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Thermosphere Ionosphere Nested Grid (TING) Model
The TING model is a first-principles physical model of the thermosphere-ionosphere
system It solves self-consistently the thermospheric neutral momentum, energy, and
continuity equations, and the ionospheric ion transportation, and plasma energy equations
to obtain 3 dimensional distributions of neutral densities, temperatures, wind velocities
and electron and ion densities and temperatures at each time step. It requires inputs
(electric field and particle precipitation) at high latitudes to simulate the impact of the
magnetosphere on the energetics and dynamics of the upper atmosphere. The current
version of the TING model is based on the NCAR-TIGCM, with the additional capability
of increased resolution in specified regions (a nested grid is included in the model).
References.
Wang, W., T. L. Killeen, A. G. Burns, and R. G. Roble, A high-resolution, threedimensional, time dependent, nested grid model of the coupled thermosphereionosphere, J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys., 61, 385-397, 1999.
Wang, W., M. Wiltberger, A. G. Burns, S. C. Solomon, T. L. Killeen, N. Maruyama, and
J. G. Lyon, Initial results from the coupled magnetosphere ionosphere thermosphere
model: thermosphere-ionosphere responses, Journal of Atmospheric and SolarTerrestrial Physics, 66, 1425-1441, 2004