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Advanced Environmental Biotechnology II
Example questions Classroom test 1
Answering these questions will help with the classroom test.
The test will be multiple choice.
1. When many small units are added together what do we call them?
2. What are functional groups? Include an explanation of polar and nonpolar molecules.
3. Give four examples of biological macromolecules.
4. What do we call the polymers of amino acids?
5. How many different amino acids are there?
6. What makes the amino acids different?
7. Amino acids can be used for the synthesis of proteins.
A. True
B. False
8. Which of the following is an example of a polymer?
A.
nucleotide
B.
amino acid
C.
monosaccharide
D. polysaccharide
E. fatty acid
9. What is the chemical structure of amino acids and proteins, what is a peptide bond, and
what are the levels of structure of proteins?
10. How many different amino acids are there?
11. What makes proteins different from each other?
12. What is the molecular structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)? What are the parts of
DNA?
13. Explain how DNA can give protein structure.
14. What are three types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) and what do they do?
15. The normal process of molecular biology can be described as:
A. translation of DNA to RNA followed by transcription of RNA into protein
B. transcription of RNA into DNA followed by translation of DNA into protein
C. transcription of DNA into RNA followed by translation of RNA into protein
D. translation of RNA from protein followed by replication of DNA from RNA
16. Describe what enzymes are. You need to say at least three things.
17. Define enzyme, describe the chemical makeup and explain why they are important for
cellular metabolism.
18. An enzyme is a “biological catalyst” that falls into which classes of molecules?
A.
nucleic acids
B. lipids
C. carbohydrates
Advanced Environmental Biotechnology II
Example Test Questions
-2D. proteins
19. Describe the levels of protein structure
20. Which of the following is not a component of DNA?
A. adenine
B. guanine
C. phosphate
D. thymine
E. uracil
21. At the beginning of translation is the codon AUG which codes for methionine. What is
another name for this codon?
22. What is the name of a piece of DNA which codes for a protein?
23. What is transcription?
24. Give an example of a gene product?
25. What is the enzyme which catalyzes transcription?
26. How do the genes that contain the code for proteins differ from the genes from tRNA and
rRNA?
27. Describe the structure of prokaryote ribosomes.
28. What is translation?
29. Bacteria have ______ as their genetic material.
A. RNA
B. DNA
C. Protein
D. All of the above
30. Why do people study nucleic acids from the environment? Why don’t they culture
microorganisms instead?
31. What are two main ways of getting nucleic acids from the environment? Describe the
advantages and disadvantages of each.
32. When people study the nucleic acids of the environment, they often study one type of
molecule. What is this molecule? Why is this studied so often?
33. Why are microorganisms important in an ecosystem?
34. What are the steps used in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?
35. Why do people use PCR?
36. Which base is not found in DNA?
A. adenine
B. thymine
C. cytosine
D. uracil
37. The process of creating mRNA from DNA is called
A. replication
B. transcription
Advanced Environmental Biotechnology II
Example Test Questions
-3C. translation
D. transposition
38. The process of creating a protein from mRNA is called
A. replication
B. transcription
C. translation
D. transposition
39. The enzyme responsible for transcription is called
A. DNA polymerase
B. Transcriptase
C. RNA polymerase
D. Reverse transcriptase
40. Ribosomes are made of ____________.
A. DNA and RNA
B. Lipids and Proteins
C. RNA and Protein
D. Carbohydrates and RNA
41. Which of the following is a start codon?
A. UAA
B. AAA
C. AUG
D. UUU
42. tRNA is responsible for transporting _________ to the ribosome.
A. amino acids
B. monosaccharides
C. DNA
D. mRNA
43. Each tRNA has a ____________ that allows it to match up with the correct mRNA codon.
A. DNA sequence
B. Anticodon
C. Terminator
D. Locator
44. The bond that is created between amino acids is called a ____________________bond.
A. ionic
B. diester
C. peptide
D. hydrogen
45. The enzyme responsible for copying DNA is called __________.
Advanced Environmental Biotechnology II
Example Test Questions