GEOG 1112: Weather and Climate
Summer 2008
I. Identify the following terms:
A. air pressure
B. cyclone
C. anticyclone
D. isobars
E. pressure gradient force
F. coriolis force
G. friction force
H. geostrophic wind
I. rossby waves
J. polar jet stream
K. subtropical jet stream
L. ITCZ
M. Monsoon
N. Gyre
O. Thermohaline circulation
P. Gulf Stream
Q. Bermuda-Azores High
R. ENSO
S. Western intensification
T. Surface tension
U. Capillary action
V. Maximum humidity
W. Specific humidity
X. Relative humidity
Y. Saturation
Z. Evapotranspiration
AA. Adiabatic processes
BB. Lifting condensation level
CC. Environmental lapse rate
DD. Condensation nuclei
EE. Hygroscopic aerosol
FF. Heterogeneous nucleation
GG. Freezing rain
HH. Hail
II. Snow
JJ. Clouds
KK. Fog
LL. Advection fog
MM. Radiation fog
NN. Sea fog
OO. Evaporation fog
PP. Culumonibus cloud
Exam 2 Study Guide
QQ. Nimbostratus cloud
RR. Cirrocumulus cloud
SS. Altocirrus cloud
TT. Air mass or air parcel
UU. mP air mass
VV. cP air mass
WW. cT air mass
XX. mT air mass
YY. rainshadow
ZZ. winward
AAA. leeward
BBB. midlatitude cyclone
CCC. occluded front
DDD. stationary front
EEE. warm front
FFF. cold front
GGG. squall line
HHH. cloud to cloud lightning
III. cloud to ground lightning
JJJ. Thunder
KKK. Tornado
LLL. Suction vortex
MMM.
Tropical wave
NNN.
Storm surge
OOO. Eye wall
PPP. eye
II.
Short Answer:
A. Explain the movement of wind during the day and at night in the mountain-valley
breeze.
B. Explain how the Gulf Stream transports heat from the Caribbean to northern
Europe.
C. Explain why relative humidity gives no indication as to whether or not it will rain.
D. Explain why condensation forms on the outside of a glass of ice water.
E. Explain what happens to the internal temperature, size, internal pressure, and
density of an air parcel as it rises and falls in the atmosphere.
F. Explain the relationship between air temperature, water vapor content of the air,
and altitude of an area.
G. Remembering that the DAR is 10°C/1000m, would an unsaturated air parcel at
the surface having an internal temperature of 10°C rise in an atmosphere if the
outside temperature was 8°C (ELR: 3°C/1000m). Explain your answer.
H. Explain the differences between cirrus, altus, stratus, and cumulus clouds.
I. List and describe the 4 lifting mechanisms.
J. Name and describe the 4 stages of midlatitude cyclone development.
K. Explain the difference between an air mass thunderstorm and a supercell (severe)
thunderstorm.
L. Why are there more tornadoes in the US than any other country?
M. What are the 3 conditions necessary for hurricane formation?
III.
Illustrations
A. Illustrate a high-pressure cell and a low-pressure cell under the influence of a) the
pressure gradient force, b) the pressure gradient force and coriolis force, and c)
the pressure gradient force, coriolis force, and friction force for the Northern
Hemisphere.
B. Attach the three cell model of global circulation to your study guide.
C. Illustrate the land-sea breeze.
D. Illustrate the oceanic-atmospheric circulation of the tropical Pacific during a
normal year and during an ENSO year. Include the following in your illustration:
names and direction of winds, upwelling, downwelling, pressure cells, western
intensification.
E. Illustrate the Hydrologic Cycle. Include the following in your diagram:
evaporation, clouds, advection, transpiration, evapotranspiration, infiltration,
percolation, run-off.
F. Be able to illustrate the source regions of the major air masses affecting US
weather.
G. Illustrate a warm front and a cold front. Include air masses involved, clouds
formed, and arrows indicating movement of air masses.