CELL PARTS AND FUNCTIONS
CELL PART
CELL WALL
CELL MEMBRANE
NUCLEUS
PARTS:
A. CHROMATIN/
CHROMOSOMES
B. NUCLEOLUS
C. NUCLEAR
ENVELOPE
CYTOSKELETON
A. CENTRIOLES
B. CILIA (CILIUM)
C. FLAGELLA(UM)
CYTOPLASM
RIBOSOMES
NAME___________________________
DESCRIPTION &
LOCATION
Outer boundary of
protein and carbs.
Plants – contain cellulose
Fungi – contains chitin
Double layer of
phospholipids + protein
Outer boundary of
animal cells
Inside cell wall of other
cells
Ball shaped with many
parts
A. DNA + protein
Threadlike/Rodlike
FUNCTION(S)
PRO
KARY
OTE?
EUKARYOTE
ANIMAL/PLANT?
Supports and protects
X
--------
X
X
X
X
--------
X
X
X
X
X
B. Makes ribosomes
------
X
X
C. Controls what enters and leaves the nucleus
------
X
X
X
X
“Gatekeeper” – controls what enters and
leaves the cell
“Brain” - Controls most cell processes + has
hereditary info.
A. Genetic information
B. Dense sphere
C. Double membrane
with pores
Network of 2 types of protein
threads: microtubules &
microfilaments
A. Special microtubules
B. Eyelash like m.tubules
on surface
C. Whiplike m.tubule
Helps maintain shape, assists in movement
Gel-like fluid
Where cell activities happen
Made of RNA + Protein
- “Free”
- “Attached” to ER
“Protein Factory”
Make proteins
A. Separate chromosomes in cell division
B. Cell movement
X
X
C. Cell movement
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
ENDOPLASMIC
RETICULUM
Series of Membranes
throughout cell
Assemble cell membrane; modify proteins
X
X
A. ROUGH E.R.
A. Has ribosomes
A. Alters proteins from ribosomes for export out
X
X
B. SMOOTH E.R.
B. No ribosomes
B. Makes lipids
X
X
GOLGI APPARATUS
LYSOSOMES
VACUOLES
(VESICLES =
TINY VACUOLE)
MITOCHONDRIA
Stack of membranes
full of enzymes
Stores and packages chemicals by attaching carbs and
lipids to proteins
X
Bags of enzymes
“Digestive bag, suicide bag”
Breakdown food and old cell organelles
X
Saclike containers
Store H2O, salt, protein , carbs., food, etc.
(Huge water vacuole in plant cells!)
Membrane sack with
inner folded membrane
“Powerhouse” – release food energy to make high
energy ATP molecules
Sacs of membranes with
chlorophyll (Green)
pigment
Photosynthesis site - Trap sun’s energy making food
Sacs of membranes with
other pigments in fruits,
flowers, leaves
Provide other colors
AMYLOPLASTS
( LEUKOPLASTS)
Sacs of starch
Store starch
PEROXISOMES
Sacs of special enzymes
CHLOROPLASTS
CHROMOPLASTS
X
Small
or
none
X
X
X
X
X
X
Breakdown toxins (Ex. Alcohol)
X