The Rock Cycle Keywords
Word In English
Word in Thai
Meaning
Grain
Tiny, rounded piece of rock.
Minerals
The chemicals that rocks are made from.
Transport
The movement of rock grains and fragments by wind or
water.
Weathered
Rocks that have been worn away or broken up by chemical,
biological or physical processes.
Sediment
Rock grains and fragments dropped on the bottom of a river,
lake or sea.
Sedimentary
Rock
Rock formed from layers of sediment.
Deposits
When moving water drops rock fragments or grains.
Cementation
A process in which water is squeezed out of the spaces
between pieces of rock leaving mineral salts behind which
stick (cement) the rock pieces together.
Cemented
Something that has been stuck together.
Compaction
When layers of sediment or rock are squashed by the weight
of sediment above them.
Fossil
The remains of a dead animal or plant that became trapped in
layers of sediment and turned into rock.
Sandstone
A sedimentary rock made from rounded grains of sand.
Mudstone
A sedimentary rock made from mud.
Shale
A sedimentary rock.
Porous
Porous rocks can soak up water.
Carbonate-Rich
Something which contains a lot of compounds called
carbonates.
Chalk
Soft white or grey rock formed from the shells of small sea
animals.
Limestone
A sedimentary rock made from the shells of dead sea
creatures consisting mainly of calcium carbonate.
Oolite
A type of limestone formed when water evaporates and
leaves calcium carbonate behind.
Metamorphic
A word meaning ‘changed’.
Metamorphic
Rocks
Rocks that have been formed by changing igneous or
sedimentary rocks.
Marble
A metamorphic rock formed from limestone.
Quartzite
A metamorphic rock formed from sandstone.
Slate
A metamorphic rock with tiny crystals, formed from
mudstone.
The Rock Cycle Keywords
Word In English
Word in Thai
Meaning
Igneous Rock
A rock formed when magma or lava cooled down and
solidified.
Crust
The solid rocks at the surface of the Earth.
Mantle
The part of the Earth below the crust.
Magma
Molten rock beneath the surface of the Earth.
Lava
Molten rock that runs out of volcanoes.
Basalt
An igneous rock with very tiny crystals.
Granite
An igneous rock with large crystals.
Bonds
Forces holding particles together.
Crystal
Piece of mineral with sharp edges.
Particles
The tiny pieces that everything is made out of.
Magma
Molten rock beneath the surface of the Earth.
Volcano
A place where lava flows out of the Earth.
Rock Cycle
All the processes which form sedimentary, igneous and
metamorphic rocks, linked together.