Unit 5 Capitalization and Punctuation
Lesson 1
Proper Nouns and Adjectives
p. 236
Proper Nouns – names a particular person, place or thing and begins with a capital letter
**Only capitalize the important words
ex. United States of America
Bed Bath and Beyond
Pit Bull Terrier
Proper Adjective- is an adjective made from a proper noun. It too must be capitalized.
***Only the adjective is capitalized
ex. French bread- comes from France
Greek dances – comes from Greece
Lesson 2
Interjections
p. 239
An interjection is a word or words that show strong feelings.
If it stands alone, use an exclamation point following it.
ex. Yikes! The punch is coming right for me.
If it begins a sentence, set it off with a comma.
ex. Yikes, he dropped the ball!
other examples: Hooray! Oh No! Wow!
Cacaw! (courtesy of Nick Antonini)
***Don’t overuse interjections in your writing
Lesson 3
Commas in a Series
p.241
A series is a group of three or more items together in a sentence.
ex. A fork, spoon, and a knife came in the package.


Use commas to separate the items
A conjunction such as and or or appears before the last item
**Notice how commas can change the meaning of a sentence
A panda eats, shoots, and leaves.
A panda eats shoots and leaves.
Ex. My brother studies, works, plays basketball, and performs in the choir.
Lesson 4
More Uses for Commas
p.246
Prior Knowledge:
1. Compound sentences have a comma before the and, but, or
2. Complex sentences have a comma separating the two clauses when a
subordinating conjunction begins the sentence.
3. Commas set off an appositive in a sentence
appositive – is a group of words that describes the noun that preceded it
ex. Blue whales, the fastest whale, lives in the ocean
4. Commas set off Introductory words in a sentences
Yes, No, Well
ex. Yes, whales breath through their blow holes.
5. Commas set off a direct address or person being spoken to from the sentence
ex. Paul, I believe whales are one of the oldest species of mammal on the earth.
Lesson 6
Titles
p. 257
 Capitalize the important words in a title like the nouns, verbs and
other important words. Do not capitalize a, an, the, and, or, at, to, up,
of, and for unless they begin or end the title.
 Titles of newspapers, books, magazines, and movies, are underlined in
writing or in italics when typing.
Never Bite Ms. McHale
Handwritten (underlined)
ex. Hatchet
Typed or printed (italics)
Hatchet
 Titles of short stories, articles, songs, book chapters, and most
poems should be enclosed in quotation marks
ex. song- “Happy Birthday” poem- “The Raven”
Lesson 5
Quotations
p.254
Direct quotations- When you write someone’s exact words, the speaker’s words are
set apart with quotation marks.
1.
Rules for Using Quotation Marks
Begin the first word of the quote with a capital letter.
2.
A comma separates the speaker from the quotation.
3.
End punctuation goes inside the quotes
speaker
quotation
ex. Terry said, “Let’s go swimming.”
ex. “This beach is closing,” the lifeguard announced.
4.
When a quotation ends in a question mark or an exclamation point, do not add a
comma before the speaker.
ex. “What time will the beach open?” I asked.
Never put a period inside a quote and then a period after the speaker.
ex. “I will be right back, Sue.” stated Marge.
-Sometimes a quotation is interrupted in the middle of a sentence
5. End the first part with quotes and begin the second part with quotes. Use commas
to separate the two quotations.
One sentence ex. “Do you realize,” asked Rob, “that we forgot the raft?”
6.
If the second part of an interrupted quote begins a new sentence, start it with a
capital letter and put a period after the speaker.
Two sentences ex. “It’s too late now,” I said. “We’ll have to come back
later. I hope my brother’s raft does not have a hole in it.”
-A conversation between two or more people when you are writing is called dialogue.
7.
As the conversation goes back and forth, start a new paragraph (indent on a
new line) when a new person speaks.
ex. “I left my bathing suit at home,” cried Susan.
“I would let you borrow mine,” replied Sarah, “but you are 3 sizes larger than
me.”
“ Well, since you put it that way, I’m leaving. Peace out,” Susan snapped.
Practice p. 256
9. A poem said Robert Frost begins with a lump in my throat.
10. We need our heroes wrote Eleanor Roosevelt.
11. Of whom asked Emily Dickenson am I afraid?
12. Walt Whitman said I hear America singing.
13. Where have all the flowers gone asked singer Pete Seeger.
Script Rules For Complex Sentences Skit
1. SAS heading
Saint Anastasia School
Names
Date
Script for Complex Sentences Skit
2. Typed, double spaced
3. Times New Roman Font 12
Script example
Title: A Life of Pat Redding
Characters: Pat, Kevin, Bob, and Sue
Setting: Pat’s house
(where and what is going on at start of scene 1)
ex. (Kevin and Tommy are sitting in Pat’s bedroom having a
conversation)
Tom: You know E Trade lets me trade some of my leftover stuff.
Kevin : Yes, We even have time to learn about complex sentences. Let
me show you something I learned from my teacher.