Unit 7
Cellular Reproduction
Mitosis
Asexual Reproduction
 In ______________________ reproduction, one individual produces offspring that are
__________________identical to itself.
 There are many ________________________, including sea stars and sea anemones for example,
that produce by asexual reproduction.
 Common forms of asexual reproduction include:
 _______________- an organism whose cells do not contain a nucleus copies its genetic
material and then divides into two identical organisms ex. __________________
 ______________ - a new genetically identical organism forms on the side of its parent
ex________________
 __________________- process that uses cell division to regrow body parts; a whole new
organism can grow from each piece ex. __________
Three reasons why cells reproduce by asexual reproduction:
1. _________________________
2. ______________
3_______________
DNA (the instructions) can be in two forms:
______________________: loose, uncoiled form.
______________________: tightly wound, condensed form.
What is a chromosome?
_________________________: tightly wound form of DNA that contains the information about an organism’s
traits.
____________________: one section of a DNA strand that codes for one trait.
Parts of a Chromosome
_____________: one of the parallel strands of a chromosome.
_____________: where sister chromatids are held together and spindle
fibers attach.
A Closer Look at Chromatids
__________________________: two identical pieces of DNA joined at the centromere.
Made during DNA Replication.
Sisters are exact copies of each other.
A duplicated chromosome is two sister chromatids.
Two Types of Chromosomes:
_____________________________
Body chromosomes.
Codes for traits that do not depend on your gender.
EX. Hair, eye color, ear shape
_____________________________
Make a person male or female.
Codes for gender specific traits.
EX. Baldness, hemophilia, colorblindness.
Mitosis Cycle
Interphase
Prophase
________________
Anaphase
Telophase
________________
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Interphase-occurs before mitosis begins
• Chromosomes are _________________ (# doubles)
• Chromosomes appear as threadlike coils (__________________)
at the start, but each chromosome and its
copy(_______________ chromosome) change to sister
chromatids at end of this phase
Prophase - 1st step in Mitosis
• _______________ begins (cell begins to divide)
• _______________(or poles) appear and begin to move to opposite
end of the cell.
• _______________ form between the poles.
Metaphase - 2nd step in Mitosis
• __________________ (or pairs of chromosomes) attach to the
spindle fibers.
Anaphase - 3rd step in Mitosis
•
Chromatids (or pairs of chromosomes)___________________
and begin to move to _____________________ ends of the cell.
Telophase - 4th step in Mitosis
•
•
•
Two new ____________ form.
Chromosomes appear as chromatin (____________ rather than
____________.)
__________________ ends.
Cytokinesis- occurs after mitosis
• Cell membrane moves inward to create two daughter cells – each
with its own nucleus with identical chromosomes.
Mitosis Odds and Ends
A. Cell division- increases the number of cells and causes many-celled _____________to
grow
1. cells have periods of formation, growth and development , and death called
__________________________
2. Interphase- most of the life of any eukaryotic cell or cell with a nucleus, is
spent in a period of__________________ and ____________________
 a. Chromosome- a structure in the nucleus that contains ______________
material.
 b. During interphase, a cell duplicates it ______________________ and
prepares for cell division.
 c. After interphase, the nucleus divides, and then the
____________________________separates to form new cells.
 ***Nerve and muscle cells are always in interphase
B. Results of mitosis
› 1. each cell in your body, except sex cells, has the same number of _____
chromosomes.
› 2. Allows for growth and ______________ worn out or damaged cells.
After reviewing Cell Facts on the last 4 slides what are 5 facts you learned about Cells?
1. ____________________________________
2. ____________________________________
3. ____________________________________
4. ____________________________________
5. ____________________________________