Chapter 7 – Study Guide & Worksheet
Name:________________________
Class Period:___________________
Earthquakes
1. A ________________ is a fracture or break in Earth’s lithosphere along which block of rock move
past each other.
2. __________________ is the force exerted when an object presses on, pulls on, or pushes against
another object.
3. An _____________________ is a shaking of the ground caused by the sudden movement of large
blocks of rock along a fault.
4. Complete the chart:
Type of fault
Type of boundary
Action of the fault
Example-where it
happens
5. What causes earthquakes?
6. Energy from an earthquake travels as ______________________________.
7. The _______________ of an earthquake is the point underground where rocks first being to move
and the __________________ is the point on Earth’s surface where the most damage happens.
8. Complete the chart:
Type of wave
Speed
Type of material
Location of wave
9. What type of wave causes the most damage?
10. A ____________________ is an instrument that constantly records ground movements.
11. Describe the procedure for obtaining the epicenter of an earthquake.
12. Explain what happens when p-waves move from one type of material to another?
13. Describe how waves are used to determine the materials inside the Earth’s interior.
14. Why do scientists need three seismograph locations to determine the location of an epicenter.
15. Describe convection currents. What are they doing? Use density in your answer.
16. Describe how convection currents produce the Earth’s magnetic field.
17. If primary waves travel at a speed of about 5 km per second, how long would it take them to arrive
at a seismic station located 695 km away from the earthquake’s focus?
18. Matching
a. Normal fault
b. Strike-slip fault
c. Reverse fault
d. Primary wave
e. Secondary wave
f. Surface wave
g. Seismograph
h. Epicenter
i. Focus
j. Seismic waves
k. San Andreas
l. Pacific Ocean
m. Great Rift Valley
n. Himalaya Mountains
o. Fault
p. Earthquake
q. Stress
r. Convection current
s. Outer core
t. Inner core
_____ Equipment used to record seismic waves
_____ The place where an earthquake begins
_____ A convergent boundary fault
_____ The place where the most damage occurs in an Earthquake
_____ An example of a normal fault
_____ A divergent boundary fault
_____ The form the energy takes during an earthquake
_____ The most dense layer of the earth’s layers
_____ A seismic wave that travels through solids and liquids
_____ An example of a reverse fault
_____ The liquid layer of the earth where electricity is generated
_____ An example of a strike-slip fault
_____ The force exerted on rocks that causes earthquakes
_____ A transform boundary fault
_____ A fracture or break in Earth’s lithosphere
_____ A seismic wave that is relatively slow
_____ Where cool, dense rock sinks and hot rock rises
_____ Where 80% of the world’s earthquakes happen
_____ An example of a reverse fault
_____ A wave that causes great damage
19. What happens to the energy of the seismic wave as it moves further away from the focus?
20. Look at the three pictures. Identify the area and name the location. Name the type of boundary
located in that location and the type of fault.
Name
Fault
Boundary
Name
Fault
Boundary
Name
Fault
Boundary