Conflict Over Indian Lands
Chapter 10 Outline
I. The Creeks (pp. 140 – 144)
A. The Creeks were a loose _______________________, and sometimes referred to
as ___________________.
B. There were two distinct groups:
1. The Upper Creeks:
2. The Lower Creeks:
C. During the Revolutionary War, the Creeks sided with the ________________.
1. Georgians demanded land between the _______________ and
_____________ rivers.
D. The Lower Creeks agreed, but the Upper Creeks, led by chief ____________
___________________, refused.
E. After the Yazoo Land Fraud, the national government promised to remove all
Indians from the state:
1. At the same time, the U.S. promised to:
F. In 1803, Georgia built a “permanent” state capital named ____________________
on the Oconee River. (See graphic on pg. 126).
G. In 1812, the U.S. went to war with Great Britain again because of:
a.
b.
1. The Upper Creeks, known as _______ ____________, were supplied with
British arms and fought to get their land back.
2. General Andrew Jackson defeated the Red Sticks at _______________
________ in Alabama with the Cherokees and the Lower Creeks led by
Chief _____________ ______________.
3. After the war, the U.S. government encouraged the Native Americans to go
west to ________________ and __________________.
4. The Creeks were persuaded to cede their lands westward to the
___________ River.
5. On February 12, 1825, Chief McIntosh signed a treaty ceding all Creek lands
to the ___________ ____________.
6. As this was done without the support of the Creek people, McIntosh was
condemned to ____________.
H. The __________________ allowed escaped slaves from Georgia and South
Carolina to live on their lands in freedom.
1. By encouraging this practice, the Seminoles threatened the existence of
___________.
2. During the War of 1812, Britain encouraged the Seminoles to harass
Georgia and Alabama ____________________.
3. U.S. military forces led by General Jackson were victorious in the
__________ Seminole War.
4. In 1830, Congress passed the _________ _____________ Act.
5. The Seminoles resisted, and were forced to move to _________ &
_________ after the Second Seminole War.
II. The Cherokees (pp. 145 – 152)
A. The Cherokees lived in the southern ranges of the _________________
Mountains.
B. The Cherokees sided with the ___________ ___________ during the Creek War.
C. The Cherokees lived in 80 or so towns and __________ them as a nation by the
end of the 1700’s.
D. The Cherokees were the most “ ________________” Indians because the adopted
much of white culture.
1. Sequoyah created a _______________, a set of written symbols to
represent spoken syllables.
2. ______ _____________ became the Cherokee capital.
3. They wrote a _______________________ patterned after the United States.
4. New Echota also served as the home of the _______________
____________, a bilingual newspaper.
5. Missionaries operated churches and schools, and the Cherokees accepted
______________________.
6. The U.S. approved of the Cherokee nation, but Georgia declared Cherokee
laws “ ________ and _________”.
7. In 1829, Cherokee representatives went to Washington and presented a
_______________, or a statement of objections to Congress.
(See pp. 148-149.)
8. In 1829, ___________ _____________ became president, and asked
Congress to pass an Indian removal bill.
E. In 1828, _______ was discovered in Dahlonega on Cherokee lands.
1. Georgia was upset that the U.S. sent ___________ to drive the miners off
Indian lands, interfering in state affairs.
2. Jackson pulled out the soldiers, since the state claimed the Cherokees were
part of Georgia and subject to its ________.
3. Missionaries were forced to take an _______ of _______________, but
several refused, and were put in prison.
4. In Worcester v. Georgia, the U.S. ___________ __________ led by Chief
Justice ________ _______________ ruled that Georgia laws did not
apply in the Cherokee nation.
5. Georgia ignored the ruling, and President Jackson would not _________ it.
F. President Jackson stated “The only relief for the Cherokees is by ______________
to the West.”
1. Most Cherokees followed Chief ________ ________ and resisted.
2. Others, such as Major Ridge, his son John, and Elias Boudinot, believed it
would be ___________ to move west.
a. In 1835, at New Echota, the ____________ faction signed a treaty to
give up their lands.
b. The majority of the nation, led by John Ross, __________ this treaty.
3. In 1838, U.S. army troops rounded up the Cherokees and were forced to
march to the west on foot in the dead of __________.
4. The Cherokee’s suffering was so great the route they took became known
as the “____________ of ____________”.