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Ch 22 Review Questions
1.
The lithosphere includes the crust and portions of the …
a. mantle
b. asthenosphere
c. mesosphere
d. outer core
2.
The layer of Earth consisting of weak, soft rock that can flow easily is called the …
a. crust
b. core
c. lithosphere
d. asthenosphere
3.
Sedimentary rocks that form from the broken fragments of other rocks that are cemented together
are called …
a. Chemical rocks
b. organic rocks
c. Intrusive rocks
d. clastic rocks
4.
If this type of sedimentary rock is melted, cools and solidifies it will become a/an..
a. igneous rock
b. metamorphic rock
c. extrusive rock
d. It will still be a sedimentary rock
5. A long, deep depression in the ocean floor is called a…
a.Mid-ocean ridge
b. trench
c. caldera
d. batholith
6. These deep depressions (from #5) usually form around …
a. rift valleys
b. the mid-ocean ridge
c. subduction zones
d. divergent zones
e. transform zones
7. Diabase is a rock that forms when magma cools before it reaches the surface. This makes diabase
…
a. clastic
b. extrusive
c. intrusive
d. foliated
8. You would expect that diabase …
a. cooled quickly and has a glassy appearance
b. cooled slowly and has lots of crystals
c. cooled quickly and has air pockets
d. cooled slowly and has no crystals.
9. Gneiss is a foliated metamorphic rock. Which would you expect to be true of gneiss?
a.
b.
c.
d.
10.
It is forms on the surface through compaction and cementation of sediment layers.
It formed when magma cooled and solidified under Earth’s surface.
It formed deep under the surface, probably near a plate boundary.
It formed on the surface and has fossils in it.
List 3 things that determine the viscosity of magma?
A.
B.
C.
11. Which choice best describes how the volcanoes at “A” probably formed?
a. Subduction
b. Sea floor spreading
c. A hot spot
d. Rifting
12. Which letter in the diagram shows a location where Sea-Floor Spreading is taking place?
13. Which choice is NOT something that is associated with a RIFT ZONE?
a. New crust forms from cooled magma
b. Old crust is destroyed an remelted.
c. Seamounts form
d. Earthquakes
14 The mountains at letter C were probably formed by …
a. converging plates
b. diverging plates
c. transformation
14. Which plate movement is responsible for breaking Pangaea up?
a. rifting
b. sea floor spreading
c. subduction
d. transformation
15. The Pacific ocean is currently growing larger. Why?
a. sea floor spreading is happening faster than subduction
b. subduction is happening faster than sea floor spreading.
c. Sea floor spreading and subduction are occurring at equal paces.
d. Transformation is happening faster than rifting.
16. The point UNDERGROUND where seismic waves originate from is the …
a. epicenter
b. fault
c. focus
d. fold
17. Which is TRUE about P waves?
a. They travel the fastest.
b. They travel along the surface.
c. They travel in a snake like fashion.
d. They travel by expanding and contracting.
18. Which waves cause the most damage to buildings?
a. P waves
b. S waves
c. Surface waves
19. The more lag time there is on a seismograph …?
a. the closer you are to the epicenter
b. the farther you are from the epicenter
c. the larger the earthquake is in magnitude
d. all of the above are true.
20. Which seismic waves arrive first at a seismograph station?
a. P waves
b. S waves
c. surface waves d. They all arrive at the same time.
21.
Which scale does NOT use seismic data to evaluate the magnitude and earthquake?
a. richter
b. mercalli
c. moment magnitude
22.
Which volcanoes have explosive pyroclastic eruptions of gas, ash, and superheated rock fragments?
a. shield
b. cinder cone
c. composite
d. seamounts
23. When lava pours out of fissures on the surface and runs all over the ground before it cools and hardens
if forms a:
a. a batholith
b. a volcanic sills
c. a lava plateau
d. a volcanic neck
24. The difference between in inner and outer core …
a. The inner core is heavy metal and the outer core is heavy rock.
b. The inner core is solid metal and the outer core is liquid metal.
c. The inner core is liquid metal and the outer core is solid metal.
d. The inner core is mostly silicates and the outer core has currents of magma.
25. Plates move because …
a. of earthquakes
b. volcanic activity
c. convection currents of hot rock in the mantle
d. mountain building.
26. Evidence of glaciers in India indicates that …
a. Glaciers made it to the equator during the last ice age.
b. The regions around the equator were once cold.
c. India use to be located closer the south pole.
27. The youngest ocean floor is located …
a. by a trench
b. at the mid ocean ridge
c. at the edge of a continental plate
d. all of the ocean floor is the same age