iNO]
halothane
d.
e.
f.
Demerol
a, c only
b and c only
17. The major reason pre-op patient are NPO the night before surgery and for hours afterwards
is:
a. these drugs take a long time to
wear off
b. these drugs cause nausea and
vomiting
18. Drugs like nitrous oxide & halothane:
c.
d.
both
none
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a.
b.
c.
d.
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are delivered by machines that titrate the drug
are delivered by machines that support ventilation
both
none
19. Drugs like nitrous oxide & halothane have side effects that include:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
suppression of ventilation,
inability to protect the airway
decreased cardiac function and
increased blood pressure
all but d
20. When a patient is given a mild hypnotic the night before surgery, the intent is:
a.
b.
c.
d.
to reduce pain that can interfere with sleep
to reduce anxiety that can interfere with sleep
both
none
21. Drugs like lidocaine, procaine and cocaine are:
a.
b.
c.
d.
examples of local anesthetics
example of systemic anesthetics
would be rubbed on the skin or inhaled by SVN
a &c
22. Some of the inhaled anesthetic agents can:
a.
b.
c.
d.
make patients more sensitive to endogenous catecholamine thus trigger cardiac
arrhythmias.
cause miscarriages
both
none
23. Some of the inhaled anesthetic agents are dangerous to work around because:
a.
b.
flammable and sometimes
explosive
diffuse into the room to effect
the operating staff
24. Malignant hyperthermia is a side effect of:
a.
b.
c.
some inhaled anesthetic agents
non-depolarizing paralytic agents
depolarizing paralytic agents
c.
d.
both
none
d.
e.
both a and b
both a and c
25. Persons getting general anesthesia must be assessed by:
a.
b.
c.
heart monitor
pulse oximetry
capnography
26. Persons getting general anesthesia must be:
a.
d.
e.
frequent assessment of BBS and
airway patency
all of these
supported by mask bagging and good airway management
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b.
c.
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supported by intubation and mechanical ventilation
both of these might be used based on the time frame of the surgery
27. Persons getting treatment using conscious sedation must be assessed by:
a.
b.
c.
d.
heart monitor
pulse oximetry
frequent assessment of LOC & ability to protect the airway
all of these
28. To perform procedures with conscious sedation there must be at least:
a.
b.
two persons involved [doctor and nurse]
three persons involved [doctor, nurse and RCP]
29. Hypnotics:
a.
b.
drugs given to promote sleep
in smaller doses would act as antiseizure medication
c.
d.
e.
in smaller doses would act as antianxiety drugs
a and b
a and c
30. In excessive doses, this drug can cause ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation
resulting in cardiac arrest.
a. morphine
b. phenytoin [Dilantin]
c.
d.
naloxone [Narcan]
a, b and c
31. Phenytoin [Dilantin] and Phenobarbital:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
are anti-seizure medication
anti-anxiety drugs
have little depression of CNS at low doses, but at high doses can depress respirations
a and c
b and c
32. Neostigmine is used to:
a.
b.
c.
augment sedation by narcotics
antagonist to morphine
antagonist to pancuronium
[Pavulon]
33. Another use of Neostigmine is to:
a.
b.
treat myasthenia gravis
diagnosis myasthenia gravis
d.
e.
both a and b
both b and c
c.
d.
treat malignant hyperthermia
both a and b
34. TRUE/FALSE General anesthesia is a technique in which combinations of hypnotics, IV and
inhaled anesthesia agents render a patient unresponsive to pain and to other stimuli. The
patient’s respirations must be maintained during this action.
35. Naloxone [Narcan] is used:
a.
b.
c.
to augment sedation by narcotics
as a antagonist to morphine
as a antagonist to pancuronium
[Pavulon]
d.
e.
both a and b
both b and c
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36. Succinylcholine is:
a.
b.
c.
an opiate
a hypnotic
reversed by naloxone
37. Morphine and codeine are both:
a.
b.
Opiates
reversed by application of
naloxone [Narcan]
d.
e.
both a and c
none of these
c.
d.
e.
depress the CNS
all but b
all of these
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38. True/False Conscious sedation is a technique of adjusting drug dosages used to perform
minor surgery in such a way that the patient never losses consciousness.
39. Paralytic agents are indicated to:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
reduce the time spent sedated
reduce the muscle splinting of a combative patient on mechanical ventilation
limit the damage to tissue during surgery
a, b and c
b and c only
40. During intubation of the alert patient, the doctor may order sedation and short-term
paralysis by:
a. Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker
b. non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker
c. muscle relaxer such as Diazepam [Valium]
41. When would short-term paralysis be preferable to long-term?
a.
b.
When we need to intubate a combative patient & are worried we may not get the tube in
and don’t want to mask bag for 2-4 hours
When we want to be able to reverse the paralysis with Neostigmine
42. Depolarizing neuromuscular blocking [irreversible paralytic agents]:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
these agents cause paralysis by causing depolarization of the muscle so that teteny
results. The muscle cannot receive another stimulation so paralysis results.
competes with acetylcholine at the skeletal muscle’s nerve endings. Paralysis results
depress the CNS
a and c
b and c
43. The surface tension of the alveolar wall is the same as:
a.
b.
Water
Ethanol
c.
Surfactant