ZOOL 409
Lab Week 9
Tuesday and Thursday
TUESDAY Objectives:
THURSDAY Objectives:
Examine glands of digestion (including
specialized mucosal cell types).
Examine liver (and continue your
examination of the digestive tract).
Continue examining the several regions of
the digestive tract.

Slide 54-- Pig liver has each hepatic lobule
neatly outlined by connective tissue. Note
hepatic lobules, portal areas (each with portal
vein, hepatic artery, and bile duct), hepatic cords,
sinusoids, and central veins. Understand the
relationships among hepatocytes, sinusoids, and
bile canaliculi. Try to see sinusoidal
endothelium, space of Disse, and Kupffer cells.
This slide is stained with trichrome, so
collagen is blue (highlighting the "frame"around
each lobule. But unfortunately nuclei haven't
stained well, so you can't use this slide -- at least
not easily -- to see the various cells which
comprise liver.

Slide 55 -- Human liver is quite similar to pig
liver, except without the conspicuous septa
separating the lobules. Microscopically the
human liver looks like a vast field of hepatocytes
interrupted only occasionally by portal areas.

Slide 56 -- Liver with cirrhosis. Look for the
same organizational features as in pig liver.
Then note that connective tissue between lobules
is variously thick and inflamed.
The term cirrhosis refers to scarring of the
liver, in which collagen replaces damaged liver
parenchyma. For more, see liver pathology on
the website.

Slide 32, 34-- salivary glands (distinguish
serous cells, mucous cells, and ducts)

Slide 33 -- soft palate

Slides 36, 37 (also, in some boxes, 35, 57),
esophagus -- (submucosal glands might or might
not be present on a particular slide).

Slides 37, 38, 39, 40, 41 -- stomach
The stomach is notable for its prominent
mucosal glands. Note distinct surface mucous
cells in all regions, extending into gastric pits.
Then note that the mucosal glands differ in
different regions of the stomach. Distinguish
fundic glands, with their plentiful chief cells and
parietal cells, from the mucous glands of cardiac
and pyloric stomach.

Slides 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 51 -- small intestine.
Distinguish goblet cells from absorptive cells in
the surface of the villi; see whether you can
distinguish Paneth cells at the bottoms of the
crypts, and note Brunner's glands in the
submucosa of the duodenum.

Slides 51, 52, 53 -- pancreas (note serous acini,
ducts, and islets).
See Practice Quiz on back.
Last updated: 21 March 2012 / dgk
Practice Quiz
Do not call for a quiz until you are prepared to
proceed efficiently. Each of the listed structures
should be readily apparent in an appropriate region.
The order of listing should call for minimal stage
movement between one structure and the next.
"Hunting" should seldom be necessary.
In addition to the quiz, you are also (as always)
encouraged to seek confirmation for your
recognition of structures on slides from your
reference slide set -- particularly of any features
not included in these quizzes.
□
□
□
□
Features of tongue:
____Serous salivary gland
____Mucous salivary gland
____Duct
Features of salivary gland:
____Serous cells
____Mucous cells
____Duct
____Blood vessel (indicate whether
□
artery or vein)
□
□
Features of intestinal mucosa:
____Enterocyte on villus
____Goblet cell
____Paneth cell
Stomach / duodenum junction:
____Epithelial boundary
____ Stomach surface mucus cells
____ Intestinal absorptive & goblet cells
____Brunner's glands in submucosa
Features of pancreas:
____Serous cells
____Islet of Langerhans
____Duct
____Blood vessel (indicate whether
artery or vein)
Features of esophagus:
____Submucosal gland
____Lymphoid tissue
Features of stomach mucosa:
____Gastric pit
____ Surface mucous cell
____Gastric (fundic) glands
____ Parietal cell
____ Chief cell
□
Features of liver:
____Portal area
____ Bile duct (branch)
____ Portal vein (branch)
____ Hepatic artery (branch)
____Hepatic cord / hepatocyte
____Sinusoid
____Central vein
Last updated: 8 December 2011 / dgk