STUDY GUIDE - Thinking, Language and Intelligence
1.Having an IQ score at or below 70
2.the extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to
3.Unit of sound in a language
4.First modern intelligence test
5.the ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions
6. mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new
situations.
7.Extent to which genetic factors can explain traits that vary from person to person
8.Number that represents the relationship between mental age and actual age
9.Unit of meaning in a language
10.Intellectual level at which a person is functioning
11.Functional fixedness can become
12.Studies suggest that bilingualism
13.The mental activity involved in communicating information is
14.Prototypes make concepts easier to understand by allowing us to
15.A person's "mental set" tends to make him or her solve problems by
16.People tend to be overconfident of their reasoning because they
17.A morpheme generally consists of
18.The distribution of IQ scores on a graph looks like
19.Studies have shown that the groups with the most similar IQ scores were
20.The home environment and styles of parenting
21.Most adoptee studies show that the IQs of adopted children are more like those of their
22. About half of psychologists surveyed believe that the differences in IQ scores among people are the result of both
environment and
23.The most systematic procedure for solving a problem is
24.A major obstacle to problem solving is fixation, which is
25.The way an issue is presented can affect our decisions and judgments. This is called
26.The one-word stage of speech development is usually reached at about
27.According to Noam Chomsky, we ___________ to learn the grammar rules of language.
28. There is much controversy over whether apes can be taught to use language in the way that humans do. However,
most researchers agree that apes can
29.The existence of savant syndrome seems to support
30.Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a creative person?
31.Emotionally intelligent people are characterized by
32.The intelligence quotient, or IQ, of a 6-year-old with a mental age of 6 would be
33. The Stanford-Binet, the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children are
known to have very high reliability. This means that
34.To say that heritability of intelligence is about 50 percent pmeans that 50 percent of
35.The experience that has the clearest, most profound effect on intellectual development is
36.Overestimating the accuracy of one's beliefs or judgments is called
37. If you use a/an ____________ to solve a problem, you will always get the correct answer, but sometimes it takes
longer than when you use a/an ____________, which may not produce the correct answer.
38.The mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating is called
39. The older a person is when emigrating to a new country, the harder it is to learn the language. This best illustrates
the importance of ________ for learning language.
40.A tendency to search for information that confirms our preconceptions is called
41.Allen and Beatrice Gardner of the University of Nevada (Reno) trained a chimp named Washoe to
42.The one-word stage of speech development is usually reached at about
43.The sudden realization of the solution to a problem is called
44.Which of the following is an example of the one-word stage of language development?
45. Most people incorrectly think that it is riskier to fly on an airplane than it is to travel in a car, partly because they
can easily think of airplane crashes they have seen on TV. These people are being affected by
46.Once we learn one language