TZS 50:2011
ICS: 67.220.10
TANZANIA STANDARD
Refined sunflower seed oil – Specification
TANZANIA BUREAU OF STANDARDS
© TBS 2010
Second Edition 2010
TZS 50:2011
This Tanzania Standard was published under the authority of the Board of Directors of Tanzania
Bureau of Standards on 2011-01-25.
Tanzania Bureau of Standards (TBS) is the statutory National Standards Body for Tanzania,
established under the Standards Act No.3 of 1975, repealed and replaced by Act No.2 of 2009.
The Agriculture and Food Divisional Standards Committee under whose supervision this
Tanzania Standard was prepared consists of representatives from the following organizations:
Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA)
Ministry of Agriculture, Food Security and Cooperatives
*Tanzania Food and Drugs Authority (TFDA)
*Tanzania Food and Nutrition Centre (TFNC)
*United Nations Industrial Development (UNIDO)/ Small Industries Development
Organizations (SIDO)
Tanzania Revenue Authority – Customs Department
Biashara Consumers Services Limited
Government Chemist Laboratory Agency (GCLA)
The organizations marked with an asterisk (*) in the above list together with the following were
directly represented in the Technical Committee entrusted with the preparation of this Tanzania
Standard:
Tanzania Industrial Research and Development Organization (TIRDO)
BIDCO Oils and Soap Limited
East Coast Oil and Fats Limited
Vegetable Oil Industries Limited (VOIL)
Tanzania Bureau of Standards
P O Box 9524
Dar es Salaam
Tel: 022 2450206/2450298/2450949
Fax: 022 2450959
E-mail: info@tbstz.org
ISBN: 978-9987-11-212-8
ii
©TBS 2011 – All rights reserved
TANZANIA STANDARD
TZS 50:2011
Refined sunflower seed oil – Specification
0 Foreword
This Tanzania Standard prescribes the requirements and the methods of sampling and
test for refined sunflower seed oil. This Tanzania Standard will guide producers, exporters
and importer in achieving the edible oil safety and quality fit for human consumption.
In the preparation of this Tanzania Standard considerable help was derived from:
IS 3491: 1965(Reaffirmed 2004) sunflower seed oil specification, published by
Bureau of Indian Standards
In reporting the results of a test or analysis made in accordance with this standard, if
the final value, observed or calculated is to be rounded off, it shall be done in
accordance with TZS 4.
1 Scope
This Tanzania Standard prescribes the requirements and the methods of sampling and
test for refined sunflower seed oil.
2 Reference
For the purpose of this Tanzania Standard the following references shall apply:
TZS 4: 2010, Rounding off numerical values
TZS 54: 2010, Animal and Vegetable fats and oils – Sampling
TZS 1322: 2010, Oils and fats Sampling and test methods – Purity tests
TZS 76: 1980, Methods for determination of arsenic
TZS 268: 1986, General atomic absorption – Spectro – Photometric method for
determination of lead in food stuffs
TZS 538: 1999, Packaging and labeling of foods
TZS 1324: 2010, Animal and vegetable fats and oils – Determination of peroxide valueIodometric (visual) end point determination
TZS 1325: 2010, Animal and vegetable fats and oils – Determination of saponification
value
TZS 1326: 2010, Animal and vegetable fats and oils – Determination of moisture and
volatile matter
©TBS 2011 – All rights reserved
1
TZS 50:2011
TZS 1327: 2010, Animal and vegetable fats and oils – Determination of iodine value
TZS 1328:2010, Essential oils – Determination of relative density at 200c – Reference
method
TZS 1329: 2010, Animal and vegetable fats and oils – Determination of refractive index
TZS 1330: 2010, Animal and vegetable fats and oils – Determination of lovibond colour
TZS 1331: 2010, Animal and vegetable fats and oils – Determination of acid value and
acidity
TZS 1332: 2010, Animal and vegetable fats and oils – Determination of unsaponifiable
matter-method using diethyl ether extraction
TZS 1335: 2010, Animal and vegetable fats and oils – Determination of copper, iron and
nickel content-graphite furnace atomic absorption
TZS 1336:2010, Animal and vegetable fats and oils – Determination of insoluble
impurities content
3 Terminology
For the purpose of this Tanzania Standard the following definitions shall apply:
3.1 Refined sunflower seed oil
Sunflower seed oil obtained by the process of expression or solvent extraction which has
been neutralized with alkali, washed with water, dried, bleached with bleaching earth or
activated carbon or both, and deodorized with steam, no other chemical agent except
citric acid being used.
3.2 Raw sunflower Seed oil
Sunflower seed oil obtained' by a process of mechanical expression and/or solvent
extraction.
3.3 Food additive
Any substance not normally consumed as food by itself and not normally used as a typical
ingredient of refined sunflower seed oil whether or not it has nutritive value, the intentional
addition of which to refined sunflower seed oil for technological (including organoleptic)
purposes in the manufacture, processing, preparation, treatment, packing. packaging,
transport or holding of such refined sunflower seed oil results, or may be reasonably
expected to result (directly or 'indirectly) in it or its product becoming a component of or
otherwise affecting the characteristic of such oil the term does not include contaminants or
substances added to refined sunflower seed oil for maintaining or improving nutritional
qualities.
©TBS 2011 – All rights reserved
2
TZS 50:2011
3.4 Contaminant
refers to the presence of any harmful substance such as chemicals in refined sunflower seed
oil not intentionally added to that oil, which is present in such refined sunflower seed oil
as a result of production including sunflower husbandry, manufacture, processing,
treatment, packing, packaging, transport or holding of such refined sunflower seed oil
or as a result of environmental contamination which can cause consumer illness. The term
does not include insect fragments, rodent hairs and other extraneous matter.
4 Types and grades
4.1 Sunflower seed oil shall be of the following types and grades;
4.1.1 Expressed type
al Raw grade, and
bl Refined grade
4.1.2 Solvent extracted type
a)Raw grade, and
b) Refined grade.
4. 2 Only refined grade of both expressed and solvent extracted type are suitable for direct edible
consumption.
5 Requirements
5.1 Description
Sunflower seed oil shall be obtained from good sunflower seed cake or from undamaged,
mature sunflower seeds of the species Helianthus annuus Linnaeus of a family Compositae,
by a process of expression and or solvent extraction.
Solvent extracted sunflower seed oil shall be obtained from the oleaginous material using
food grade solvent hexane.
5.2 Refined sunflower seed oil shall be clear and free from rancidity, sediments, suspended
and other foreign matter, separated water, toxic, colouring and flavouring substances.
The clarity of the product shall be judged by the absence of turbidity after keeping the
filtered sample at 30 °C for 24 hours.
5.3 Admixture with other oils
The material shall be free from admixture with other oils when tested according to the
methods prescribed in TZS 1322 (see clause 2)
5.4 Admixture with additives
Refined sunflower seed oil for edible purpose shall contain antioxidants and antioxidant
synergists in levels specified in table 1.
©TBS 2011 – All rights reserved
3
TZS 50:2011
Table 1 - Requirements of antioxidant and antioxidants synergists for edible
refined sunflower seed oil
Characteristics
scs
Antioxidant
Level of use
a} Ascorbyl palmitate or
ascorbyl stearate,
individually or in
combination mg/kg, max.
b} Natural and synthetic
tocopherol
Antioxidants synergists
Citric acid and its sodium
and potassium salts
200
GMP
GMP
NOTE – As there are no suitable and easily workable methods for determining the contents in
table 1, in the product, under good manufacturing practice, the manufacturer would be
required to maintain a record showing the quantities added to each batch.
5.5 Contaminants
Refined sunflower seed oil for edible purpose shall comply with requirements for
contaminants not to exceed maximum limits prescribed in table 2.
No precipitate of polybromides shall form when refined sunflower seed oil is tested by
the method described in annex A.
5.6 Essential composition
Refined sunflower seed oil shall also comply with the requirements for essential
composition given in table 3.
Table 2 – Acceptable levels of contaminants in edible refined sunflower seed oil
Characteristics
Moisture and volatile Matter
at 105°C per cent, m/m
Insoluble impurities, per
cent, m/m
Maximum level
Method of test (see clause 2)
0.2
TZS 1326: 2010
0.05
TZS 1336: 2010
0.005
TZS 1322: 2010 Clause 16
Soap content per cent,
mlm
1. 5
TZS 1335: 2010
Iron (Fe) mg/kg
0.1
TZS 1335: 2010
Copper (Cu) mg/kg
0.1
TZS 268: 1986
Lead (Pb) mg/kg
0.1
TZS 76: 1980
Arsenic (As) mg!kg
©TBS 2011 – All rights reserved
4
TZS 50:2011
6 Packaging, marking and labeling
6.1 Refined sunflower seed oil shall be supplied in sound, clean, dry, new and nonabsorbent containers which have not been used for any other purpose and upon which the
sunflower seed oil has no action. Containers shall be stored in a clean and sanitary manner
and shall not cause any alteration to refined sunflower seed oil. Containers shall be free of
any products that may lead to contamination and alter the quality, composition, odour and
taste of refined sunflower seed oil. Containers shall protect the product from light.
Containers shall preclude contamination with or proliferation of micro-organisms into the
refined sunflower seed oil during storage and transportation. Containers shall be air-tight
and shall be provided with tamper-proof seals and closures,
6.2 Metallic containers
Metallic containers shall be of iron adequately tinned or enamelled or coated internally With
resistant lacquer or enamel or aluminium. Containers of capacity of more than 100 litres
shall be bound by hoops or provided with moulded ribs. Their closures shall be threaded to
provide tight joints. Stoppers and necks of containers of more than 100 Iitres shall have
holes to allow for the passage of wires to bear seals.
6.3 Glass containers
Coloured glass (amber or brown) containers shall be used.
6.4 Plastic containers
Plastic containers or containers lined with a plastic material may be used to contain refined
sunflower seed oil provided they conform to the requirements in 6.1.
6.5 Closures
Rubber stoppers shall not be used to close refined sunflower seed oil. New good quality
corks, metallic crown corks or glass stoppers or plastic screw lids; shall be used to seal
glass and plastic containers of refined sunflower seed oil. New corks and tinned-screw
stopper shall be used to close tinned containers. The surface of the closure or stopper in
contact with the oil shall be of a material which has no effect on refined sunflower seed oil.
The surface of the closure in contact with the oil shall be of a material which has no effect
on the oil
6.6 Filling
Head space of at least five per cent of the capacity of the container shall be left at the top.
6.7 Containers of refined sunflower seed oil shall be legibly and indelibly marked with
the following information:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
Name of the product (Refined sunflower seed oil)
Name, physical and postal address of the manufacturer and/or packer
Date of manufacture and expiry date
Labeled in Swahili with addition of second language depending on the designated market
A complete list of ingredients in descending order of proportion
Net content
Batch number
Manufacturers registered trade mark
Country of origin
©TBS 2011 – All rights reserved
5
TZS 50:2011
6.8 Refined sunflower seed oil shall be packed, marked and labeled in accordance with TZS 538
(see clause 2)
6.9 The containers shall also be marked with the TBS Standards Mark of Quality.
NOTE – The TBS Standards Mark of Quality may be used by the manufacturers only
under licence from TBS. Particulars of conditions under which the licences are granted,
may be obtained from TBS.
Table 3 – Requirements for sunflower seed oil
Requirements for types
1
Refractive index at 400c
2
Relative density 200c
3
Saponification value
4
Iodine value (Wij)
5
Peroxide value
milliequvalent peroxide
oxygen per kg of the
oil,max
Method of test refer
to clause number
Expressed
Extracted solvent
Refined
grade
1.464
1.480
0.918
0.923
Refined
grade
to
Raw
grade
Raw
grade
TZS 1329:2010
to
188
194
to
110
143
to
TZS 1328:2010
TZS 1325:2010
TZS 1327:2010
TZS 1324:2010
10
6
Acid value, max
0.5
3
0.5
5
5
20
5
25
1.5
1.5
1.5
2.0
TZS 1331:2010
7
8
Colour in 2.54cm cell on
the lovibond scale,
expressed as (Y + 5R )
not deeper than
Unsaponifiable matter per
cent by mass, max
©TBS 2011 – All rights reserved
6
TZS 1330:2010
TZS 1332:2010
TZS 50:2011
7 Sampling
7.1 Representative samples of the material shall be drawn as prescribed in TZS 54 (see
clause 2).
7.2 Size of sample
Samples measuring not less than 400 ml shall be taken in triplicate, preferably from original
containers or from the bulk for the purpose of examination. The sample shall be placed in
clean, dry, Non absorbent containers upon which the sample has no action, and sealed.
The container shall be of such size that they are nearly filled by the sample. Each container
so filled by the sample shall be marked with full details and the date of sampling as
prescribed in TZS 54 (see clause 2).
8. Tests
Unless specified otherwise, distilled water and pure chemicals shall be used in all tests.
NOTE – Pure chemicals shall mean chemicals that do not contain impurities which affect the
results of analysis (chemicals of analytical grade).
©TBS 2011 – All rights reserved
7
TZS 50:2011
Annex A (See 5.5.1)
Tests for absence of polybromides
Procedure
Place 0.5 ml of the oil in a dry test tube. Add 10 ml of a mixture of 28 parts acetic acid, 1
part of bromine and 4 parts of nitrobenzene by volume. Close the tube, shake the contents
and allow to stand for six hours at laboratory temperature. If no precipitate forms,
polybromides are deemed to be absent.
Grease proof paper and aluminium foil, glass and tinned steel containers are preferred.
©TBS 2011 – All rights reserved
8
TZS 50:2011
©TBS 2011 – All rights reserved
9