Additional file 1 – Results of the individual map analysis Särkinen et al. “Forgotten forests of South America – comparing biome delimitations between land use and biome maps in relation to dry vegetation types” Contents Table S1. Results of the Land Cover Map by Eva et al. [17]. Table S2. Results of the WWF Ecoregion map [16]. Table S3. Results of the Americas Base Map [29]. Table S4. Results of the map by Morrone [30]. Table S5. Results of the Ecological Systems Map [31]. Table S6. Areas labelled as non-SDTF but which received more than 20 specimen hits in our analysis. Table S1. Results of the Land Use Map by Eva et al. [17]. Biomes considered as part of the SDTF biome are highlighted in grey. Biome Agricultural Montane forests Barren (urban + ice & rock) Shrublands Savannas SDTF Rain forests Chaco Temperate grasslands Montane grasslands Mangroves All specimen data No. of Percentage specimens of total 3035 48.2 725 11.5 684 10.9 640 10.2 431 6.8 278 4.4 254 4.0 139 2.2 64 1.0 46 0.7 3 < 0.0 Narrow endemics only No. of Percentage specimens of total 453 41.1 216 19.6 92 8.4 158 14.4 53 4.8 20 1.8 34 3.1 24 2.2 14 1.3 34 3.1 2 0.2 Table S2. Results of the WWF Ecoregion map [16]. Biomes considered as part of the SDTF biome are highlighted in grey. # 13 1 7 2 9 14 0 10 8 Biomes Deserts and xeric shrublands Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas and shrublands Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests Flooded grasslands and savannas Mangroves Ice, water, rock Montane grasslands and shrublands Temperate grasslands, savannas and shrublands All specimen data No. of Percentage of specimens total Narrow endemics only No. of Percentage of specimens total 2,271 36.0 335 30.4 2,124 33.7 463 42.1 1,065 16.9 117 10.6 664 10.5 149 13.5 66 1.0 3 0.3 39 29 0.6 0.5 6 11 0.5 1.0 22 0.3 15 1.4 19 0.3 2 0.2 Table S3. Results of the Americas Base Map [29]. Biomes considered as part of the SDTF biome are highlighted in grey. Despite reference to dry forets, biome 35 is not considered part of the SDTF biome but refers to a mix of montane forests and tropical highland grasslands. # 34 32 42 45 35 43 31 46 44 30 48 0 40 33 39 51 Biome Dry, partly sclerophyllous forest and open woodland Seasonally wet forest, wet savanna Floodplain tropical vegetation Mountain vegetation of rain forest Mountain vegetation of dry forest and open woodland Seaside littoral vegetation Mountain vegetation of monsoon rain forest Evergreen and partly deciduous forests, open woodland and shrubland Rain forest (Amazon basin & Choco) Rain forest (Mata Atlantica) Grassland Barren land Mountain vegetation of desert and semidesert Mountain vegetation of seasonally wet forest and savanna Desert (Pacific coast of Peru & Chile) Desert (temperate & subtropical, in Eastern Cordillera in Argentina) All specimen data No. of Percentage specimens of total Narrow endemics only No. of Percentage specimens of total 2,690 42.7 462 42.0 1,883 535 316 29.9 8.5 5.0 170 87 154 15.4 7.9 14.0 209 3.3 107 9.7 163 137 2.6 2.2 35 20 3.2 0.5 139 2.2 6 1.8 76 70 31 22 12 1.2 1.1 0.5 0.3 0.2 22 14 1 5 11 2.0 1.3 0.1 0.5 0.4 11 0.2 4 0.3 4 0.1 3 1.0 1 < 0.0 - - Table S4. Results of the map by Morrone [30]. Biomes considered as part of the SDTF biome are highlighted in grey. # 48 54 50 49 53 47 55 46 58 0 51 35 30 56 32 33 34 25 26 45 52 47 57 Biome Caatinga Parana Forest Chaco Cerrado Brazilian Atlantic Forest Yungas Araucaria angustifolia For Pantanal Puna Barren/coastal Pampa Napo Cauca North Andean Paramo Western Ecuador Arid Ecuador Tumbes-Piura Maracaibo Venezuelan Coast Para Monte Ucayali Costal Peruvian Desert All specimen data No. of Percentage specimens of total 2,514 39.9 948 15.0 529 8.4 476 7.6 452 7.2 380 6.0 233 3.7 202 3.2 164 2.6 92 1.5 77 1.2 50 0.8 39 0.6 37 0.6 28 0.4 24 0.4 16 0.3 13 0.2 8 0.1 7 0.1 5 0.1 3 0.0 2 0.0 Narrow endemics only No. of Percentage specimens of total 361 32.8 97 8.8 63 5.7 47 4.3 70 6.4 124 11.3 7 0.6 13 1.2 114 10.4 30 2.7 1 0.1 40 3.6 32 2.9 32 2.9 27 2.5 23 2.1 15 1.4 1 0.1 1 0.1 1 0.1 2 0.2 Table S5. Results of the Ecological Systems Map [31]. Biomes considered as part of the SDTF biome are highlighted in grey. # 501 410 406 409 502 602 402 408 401 0 411 505 504 604 405 406 Division Caatinga Atlantic Forest Cerrado North-Central Moist Andes Chaco Pampas Moist Meso-America Amazonia Dry Meso-America Empty/barren land Caribbean South-Central Dry Andes Peruvian-Chilean Desert Patagonia Orinoquia Cerrado All specimen data No. of Percentage species of total 2,263 35.9 1,846 29.3 876 13.9 630 10.0 420 6.7 76 1.2 55 0.9 52 0.8 26 0.4 26 0.4 16 0.3 6 0.1 3 < 0.0 3 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 1 < 0.0 Narrow endemics only No. of Percentage species of total 329 29.9 215 19.5 73 6.6 317 28.8 61 5.5 1 0.1 48 4.4 11 1.0 25 2.3 10 0.9 3 0.3 5 0.5 3 0.3 - Table S1. Areas labelled as non-SDTF but which received more than 20 specimen hits in our analysis. Results for the Land Cover Map (LCM; [17]), WWF Ecoregions (ECO; [16]), and the Americas Basemap (AB; [29]) are shown. Biome map No. of specimen hits Grid ID number Biome AB 1220 276 Savannas Southern Brazil: South Brazilian (Cedrela fissilis, C. glaziovii, Hymenaeastilbocarpa, Aspidosperma polyneuron, Inga edulis) AB 380 209 Floodplain tropical vegetation Northeast Brazilian (Hymenaea courbaril, species of gg. Bowdichia, Erythrina) AB 322 186 Savannas Brazilian--(Locally, "campos--cerrados," woodland savanna.)(Curatella americana, species of gg. Kielmeyera, Byrsonima, Erythroxylum, Dimorphandra; grasses: speciesof gg. Paspalum, Panicum, Andropogon, Aristida) AB 138 249 AB 136 326 AB 85 94 AB 84 269 AB 79 171 AB 73 319 AB 69 263 Mountain vegetation of rain forests Evegreen and partly deciduous forsts, open woodland and shrubland Mountain vegetation of rain forests Savannas Seaside littoral vegetation Mountain vegetation of monsoon rain forest Savannas Mountain vegetation of monsoon rain forest Rain forest (Amazon basin & Choco) Rain forest (Mata Atlantica) Seaside littoral vegetation Details of area from original biome maps Bolivian (species of gg. Gaultheria, Podocarpus, Cyathea) South Brazilian (Araucaria angustifolia, species of g. Podocarpus, Cedrela fissilis, Ilex paraguayensis, Phoebe porosa, Dicksonia sellowiana) Equadorian--Peruvian (Podocarpus nubigenus, Oreopanax artocaroides, Clusia pseudomangle) Pantanal (Tecoma caraiba, Ceiba dlaziovii, Parantheria prostrata; grasses: species of gg. Paspalum, Panicum, Oryza) with deciduous forest Brazilian (species of gg. Iresine, Ipomaea, Hydrocotyle, Leucothoe, Gaylussacia, Cereus, Melocactus) West Atlantic (Piptadenia rigida, P. communis, Caesalpinia echinata, Dalbergia nigra, Tecoma heptaphylla, Nectandra grandiflora, Phoebe porosa, Ceiba pentandra) Bolivian (Astronium urundeuva, Piptadenia macrocarpa, Hymenaea stilbocarpa) West Atlantic (Piptadenia rigida, P. communis, Caesalpinia echinata, Dalbergia nigra, Tecoma heptaphylla, Nectandra grandiflora, Phoebe porosa, Ceiba pentandra) AB 65 194 AB 49 189 AB 47 257 AB 45 255 AB 41 342 Savannas Argentine (Astronium balansae, Tabebuia ipe, Luehea divaricata, Peltophorum dubium, Piptadenia rigida, Cedrela fissitis) AB 40 348 Floodplain tropical vegetation Argentine (Salix humboldtiana, Ficus monckii, Phytolacca dioica, Ocotea acutifolia) AB 38 287 Savannas Bolivian (species of gg. Tecoma, Bombax, Ceiba, Chlorophora, Aspidosperma; grasses: species of gg. Tristachya, Andropogon, Paspalum) with palm savanna AB 30 162 Floodplain tropical vegetation Northeast Brazilian (Hymenaea courbaril, species of gg. Bowdichia, Erythrina) AB 28 358 Savannas Uruguayan (Generium argenteum, Paspalum notatum, Axonopus compressus, Sporobolus poiretii, Andropogon saccharoides, Eragrostis neesii) with shrubland (Erythrina cristagalli, Prosopis algarobilla, species of gg. Schinus, Acacia, Colletia) Southwest Amazonian (Swietenia macrophylla, Myroxylon balsamum, Torresea acreana, Calophyllum brasiliense, species of gg. Cedrela, Virola) West Atlantic (Piptadenia rigida, P. communis, Hymenaea stilbocarpa, Melanoxylon brauna, Centrolobium robustum, Dalbergia nigra) Brazilian (species of gg. Iresine, Ipomaea, Hydrocotyle, Leucothoe, Gaylussacia, Cereus, Melocactus) AB 26 300 AB 21 175 AB 21 361 ECO 719 60150 ECO 623 60704 ECO 252 60104 ECO 219 60160 ECO 206 60708 ECO 169 60105 ECO 161 60210 ECO 159 60101 ECO 134 60121 ECO 108 60103 ECO 98 60165 ECO 86 60153 ECO 49 60152 ECO 48 60710 ECO 44 60907 ECO 41 60178 ECO 40 61406 Mountain vegetation of rain forests Mountain vegetation of rain forests Savannas Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forest Savanna Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forest Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forest Chaco Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forest Chaco Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forest Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forest Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forest Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forest Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forest Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forest Savannas Savannas Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forest Mangroves Selva--Yungas (species of gg. Hufelandia, Endlicheria, Nectandra-species of gg. Ocotea, Phoebe, Cinechona) Selva--Yungas (species of gg. Hufelandia, Endlicheria, Nectandra-species of gg. Ocotea, Phoebe, Cinechona) South Brazilian (Cedrela fissilis, C. glaziovii, Hymenaeastilbocarpa, Aspidosperma polyneuron, Inga edulis) Alto Paraná Atlantic forests Cerrado Bahia interior forests Serra do Mar coastal forests Humid Chaco Bolivian Yungas Dry Chaco Araucaria moist forests Eastern Cordillera real montane forests Bahia coastal forests Southern Andean Yungas Peruvian Yungas Pernambuco interior forests Uruguayan savanna Pantanal Western Ecuador moist forests Southern Atlantic mangroves ECO 29 60151 ECO 28 60703 LCM 81 45427 LCM 78 38218 LCM 56 41550 LCM 46 31531 LCM 34 16583 LCM 28 11596 Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forest Savannas Pernambuco coastal forests Campos Rupestres montane savanna Savannas Montane forests Savannas Shrub savannah Savannas Montane forests Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forest Shrub savannah Montane forest >1000m closed deciduous Shrub savannah Montane forest 500-1000m open deciduous Open semi-humid forest