Honors Biology
2005
Name _________________
2ND SEMESTER FINAL EXAM REVIEW GUIDE
This sheet may be used as good review of terms and concepts, but it is not “all inclusive.” Study
class notes, textbook, textbook CD, Unit Packets, Unit Packet Objectives, labs and this guide.
UNIT 7B – HUMAN EVOLUTION (9 Questions) Ch. 17 p. 368-378 and Ch. 13 p. 258-259
(Recommendation: Read all of these pages!)
Evolution of primates
Evolution of humans and human ancestors
Hominids: Australopithecus, Homo habilis, Homo erectus, Homo sapiens
Characteristics of primates
Bipedalism, opposable thumb, evolution of brain, hair, jaws, face, chin, parental care
Multiregional hypothesis vs. “Out of Africa” hypothesis
Hardy-Weinberg law – problems and definition (3 questions)
UNIT 8 – CLASSIFICATION & DIVERSITY (20 Questions) Ch. 14, 15, 16, 17
3 Domain System – list & describe 3 domains
Classification system – 7 taxon system - KPCOFGS
How are organisms classified?
Kingdoms – characteristics of
Binomial nomenclature
Phylogenetic tree
Invertebrate body patterns – types of symmetry
Invertebrates – characteristics of each phyla
Invertebrates: body segments, appendages, jointed or non, # of body openings, # of legs
Vertebrates – characteristics of each class
Endothermic vs. ectothermic
Mammals – characteristics of
Vertebrate hearts – chambers
single vs. double loop circulation and lungs vs. gills
oviparous, viviparous, ovoviviparous
UNIT 9 – PLANTS (33 questions) Ch. 16, 28, 29
Origin of plants
Characteristics of plant kingdom
Gymnosperms
Angiosperms
Monocot vs. Dicot
Growing seasons of plants – annuals, perennials, biennials
Flower - parts and functions
Double fertilization of flowers – steps of
Fruits – examples of, characteristics of, plant part
Seeds
Pollination
Leaf – parts of
Greenhouse Effect / global warming
Vascular system-xylem and phloem
Growth of a plant – stems and roots
Root – parts of, how growth occurs
Stem – parts of, how growth occurs
Sap (Food) – movement of
Water – movement of
Transpiration – cohesion – adhesion
Stomata – how they work
Plant hormones – how each works
UNIT 10 – ENERGY, PHOTOSYNTHESIS, RESPIRATION (30 questions) Ch. 2, 6, 7
Atom – structure of
Chemical formulas, compounds
Bonding – covalent vs. ionic
Photosynthesis in detail, using diagrams
Light – wavelengths of
Chlorophyll and leaves
Respiration in detail, using diagrams
Fermentation
Lactic Acid and Alcohol formation
ATP
Chloroplast vs. Mitochondria
Compare photosynthesis and respiration
UNIT 11 – TISSUES, EXCRETION, DIGESTION (17 questions) Ch. 21, 22
3 types of muscle tissue
Digestion – pathway of food through alimentary canal, using diagram
Digestive organs and functions
Digestive enzymes / chemicals and functions
Peristalsis
pH level in digestive organs
Kidney – function of
Nephron – parts and function of
Pathway of filtrate through nephron – in detail, using diagram
Urine – composition of
Reabsorption, secretion, excretion
Essential amino acids
UNIT 12 – CIRCULATION (14 Q), RESPIRATION (4 Q), NERVOUS (17 Q) = (35 Total
questions) Ch. 23, 27
Human heart – pathway of blood
Know chambers, valves, nodes
Pulmonary vs. systemic circulation
Fetal heart circulation pathway
Right vs. Left side of heart
Blood pressure – define, how is it measured
Systole vs. diastole
Heart attack – causes of, tests for
Blood – 4 parts of blood, functions of each
Blood – 4 Blood types, Blood typing technique
Blood typing – recipients and donors (who can receive which type of blood)
agglutination of blood
Rh factor
Antigens and antibodies
Lungs – breathing steps
Pathway of oxygen through respiratory system
Oxygen exchange between capillaries and alveoli
Oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood, and breathing regulation
Neurons – parts of, direction of impulses, neurotransmitters at synapse
Neurons – all or nothing law
Resting potential and Action potential
Reflex arc - parts of, how it works
Brain – major parts of and functions of each part
EEG vs. EKG
UNIT 14 – BEHAVIOR (16 questions) (Ch. 25 + Behavior Notes)
Endocrine system – hormones, definition of
How do hormones work, what do they do?
Know major hormones from each endocrine gland, functions of
Thyroid gland – malfunctions of, role of iodine
Interaction of glucose, glucagon, epinephrine, insulin, liver, & pancreas in blood sugar regulation
Glucose in urine - indications
Behavior – instinct, innate, learned, habits,
imprinting, reasoning, conditioning, trial and error
Tropism vs. Taxis
Behavior -Pecking order in hens
TOTAL QUESTIONS = 160