Hydrology Study Guide
Water Cycle
Label the water cycle diagram
Water Cycle Vocab: Evaporation, transpiration, condensation, runoff,
Precipitation
Saltwater vs. Freshwater
71% of earth is covered in __________________.
Out of that, 97% of the earth’s water is too _________________.
That leaves 3% fresh water. But humans can’t use most of it because it is
____________.
Salinity is
What unit do we use to represent salinity?
There are 5 main oceans:
_____________________
________________________
_____________________
________________________
____________________________
Why is Earth called “The Water Planet?”
Ocean Floor
Label the parts of the ocean floor using these terms:
continental shelf, continental slope, abyssal plain, trench, mid-ocean ridges,
seamounts, volcanic island
How do we map the ocean floor today?
Ocean Life
Label the ocean zones:
Which life zones are easily penetrated by sunlight?
Plants and animals must adapt to being exposed to the atmosphere for
periods of time in the
zone.
Which of the three major life zones contains the largest volume of water?
Which two subdivision zones are always completely dark and have lots of
water pressure?
1 example
Plankton___________________ in the currents.
Nekton ____________________ in the currents.
Benthos live on the ________________ of the ocean.
Currents
What are currents?
Three factors that influence currents:
1.
2.
3.
Surface Currents:
Surface currents :
Coriolis Effect:
Which way do surface currents move in the Northern Hemisphere?
(clockwise or counter-clockwise?)
In the
Southern Hemisphere?
Deep Water Currents:
Deep currents flow like
in the ocean.
An upwelling brings ________________ water to the ______________.
Water in an upwelling contains lots of _______________________.
Why does ocean water that is covered by ice increase in density? (Think
about what happens to water molecules in polar regions)
Waves:
Wave period:
Waves are formed
The water doesn’t move forward in a wave, only the ________________.
Why does a boat in the open sea bob up and down instead of being pushed
along by waves?
Label the wave with the following parts: wavelength, trough, wave height,
crest(2x)
Tides:
A tide is the _____________ & ____________ of water level in oceans.
The difference in levels of ocean water at high tide and low tide is called a
.
Tides are caused by the ______________________ pull of the
& _________.
The moon’s pull is strongest on the part of the Earth
The ocean on this part of the Earth “bulges” and so does the area on the
opposite side of the Earth, causing
tides in these locations.
The areas in between the two bulges experience
Spring tideNeap tide-
Label each of the tides below as spring tide or neap tide.
tides.