BIO 2 GO!
Cellular Respiration
and ATP
3135, 3137
Cellular Respiration creates energy (ATP) for the cells to use for all of
their life functions. Aerobic cellular respiration requires oxygen.
Anaerobic cellular respiration does not require oxygen.
Cellular Respiration and ATP
3135, 3137
As a result of this unit, you should be able to do the following:
1. Explain the function of cellular respiration
2. Compare and contrast the 2 types of cellular respiration.
3. Write the equation for aerobic cellular respiration.
4. Explain in detail, the process of aerobic cellular respiration.
5. Describe ATP
6. Explain how ATP is used by the cells.
7. Use the following words in their correct context.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
cellular respiration
aerobic cellular respiration
anaerobic cellular respiration
ATP
glucose
carbon dioxide
oxygen
Cellular Respiration and ATP
3135, 3137
Cellular respiration creates energy in the form of ATP for the cell too use
for all life functions.
There are 2 types of cellular respiration: 1) aerobic and 2) anaerobic. In
both cases, the function of respiration is to create energy that is useful to the
cells.
1) Aerobic Cellular Respiration: Respiration that uses oxygen is called aerobic
respiration. Aerobic creates a lot of useful energy. It creates more energy than
anaerobic. It is the most common and familiar to humans.
2) Anaerobic Respiration: Respiration that does not require oxygen is called
anaerobic respiration. Anaerobic does not create much energy. It creates less
energy than aerobic.
REMEMBER THS !!!
Aerobic cellular respiration requires oxygen and releases a lot of energy.
Anaerobic cellular respiration does not require oxygen and releases small
amounts of energy. Aerobic creates more energy than anaerobic. They both
produce energy that is useful to the cells.
Question 1. Explain the function for cellular respiration.
Breaks down food for use by animals (and plants) in cellular functions.
Question 2. Distinguish between aerobic cellular respiration and anaerobic cellular
respiration.
Aerobic respiration uses oxygen and releases a lot of energy, anaerobic
respiration does not use oxygen and produces less energy.
Aerobic Cellular Respiration
During aerobic cellular respiration glucose (food) combines with oxygen to
create energy, carbon dioxide, and water. The purpose of cellular respiration is to
create energy. The energy that is created is useful to the living organism. Cellular
respiration takes place in all of the cells of both plants and animals.
REMEMBER THIS !!!
The equation for aerobic cellular respiration:
Glucose + oxygen  ENERGY (ATP) + carbon dioxide + water
Or
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → Energy + 6CO2 + 6H2O
Interesting Scientific Fact: If you were to reverse the equation for aerobic
cellular respiration, it would be the equation for photosynthesis. The waste
products of respiration are the starting chemicals for photosynthesis. The waste
products for photosynthesis are the starting chemicals for respiration. They are a
cycle.
ATP
The energy that is created during cellular respiration is stored as ATP. ATP is
a molecule that stores and releases energy whenever a cell needs it. The energy
released from ATP allows the cells to function properly. Most of the energy that
is released from ATP is in the form of heat.
Interesting Scientific Fact: The heat given off by the release of energy from ATP
is what creates your body temperature. That is why when you are exercising, you
are warmer than when you are resting. When you are exercising, more cells are
using aerobic cellular respiration to make energy. Therefore, when you are
exercising, more ATP molecules are being converted into energy which then
creates more body heat.
REMEMBER THIS !!!
ATP is the energy molecule. It can store and release energy as the cell
requires it.
Question 3. Without looking, write the equation that describes aerobic cellular
respiration.
Glucose + oxygen makes ENERGY (ATP) + carbon dioxide + water
Question 4. What is ATP? How is it used in aerobic cellular respiration?
ATP is the energy molecule produced by cellular respiration. It stores and
releases energy for the cell to use as it needs it.
How Aerobic Cellular Respiration works:
Glucose is a carbohydrate. Remember! Carbohydrates are the energy
containing organic molecules. Glucose is created through the digestion of
carbohydrates in food.
Oxygen is one of the gases in the air. When you breathe, you bring oxygen into
your body. The oxygen is then moved to your cells.
The glucose from the food you eat, and the oxygen from the air you breathe is
both present in every cell. During the process of aerobic cellular respiration they
are combined to release energy in the form of ATP, along with the waste products
carbon dioxide, and water.
Question 5. On the back of this page, explain aerobic cellular respiration and ATP.
Student answers may vary, but should be based on the paragraph above.
Interesting Scientific Fact: The mitochondrion is the cell part that performs
aerobic cellular respiration. In certain muscle cells that are very active and
require a lot of energy, there may be hundreds of mitochondria. (You will need to
remember mitochondria and their function for a later unit.)
Summary
Cellular Respiration and ATP
3135, 3137
Cellular respiration is the process of breaking apart glucose molecules to
get energy. There are two types of cellular respiration:
1. Aerobic Respiration – Using oxygen to break down glucose to release large
amounts of energy.
2. Anaerobic Respiration - Breaking down glucose to release smaller amounts
of energy with no oxygen present.
In both processes, the energy given off is stored in a smaller molecule called
ATP. ATP is an abbreviation for a long chemical name. Whenever a cell needs
energy, it uses ATP molecules. If a cell runs out of ATP, it cannot carry out its
reactions and will die.
One difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration is that many,
many more ATP can be created during aerobic respiration than during anaerobic.
So whenever a cell is using energy, it is using energy stored in its ATP
molecules. Each cell needs to create its ATP, so it must perform cellular
respiration.
The general equation for aerobic respiration:
Glucose and oxygen combine to create ATP(energy) and the waste products carbon
dioxide and water.
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → Energy + 6CO2 + 6H2O
Test Yourself
Matching
__D__ 1. cellular respiration
a. a waste product of cellular respiration
__E__ 2. aerobic respiration
b. a large molecule full of stored energy
__F__ 3. anaerobic respiration
c. a small molecule used by the cell for
energy
__C__ 4. ATP
d. the process of breaking glucose apart to
get energy
__B__ 5. glucose
e. breaking down glucose with oxygen
present
__A__ 6. carbon dioxide
f. breaking down glucose with no oxygen
True or False
__F___ 1. During cellular respiration, ATP is broken down.
__T___ 2. During cellular respiration, glucose is broken down.
__T___ 3. During aerobic respiration, oxygen is present.
__F___ 4. During aerobic respiration, oxygen is not present.
__T___ 5. During aerobic respiration, ATP are created
__F___ 6. During aerobic respiration, ATP are destroyed.
__F___ 7. During anaerobic respiration, oxygen is present.
__T___ 8. During anaerobic respiration, oxygen is not present.
__F___ 9. During anaerobic respiration, a lot of energy is created
__T___ 10. During aerobic respiration, a lot of energy is created
__T___11. If a cell doesn’t carry out cellular respiration, it cannot create its ATP.
__T___ 12. If a cell doesn’t have any ATP, it will die.
__T___ 13. The general equation for aerobic respiration is shows energy as a
product
__F___ 14. The waste products of cellular respiration are glucose and oxygen.
__T___ 15. The waste products of cellular respiration are carbon dioxide and
water.
Fill in the Blank
cellular respiration
glucose
carbon dioxide
aerobic
ATP
water
anaerobic
oxygen
created
1. All cells need _ATP____ molecules to carry out their functions that require
energy.
2. The ATP molecules in a cell must be _Created___by cellular respiration.
3. _Cellular Respiration______ is the process that provides the energy to
create ATP molecules.
4. During _Aerobic____ respiration, oxygen is present and many ATP
molecules can be created.
5. During _Anaerobic___ respiration, oxygen is not present and only a few ATP
can be created.
6. The energy to create these ATP molecules comes from the molecule
_Glucose____ which is in the food we eat.
7. The waste products of aerobic respiration are _Carbon dioxide__ and
_Water_____.
8. An organism that doesn’t have food or __Water_________, is likely to die
because it cannot create its ATP.
Answer the Following
1. What is the purpose for cellular respiration?
To break down glucose so that energy is provided to organisms.
2. What are the two types of cellular respiration?
Aerobic and anaerobic
3. Which type of cellular respiration creates the most ATP?
Aerobic
4. How would you describe ATP?
Energy molecule that is made as a result of cellular respiration.
5. Explain the function of ATP.
Provides energy for cells to use when they need it.
6. What is the general equation for aerobic cellular respiration?
Glucose + oxygen makes ENERGY (ATP) + carbon dioxide + water
Bonus Question 1: What is the name of the cell part that performs aerobic cellular
respiration?
Mitochondrion
Bonus Question 2: Explain how aerobic cellular respiration and photosynthesis are
related.
The products of one are the reactants of the other. They need each other to
survive and carry out their functions.