Institute of Criminology and Criminal Justice
School of Law
Annual Report 2005/2006
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WELCOME
I have great pleasure in presenting the annual report for the Institute of
Criminology and Criminal Justice for 2005/6.
As you will note herein, the Institute continues to grow both in terms of new
appointments and in terms of the breadth of research and teaching interests
and expertise which we can now call upon. Ms Marny Requa, a recent JD
graduate from Fordham University School of Law, took up a position in 2005
as a lecturer. Dr Shadd Maruna, a graduate of Northwestern University and
former lecturer in Criminology at the University of Cambridge, also took up a
position as a Reader in 2005. In addition, Ms Kirsten McConnachie, a
graduate of the University of Nottingham and a member of the New York Bar,
was appointed as a Research Assistant in October 2005, working with myself
and our long term Visiting Professor Harry Mika on a comparative project on
transitional justice from below. In 2006 we appointed Ms Karen Brennan and
Ms Clare Dwyer, graduates of UCD and Queens respectively, as temporary
lecturers and Dr Peter Shirlow, formerly of the University of Ulster, to the
position of a senior lectureship in criminology. The background disciplines of
staff at the Institute now include law, criminology, international criminal justice,
sociology, psychology and geography – all of which speaks directly to the
contemporary interdisciplinary nature of the subject and the intellectual range
which Institute staff bring to their teaching and research.
In 2006 we also said farewell to our colleague David O’Mahony, formerly a
senior lecturer in the Institute, who took up a position as a Reader in
Criminology at the University of Durham. David was one of the original four
members of staff who were appointed when the Institute was established in
1995. During his time at Queens he established a considerable reputation for
his expertise in youth justice and his ability to secure funding for and manage
large research projects. He was also an immensely warm, supportive and
decent colleague and we all wish him well in his new career at Durham.
As you will note, Institute staff continue to be involved in a wide variety of
research on both local and international criminological topics; writing and
editing academic and policy related books, articles and chapters; attracting
funding for major research projects and managing them through to successful
scholarly output; teaching at both undergraduate and postgraduate level;
supervising PhD students and playing our part in the national and
international scholarly community.
In addition however, the Institute continues to play an important role in the
local Northern Ireland community. In 2005/6 David O’Mahony and Professor
John Jackson headed up a major evaluation of youth conferencing funded by
the Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency. In partnership with the
Police Service of Northern Ireland and the Institute of Life-Long Learning, in
2005 Dr Graham Ellison established a new Postgraduate Certificate in Law,
Policing and the Investigation of Serious Crime (Work Based Learning) which
is taught in conjunction with the Institute of Life-Long Learning at Queen’s.
The course is aimed at Senior Investigating Officers in the PSNI and the first
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cohort graduated in June 2006. Professor Phil Scraton (with Dr Linda Moore)
published his work on The Imprisonment of Women and Girls in Northern
Ireland, and in December began the second phase of this research at
Hydebank Wood. Professor Mika continued evaluations of the community
based restorative justice programmes in Republican and Loyalist areas. I
continued with fieldwork (originally begun with our deceased colleague
Professor Livingstone) on how judges and lawyers deal with transition and
human rights as well as ongoing work on ex-prisoners and ex-combatants. Dr
Graham Ellison began preparation on his work assessing the impact of the
Patten reforms on the PSNI seven years from their initial publication with a
particular emphasis on the work of the Policing Board and District Policing
Partnerships in enhancing the accountability of the force. Ruth Jamieson
began a research project with Bernadette McAliskey of STEP (South Tyrone
Empowerment Programme) which was aimed at documenting and analysing
republican women’s experience of the conflict in Northern Ireland through a
series of narrative interviews and focus group activities within three
generations of rural women. In these and other research and teaching
activities related to Northern Ireland, Institute staff seek to combine the
highest standards of academic rigour with the needs of the local community.
Further afield, we also continue to be involved with a range of scholarly
activities including funded projects, editorial work for various journals,
attendance and presentation at conferences and membership and activity of
various scholarly bodies including the British Society of Criminology, the
Australia and New Zealand Society of Criminology and the European
Criminology Society. In 2005 we hosted the 33rd Annual Conference of the
European Group for the Study of Deviance and Social Control and the first
cross border criminological conference in Ireland. Such events, alongside the
all-Ireland postgraduate conference, we hope will be a regular annual feature.
We intend in the coming year to further develop and enhance the institutional
co-operation between the various universities and other sites where
criminology is taught and researched in the North and South.
Finally, I would like to take this opportunity to pay tribute to my predecessor
Professor John Jackson. John has been Director of the Institute since 1999
and has been immensely influential in ensuring that the Institute became
properly embedded within the School of Law after the two institutions merged.
The fact that John was also Head of the Law School for the early part of his
tenure, as well as one of the independent advisors to the Northern Ireland
Criminal Justice Review, speaks volumes of his commitment to taking forward
the work of the Institute. I formally took over the position of Director in
September 2006 (after a year’s research sabbatical) so much of the work
detailed herein was conducted under John’s leadership. John is currently the
beneficiary of a prestigious British Academy Two Year Leave Fellowship
undertaking a study of the international developments in criminal evidence
and again he has our best wishes in his research.
Looking toward the future, as the Institute continues to grow, we want to build
upon our previous successes and develop yet further our reputation for high
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calibre teaching and research as well as our links and relationships with the
criminal justice community here and elsewhere.
Professor Kieran McEvoy
Director
October 2006
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STAFF
New Institute Members
Karen Brennan graduated from University College Dublin in 2000 with a
Bachelor of Civil Law degree. She entered into the integrated LLM/PhD
programme in October of that year; and was awarded a Government of
Ireland Research Scholarship for the Humanities and Social Sciences in
2002. Karen’s chosen thesis topic was the law on infanticide. Her research
involved an analysis of cultural and historical perspectives on maternal child
killing, an examination of the development of infanticide legislation in both
England and the Republic of Ireland, and a comparative exploration of the
continued relevance of such laws. Karen submitted her PhD thesis in
February 2006. She is interested in continuing research in the area of
infanticide as well as in other areas of criminal law. During the course of her
postgraduate studies in UCD, Karen was a Senior Tutor in Criminal Law. She
was also a member of the Editorial Board of the UCD Law Review. She has
recently been appointed as Researcher to the Criminal Law Rapporteur on
the Legal Protection of Children in the Republic of Ireland. Karen teaches
both criminal law and evidence.
Clare Dwyer (January 2007) graduated in Law and Government from the
University of Ulster (UU) in 1998 and in 1999 was awarded the degree of
MSSc. in Criminology and Criminal Justice from Queen’s University Belfast
(QUB). From 2000 – 2002 she was employed as a researcher on a number of
projects based in the Institute of Criminology and Criminal Justice at Queen's
and also taught on the undergraduate law programme. From 2002- 2004 she
was Projects Manager for Donnelly-Hall Ltd, a management and research
consultancy engaged by the Department for International Development, World
Bank and the United Nations, to provide technical assistance in the areas of
legislation and criminal justice to countries from the former Soviet Union and
former Yugoslavia. In 2004, she was employed by the School of Law (QUB)
as a researcher on a major multidisciplinary research project examining
Children’s Rights in Northern Ireland for the Northern Ireland Commissioner
for Children and Young People. Prior to taking up her current post with
Queen’s, Clare was Lecturer in Law at the Transitional Justice Institute (UU).
Her research interests include penal policy, paramilitary ex-prisoners and
transitional justice. Clare is currently writing up her doctorate at the School of
Law, QUB. Clare has taken up a two year lectureship in the Institute.
Kirsten McConnachie (October 2005) is a research assistant in the Institute
of Criminology and Criminal Justice, working with Professor Kieran McEvoy
and Professor Harry Mika on their comparative study of ‘transitional justice
from below.’ She holds a law degree from the University of Glasgow, an LLM
with distinction at the University of Nottingham in International Criminal
Justice and was admitted to the New York Bar in September 2005. Between
2003 and 2005 she worked as a consultant at the International Centre for
Transitional Justice. She was the primary author of the ICTJ’s Frati Guidelines
for NGO Engagement with Truth Commissions (2004, ICTJ). Following her
time in New York she worked as a researcher at the School of Law, University
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of Hull. She has published in a number of areas including political
imprisonment, state crime, and transitional justice and is co-author of the
forthcoming monograph (with K. McEvoy and H. Mika) Reconstructing Justice
After Conflict: The View from Below (2007/8, Cambridge University Press).
Dr Shadd Maruna (August 2005) joined the Institute as a Reader in
Criminology. Previously, he had been a lecturer for four years at the Institute
of Criminology at Cambridge, and before that was an assistant professor for
three years in the School of Criminal Justice at the University at Albany, State
University of New York. He holds a Ph.D. in Human Development and Social
Policy from Northwestern University (Chicago, USA) and his work focuses on
the subject of ex-offender reintegration from this interdisciplinary perspective.
His Ph.D. study on the social psychology of ex-prisoner reintegration based in
Liverpool (UK) was awarded the Phi Delta Kappa Outstanding Ph.D. Thesis
Award for Northwestern in 1998. His first book, Making Good: How ExConvicts Reform and Rebuild Their Lives (American Psychological
Association Books) was named the “Outstanding Contribution to Criminology”
by the American Society of Criminology (ASC) in 2001. In 2004, he was
named the Distinguished New Scholar by the ASC’s Division of Corrections
and Sentencing. He is the co-editor of two new books with Willan Publishing
on the subject of ex-prisoner coping and reintegration (After Crime and
Punishment, 2004; The Effects of Imprisonment, 2005), and he recently coauthored a new book on the subject with Tony Ward (Rehabilitation,
Routledge 2007). He has been a Fulbright Scholar and an H.F. Guggenheim
Fellow, sits on numerous editorial boards, and is the author of over 50 journal
articles and book chapters.
Ms Marny Requa (October 2005) graduated from Northwestern University
with a bachelor's degree in Journalism in 1993. In 2001, she was awarded a
master's degree in Latin American Studies at the University of California,
Berkeley and completed a thesis entitled The International Pinochet Case and
Transitional Justice in Chile. She completed a Juris Doctorate degree at
Fordham University School of Law in New York in 2004, graduating magna
cum laude, and was admitted to the New York Bar in 2005. From 2004 to
2005, Marny worked as a law clerk to the Hon. Denny Chin, U.S. District
Court, Southern District of New York. She was an adjunct professor at
Fordham University School of Law in spring 2005 and has worked as a
consultant for Human Rights First. Marny is a member of the New York City
Bar's Committee on International Human Rights and the Latin American
Studies Association. Her publications include “Northern Ireland: Criminal
Justice Reforms Six Years after the Accord” (with Gerald Conroy et al.)
(2004), 59 The Record 314 and “The Bitter Transition,” in Roger Burbach, The
Pinochet Affair (2003), Transnational Institute. Marny was appointed to a
permanent lectureship in 2005.
Dr Pete Shirlow (February 2007) will be joining the Institute in the New Year
as a senior lecturer in criminology. He has been based at the University of
Ulster for several years where he has been working on issues related to postconflict settlement. This has included research on former political prisoners,
issues of violence, fear, segregation and more recently specific research on
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the future of loyalist paramilitaries. He is presently working on a Leverhulme
sponsored project regarding ideological shifts among republican and loyalist
organisations. He has published widely. Recent books include Belfast:
Segregation, Violence and the City (2006, with B. Murtagh, Pluto Press) and
Beyond the Wire : Ex-prisoners and Conflict Transformation in Northern
Ireland (2007, with B. Graham and K. McEvoy, Pluto Press). He is a member
of a number of journal editorial boards including Capital and Class (20012006), International Planning Studies (2006 onwards) and Irish Political
Studies (2006 onwards).
Existing Institute Members
Graham Ellison completed his undergraduate studies at Queen's University
where he graduated with a BA (Hons) degree in Political Science and
Sociology. He completed his D. Phil at the University of Ulster (Jordanstown)
in 1996, which was a critical analysis of the Royal Ulster Constabulary’s role
in political conflict in Northern Ireland, and in 1997 was appointed to the post
of Lecturer in Criminology at Keele University, England. In September 2000
he returned to Belfast to take up a position in the Institute of Criminology and
Criminal Justice at Queen's. He has been a visiting scholar at Cornell
University in the United States and the University of Cape Town, South Africa.
He has completed ESRC funded research into young people's experiences of
crime, policing and victimization in Northern Ireland, and is currently
managing a research project funded by the Irish Government to develop
closer criminological and criminal justice research links between the United
Kingdom and Ireland. His current research activities involve an assessment
of the police reform process in Northern Ireland since the publication of the
Report of the Independent Commission on Policing with an emphasis on the
role of social capital in the reform process; donor assistance to international
police and security sector reform; private policing and security; and security
strategies adopted in the current Global War on Terror.
John Jackson graduated in law from the University of Durham in 1976 and
completed an LLM at the University of Wales in 1980. He was called to the
Bar of Northern Ireland in 1977 and to the English Bar in 1985. He was
appointed Lecturer in Law at Queen's University Belfast in 1980, became
Reader in Law in 1990 and Professor of Public Law in 1995. He has taught in
a number of law schools apart from Queen's including University College
Cardiff, the City University London and the University of Sheffield where he
was Reader in Law in 1993 and 1994. He was a Visiting Professor at
Hastings College of Law, University of California in 2000. He was Head of the
School of Law at Queen’s from 1997-2000 and Director of the School’s
Institute of Criminology and Criminal Justice from 1999 – 2006. He is
presently the recipient of a British Academy two year research leave
fellowship studying international developments in criminal evidence and a Life
Sentence Review Commissioner for Northern Ireland.
Ruth Jamieson completed her undergraduate studies at Queen's University,
Canada where she graduated with a Joint Hons BA in Sociology and English
Literature in 1973. She completed her M Phil in Criminology at the University
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of Cambridge in 1988. Before joining the Institute of Criminology and Criminal
Justice at Queen's in 2004 she taught at Keele University from 1995-2004 and
at Cambridge University 1994-95. Prior to that she worked for the Canadian
Department of Justice on the research and evaluation of Federal/Provincial
Legal Aid and Access to Justice Programs. She also has published widely in
the areas of war and crime and transnational crime. She is currently involved
in research on topics including the effects of long-term imprisonment, and
gender and resilience in armed conflict. She was an Invited Special Expert to
the Tenth UN Congress on Crime Prevention and the Treatment of Offenders,
11-15 April 2000, Vienna. She is currently a member of the editorial boards of
the British Journal of Criminology, Critical Criminology and Temida (Journal of
Victimology, Human Rights and Gender for the Former Yugoslavia).
Anne-Marie McAlinden graduated in law from Queen's University in 1996. In
1997 she was awarded the degree of MSSc from the Institute of Criminology
and Criminal Justice at Queen's. Anne-Marie was appointed to the post of
Lecturer in Law at the University of Ulster, Jordanstown, in September 2001
and later to the post of Lecturer in Criminology in January 2003. In the interim
period she completed her PhD, a study on the management of sexual
offenders in the community in Northern Ireland, in September 2002. She
joined the School of Law at Queen's in September 2003. Her main research
interests lie in the areas of the management of violent and sexual offenders,
restorative justice and criminal justice issues generally where she has
published a number of articles and other papers. Her book 'The Shaming of
Sexual Offenders: Risk, Retribution and Reintegration' is due to be published
by Hart Publishing in 2007.
Kieran McEvoy is Director of the Institute of Criminology and Criminal Justice
and Professor of Law and Transitional Justice. He was previously Information
Officer for NIACRO, and joined Queens as Assistant Director of the ICCJ in
1995, becoming a Professor in 2002. He has been a Visiting Scholar at
Fordham University Law School; New York University Law School; Institute of
Criminology, University of Cambridge; the Mannheim Centre of Criminology at
the London School of Economics and the School of Law at Berkeley,
University of California and a Fulbright Distinguished Scholar at Harvard Law
School. He is Review Editor of the British Journal of Criminology, and a
member of the Editorial Board of Criminology and Criminal Justice and
Contemporary Justice Review. He is also Vice-Chairperson of CAJ (the
Committee on the Administration of Justice), and a member of the Executive
Committee of NIACRO and the Social Justice Committee of the Community
Foundation. He is currently involved in a range of research projects on topics
including ex-combatants and peacemaking, transitional justice ‘from below’,
restorative justice, international criminal justice, prisoner reintegration, and an
international comparative study of how the judiciary and legal profession
respond to the transition to a human rights culture. He has published on each
of these topics in a wide range of journals and book chapters. He is author,
co-author or co-editor of a number of books including Crime Community and
|Locale (with J. Morison, R. Geary and D. O’Mahony, 2000, Ashgate);
Paramilitary Imprisonment in Northern Ireland (Oxford University Press);
which was awarded the British Society of Criminology book of the year award
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in 2002; Criminology Conflict Resolution and Restorative Justice (2003, coeditor with T. Newburn, Palgrave); Judges, Human Rights and Transition
(2006, co-editor with J. Morison & G. Anthony, Oxford University Press),
Truth, Transition and Reconciliation: Dealing with the Past in Northern Ireland
(Willan, 2007); Beyond the Wire: Ex-prisoners and Conflict Transformation in
Northern Ireland (with B. Graham and P. Shirlow, 2007, Pluto): and co-editor
of a special issue of the Journal of International Criminal Justice (with L.
McGregor) on Transitional Justice From Below (2007, also to be published as
an edited book by Oxford University Press).
Katie Quinn graduated in law from Trinity College, Dublin in 1994. In 1996,
she was awarded the degree of MSc. in Criminology at Edinburgh University.
In October 1996 she was appointed to the post of Research and Teaching
Assistant in Criminal Law and Criminal Justice at Queen's University and in
1998 was appointed to the post of Lecturer in Law. She teaches criminal law,
evidence and criminal process at undergraduate level and criminal process
and procedure at postgraduate level. Her main research interests lie in the
areas of criminal procedure, criminal law, evidence and criminal justice issues
generally.
Phil Scraton is Professor of Criminology in the Institute of Criminology and
Criminal Justice. His doctorate focused on the abuse of police powers and
the politics of accountability. Previously he was Professor and Director of the
Centre for Studies in Crime and Social Justice at Edge Hill University. He
was awarded a Visiting Professorial Scholarship to Monash University,
Melbourne in 2005. His primary research includes: the regulation and
criminalisation of children and young people; controversial deaths and the
state; the rights of the bereaved and survivors in the aftermath of disasters;
violence and incarceration; the politics of truth and official inquiry; critical
analysis and its application. He teaches post-graduate modules in Gender,
Sexuality and Violence and Children’s Rights. He is author of The State of the
Police (Pluto, 1985) and Hillsborough: The Truth (Mainstream, 2000); coauthor of In the Arms of the Law: Coroners’ Inquests and Deaths in Custody
(Pluto, 1987), Prisons Under Protest (Open University Press, 1991) and No
Last Rights: The Promotion of Myth and the Denial of Justice in the Aftermath
of the Hillsborough Disaster (LCC/Alden Press, 1985); and editor of Causes
for Concern: Criminal Justice on Trial (Penguin, 1984), The State v The
People: Lessons from the Coal Dispute (Blackwell/JLS, 1985), Law, Order
and the Authoritarian State: Readings in Critical Criminology (Open University
Press, 1987), ‘Childhood’ in ‘Crisis’? (UCL Press, 1997) and Beyond
September 11: An Anthology of Dissent (Pluto, 2002). Power, Conflict and
Criminalisation will be published by Routledge in 2007. He is also co-editing,
with Jude McCulloch, a special edition of Social Justice on deaths in custody
and detention (2006) and The Violence of Incarceration (Routledge, 2007).
Recent work includes co-authored research for the NI Human Rights
Commission, The Hurt Inside: The Imprisonment of Women and Girls in
Northern Ireland (NIHRC, 2005) and for the NI Commissioner for Children and
Young People, Children’s Rights in Northern Ireland 2004 (NICCY, 2005).
Currently he is researching self harm and suicide in Northern Ireland’s
prisons, including youth custody, for the Human Rights Commission and
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heading a funded long term research project: The marginalisation and
criminalisation of children and young people, a rights-based approach to
exclusion.
Visiting Staff
Harry Mika is a professor at Central Michigan University (USA), a Senior
Fellow at the Institute of Criminology and Criminal Justice and an Honorary
Professor at the School of Law. A researcher, teacher and practitioner, he
has been extensively involved in the development and evaluation of
community-based restorative justice initiatives in Loyalist and Republican
areas of Northern Ireland since 1997. His current research is focused on
aspects of transitional justice, both on alternatives to paramilitary punishment
violence and threat, and justice roles of ex-combatants in peacebuilding
processes. Additionally, Harry Mika serves as an evaluator and monitor for
reconciliation portfolios of several philanthropies, trusts and foundations.
Harry Mika is a sociologist by training and has founded two university social
and criminal justice programmes. His upper-level and graduate teaching is
primarily in the areas of conflict resolution, victims and violence, and child
welfare. He is widely published and has received numerous awards for
teaching and justice practice. He has previously held postdoctoral fellowships
sponsored by the National Institute for Mental Health (Yale University, USA)
and the Hague Academy of International Law, (Centre for Studies and
Research, the Netherlands). In 2003, Harry Mika received a Fulbright New
Century Scholar's Award for the study of sectarian conflict. He was awarded
the title of Honorary Professor in the School of Law in 2005.
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TEACHING
Courses
The following masters programmes are offered at the Institute:
• MSSc/Diploma in Criminology
• MSSc/Diploma in Criminal Justice
• MSSc/LLM in Criminal Justice and Human Rights
• Cross Border LLM in Criminal Justice and Human Rights (NUI, Galway)
Students pursuing the masters and Diploma programmes in 2005-2006
completed some (depending on the programme chosen) of the following core
modules:
Theory and Practice in Criminology
Research Methods
Criminal Justice Processes
Criminal Justice Research
Sentencing and the Criminal Justice System
Protecting Human Rights
OptionsPunishment and Social Control
Policing
Fear, Crime and the Media
Crime Prevention
Comparative Youth Justice
Restorative Justice
Management Theory in the Criminal Justice System
Management Practice in the Criminal Justice System
Transitional Justice and Conflict Transformation
Transnational Crime
Gender, Sexuality and the Law
Students pursuing the LLM/MSSc in Criminal Justice and Human Rights must
choose at least one option from a range of these elective modules offered by
the Institute and at least one option from a range of elective modules offered
by the Centre for Human Rights. Students proceeding to the Masters must
also complete a 20,000-word dissertation. Members of the Institute also
continue to teach on a range of modules in the undergraduate LLB and on
other programmes. Courses taught by members of the Institute on the LLB
undergraduate course include Criminology, Criminology and Conflict,
Evidence, Criminal Law, Criminal Process I (Procedure), Criminal Process II
(Children and Justice) and International Criminal Justice.
In addition, members of the Institute are supervising students conducting
research on topics such as social responses to drugs, conflict resolution,
transitional justice, sexual violence in conflicts, paramilitary prisoners, coping
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with long term imprisonment, transnational crime, torture survivor
perspectives on truth and justice, sex offenders, young offenders, rape,
attrition and survival, children’s rights, the ‘war on terror’, sexuality and
violence, rape as a war crime, restorative justice, community dispute
resolution, police accountability, victims of crime, vulnerable witnesses and
juries, attrition in domestic violence cases in South Africa. Some of the
students below are jointly supervised by staff from other clusters in the School
of Law.
Sophia Armstrong The Treatment of Disabled Victims with the Criminal
Justice System in England and Wales
Lillian Artz, Attrition in Rape Cases in South Africa
Robert Barnidge, States, Terror Organisations and the Law of International
Responsibility
Vicky Conway, A Socio-legal Analysis of Police Accountability in the Republic
of Ireland
Alison Digney, Implications of Architectural Design of the New Female Priosn
at Mountjoy on Prison Experience
Marian Duggan, Homophobic Violence
Roisin Devlin, Youth Justice/Young People in Custody
Clare Dwyer Release and Resettlement of Paramilitary Ex-prisoners in
Northern Ireland.
Anna Eriksson, The Role of Community Based Restorative Justice as an
Alternative to Punishment Violence in Northern Ireland
Jonathon Kearney, International Policing Interventions in Post-Conflict
Situations
Paula Kenny, Restorative Justice, Children, Young People and Crime
Nicola Kerr, The Perceptions and Experiences of Vulnerable Witnesses of the
Northern Ireland Criminal Justice System
Nikolay Kovalev, Lay Adjudication Reform in Transitional Criminal Justice
Systems of the Commonwealth of Independent States
Yassin M’Boge, The Legal Relationship Between the Security Council and the
International Criminal Court
Louise Mallinder, A Comparative Study of Amnesty Laws
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Alanna McGarry, The Northern Ireland Commissioner of Children and Young
People
John McGuckin, Prison Officer Training and the Use of Discretion: The
Construction of Regimes in Prisoners Through The Use of Discretion in the
Application of Prison Roles
Ronagh McQuigg, How Effective is International Human Rights Law? A Case
Study of Domestic Violence in the United Kingdom
Maria Moloney, Corporate Manslaughter
Fiona O’Connell, Victims Rights, the Criminal Justice System and Civil
Society in Northern Ireland
Conor O’Reilly, The Role of Security Consultancy in Transnational Policing
Lisa White, Torture as a Criminological Issue
As noted above, in partnership with the PSNI and the Institute of Life-Long
Learning, the Institute has also developed a new Postgraduate Certificate in
Law, Policing and the Investigation of Serious Crime (Work Based Learning)
aimed at Senior Investigating Officers in the PSNI which began in 2006.
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RESEARCH
The Institute continues to make a significant contribution to research at local,
national and international levels. Throughout 2005 a team of researchers
from the Institute led by David O’Mahony and including Professor John
Jackson and Professor Kieran McEvoy worked on the evaluation of the youth
conference pilot.
Professor McEvoy (together with his former Research Assistant Ms Rachel
Rebouche) conducted further research on an international comparative study
of how judges and lawyers respond to human rights discourses in societies in
transition. This latter research (the report from which will be published in early
2007) included interviews with over 120 judges and lawyers in 6 countries
including 5 chief justices, 18 supreme court judges and most of the senior
judiciary in Northern Ireland. In 2005 Professor McEvoy also completed (with
B. Graham and P. Shirlow) a project funded by the Community Relations
Council looking at the role of ex-prisoners in the process of conflict
transformation. He also completed work with NIACRO looking at the prospect
for employment of ex-prisoners following their release from incarceration in
Northern Ireland. Together with Professor Mika, and Ms McConnachie,
Professor McEvoy in 2005 began a comparative project on transitional justice
from below. Together with Dr Maruna and Brian Gormally, he also began a
cross border project to consider the role of ex-prisoners in conflict
transformation in the border areas. Finally, in partnership with Healing
Through Remembering, he also began work on a project to consider options
for Truth Recovery in Northern Ireland.
In 2005 John Jackson continued his work on the operation of international
norms in the UK prosecuting services funded by the Nuffield Foundation
In October 2005 the research report written by Professor Phil Scraton and Dr
Linda Moore, The Hurt Inside: The Imprisonment of Women and Girls in
Northern Ireland, was launched by the Northern Ireland Human Rights
Commission at a one-day conference held at the Waterfront Hall, Belfast.
Guest speakers included the Prisons Inspectorate Chief Inspector, Anne
Owers, the Director-General of the Northern Ireland Prison Service, Robin
Masefield, representatives of the Prison Ombudsman’s Office, of Inquest and
former women prisoners. In December, Professor Scraton and Dr Moore
began the second phase of this research at Hydebank Wood. It was
completed in April, with the report due in Autumn 2006. Professor Scraton
has also been commissioned by the Human Rights Commission to research
self harm and suicide in Northern Ireland’s prisons.
Phase one will
concentrate on the experiences of women and young prisoners; phase two
will carry out research in Northern Ireland’s two adult male prisons.
Following publication of the Queen’s-based research for the Northern Ireland
Commissioner for Children and Young People, Children’s Rights in Northern
Ireland, Professor Phil Scraton was successful in gaining funding for new
research into the marginalisation and criminalisation of children and young
people. Initially funded for 18 months, the research will work with the most
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socially excluded and vulnerable children and young people accessing their
experiences and priorities in the context of rights. This research begins in
Autumn 2006.
Shadd Maruna completed a two-year Guggenheim Foundation-funded study
of punitive public attitudes in the United Kingdom. This research involved a
survey of 1000 members of the public followed up by in-depth interviews with
20 citizens with highly punitive attitudes and a matched sample of 20 with
strongly non-punitive views. The goal of the research is to better understand
the social psychology of punitive views among the public. An additional wave
of research is beginning at the moment in which Maruna and colleagues
(Anna King at Keele University, Fenna Van Marle at Cambridge University)
will attempt to experimentally manipulate punitive attitudes in a variety of
ways.
In 2005, research was also conducted by members of the Institute on a range
of other issues including the treatment of women in prison, the experiences of
rural Republican women of the conflict in Northern Ireland and the
intergenerational enmeshment of their biographies, remedies for jury bias in
criminal trials, the operation of international norms in the UK prosecuting
services regarding sex offending and the treatment and management of sex
offenders via retributive and restorative justice.
Members of the Institute also contribute to wider research development
through their membership of the editorial boards of various journals such as
the British Journal of Criminology, Critical Criminology: An International
Journal, Temida (Journal of Victimology, Human Rights and Gender), the
Contemporary Justice Review, Criminal Justice, Theoretical Criminology,
Current Issues in Criminal Justice, Youth Justice, the Journal for the Theory of
Crime and Criminal Law, the International Journal of Evidence and Proof,
Punishment and Society, Crime Media and Culture, Journal of Investigative
Psychology and Offender Profiling, Journal of Offender Rehabilitation and
Probation Journal. Members of the Institute have also acted as reviewers for
these journals as well as a wide range of other journals including Criminology,
Criminology & Public Policy, Crime Prevention and Community Safety: An
International Journal, the International Journal of Victimology, the International
Review of Victimology, Social and Legal Studies, the Modern Law Review, the
Journal of Law and Society and Humanity and Society.
15
Links and Visitors
In January 2005, Professor Phil Scraton was awarded a visiting scholarship to
Monash University, Melbourne. During this visit he gave public lectures and
seminars and began collaborative work on two projects: co-editing a special
issue of the international journal, Social Justice, on deaths in custody and
detention and a co-edited text (with Associate Professor Jude McCulloch) for
Routledge, The Violence of Incarceration.
In September 2005, the Institute hosted the 33rd Annual Conference of the
European Group for the Study of Deviance and Social Control. Well attended,
it was the Group’s third visit to Ireland, each typifying a direct connection to
local events. This conference, Crime, Justice and Transition, explored the
significance of transition in understanding definitions of ‘crime’ and ‘justice’,
political constructions of criminalization and ideologies of ‘other’. It provided
an opportunity to consider the theoretical and political imperatives of
transition, focusing particularly on crime and criminalization, criminal justice
and punishment, and social justice and human rights.
In September 2005, the Institute also hosted the first cross border
criminological conference in Ireland.
This event, organised by Ruth
Jamieson, sought to explore ways of responding to recommendation 282 of
the Criminal Justice Review which calls for the fostering of cooperation
between researchers in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland through
joint conferences and seminars. A number of active researchers were invited
to discuss key criminological and criminal justice issues in a north-south
context and to consider how further research on these issues might be
enhanced by participation from the government and voluntary sector. The
conference addressed key issues around the following broad thematic areas:




Criminal Justice & the Community
Policing
Equality and the Administration of Justice
Prison
Dr Graham Ellison undertook his sabbatical leave at the University of Cape
Town, South Africa from February to June 2005. While there he conducted a
comparative examination of donor assistance to international police reform
efforts which is due to be published in an edited volume entitled Crafting
Global Policing. Dr Ellison was also an invited participant at the International
Police Executive Symposium held at the Czech Police Academy, Prague in
September 2005. There he presented a paper outlining the obstacles to the
police reform process in Northern Ireland.
From September-December 2005 Professor McEvoy was a visiting Professor
at the Mannheim Centre for Criminology, London School of Economics. He
was working on the judges and lawyers in transition project and a project on
options for truth recovery in Northern Ireland.
16
Seminar Series
Duncan McLaughlan, formerly of
Queen's University Belfast
“In Pursuit of Decency”
“Human Rights and
Against Terrorism”
the
Professor Egbert Myjer, Judge of
the European Court of Human
Fight Rights
The lecture was jointly hosted by
the Institute of Criminology and
Criminal Justice and the Human
Rights Centre, School of Law, QUB
17
Publications
Jackson, J. & J. Johnstone (2005) “The Reasonable Time Requirement: An
Independent and Meaningful Right? Criminal Law Review 3 – 23.
Jackson, J. (2005) “The Effect of Human Rights on Criminal Evidentiary
Processes: Towards, Convergence, Divergence or Realignment” 68 Modern
Law Review, 737 – 764.
Jackson, J., Doran, S. and C. Quinn (2005) “Evidence” in All England Law
Reports Annual Review for 2004, 207 – 222; 185 – 197.
Jamieson, R. (with A.T. Grounds) (2005) ”Release and readjustment:
perspectives from studies of wrongfully convicted and politically motivated
prisoners”, in A. Liebling and S. Maruna (eds.) The Effects of Imprisonment
Cullompton, Devon: Willan.
Jamieson, R. (with K. McEvoy) (2005) ”State Crime by Proxy and the Juridical
Other”, British Journal of Criminology 45: 504-527.
McAlinden, A. (2005) ”The Use of Shame with Sexual Offenders”, British
Journal of Criminology, 45:3, 373-94.
McAlinden, A. (2005) Review of 'Halting The Sexual Predators Among Us:
Preventing Attack, Rape And Lust Homicide', by Duane L. Dobbert, British
Journal of Criminology, 45:5, 790-792.
McAlinden, A (2005) ”Are There Limits to Restorative Justice? The Case of
Child Sexual Abuse” in D. Sullivan and L. Tift (Eds,) Handbook of Restorative
Justice: A Global Perspective. London: Routledge.
Liebling, A. & Maruna, S. (Eds.) (2005). The Effects of Imprisonment.
Cullompton: Willan Books.
Maruna, S. & Mann, R.. (2005). ”Fundamental Attribution Errors? Re-thinking
Cognitive Distortions”. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 11: 155-177.
Maruna, S. (2005). “Who Owns Resettlement? Towards Restorative ReIntegration”. British Journal of Community Justice, 4: 2, 23-33.
Maruna, S. & Copes, H. (2005). ”What Have We Learned in Five Decades of
Neutralization Research?” Crime and Justice: A Review of Research, 32: 221320.
Harris, N. and Maruna, S. (2005). “Shame, Shaming and Restorative Justice:
A Critical Appraisal” in D. Sullivan and L. Tifft (Eds.) Handbook of Restorative
Justice: A Global Perspective. London: Routledge.
Maruna, S. (2005). ”Rehabilitation as ‘Waste Management’: Autobiographical
Reconstruction and Desistance from Crime”. NOTA News, 51: 2-5.
18
King, A. and Maruna, S. (2005). “The Function of Fiction for the Punitive
Public” (pp. 16-30) in P. Mason (Ed.) Captured by the Media. Cullompton:
Willan.
Maruna, S. & Toch, H. (2005). “The Impact of Incarceration on the Desistance
Process” In Jeremy Travis and Christy Visher (Eds) Prisoner Reentry and
Public Safety in America. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Maruna, S. & Butler, M. (2005). “Phenomenology.” In K. Kempf-Leonard (Ed.)
Encyclopedia of Social Measurement, Vol. 3 Oxford: Elsevier Science.
Liebling, A. & Maruna, S. “The Effects of Imprisonment Revisited”. In Liebling,
A. & Maruna, S. (Eds.) (2005). The Effects of Imprisonment. Cullompton:
Willan Books.
King, A. & Maruna, S. (2005). “Vigilante Violence.” In R. Wright and J. M.
Miller (Ed.) Encyclopedia of Criminology, Routledge/Taylor & Francis.
Jamieson, R. & K. McEvoy (2005) “State Crime by Proxy and Juridical
Othering” British Journal of Criminology, 44:2, 504 -527.
McEvoy, K. and A. Eriksson (2005) Restorative Justice in Transition:
Ownership, Leadership and “Bottom Up” Human Rights. In D. Sullivan and L.
Tift (eds,) A Handbook of Restorative Justice. New York : Routledge,.
Shirlow, P., Graham, B., McEvoy K., Purvis, D. and F. Ó hAdhmaill (2005) Exprisoners and Conflict Transformation in Northern Ireland. Belfast: Community
Relations Council.
McEvoy, K. (2005) Employability in Prisons and Beyond. Belfast : NIACRO.
Quinn, K., Doran S. and J. Jackson (2005) “Evidence” in All England Law
Reports Annual Review for 2004, 207 – 222; 185 – 197.
Rolston, W. and Scraton, P. (2005) ”In the Full Glare of English Politics:
Ireland, Inquiries and the British State” British Journal of Criminology 45:4
Scraton, P. (Ed.) (2005) Antologica Neslaganja Onkraj 11, rujna Naklada
Jesenki I Turk: Zagreb
Scraton, P. (2005) ”Death on the Terraces: The Contexts and Injustices of the
1989 Hillsborough Disaster” in P. Darby, M. Jones and G. Mellor (Eds) Soccer
and Disaster: International Perspectives Routledge: London.
Scraton, P. (2005) “The Denial of Children’s Rights in the UK and the North of
Ireland” European Civil Liberties Network: Essays for Civil Liberties No. 14
www.ecln.org
19
Scraton, P (2005) ”Scant respect for children’s rights” Safer Society No 27,
(Winter)
Scraton, P. and Moore, L. (2005) The Hurt Inside: The Imprisonment of
Women and Girls in Northern Ireland (Revised edition) Belfast: Northern
Ireland Human Rights Commission
Scraton, P and Moore, L (2005) ”Degradation, Harm and Survival in a
Women’s Prison” Social Policy and Society Special Issue on Gendered
Violence 4: 4.
20
Research Grants
British Academy. Research Travel Grant in respect of
sabbatical at the University of Cape Town.
G. Ellison
2005
Atlantic Philanthropies. Transitional Justice from Below : A
Comparative Study of South Africa, Sierra Leone,
Indonesia, Colombia, Rwanda and Northern Ireland
K. McEvoy and H. Mika
2005-2007.
Atlantic Philanthropies. Judges, Lawyers and Human Rights
in Transition: A Comparative Study of Northern Ireland,
South Africa, USA, Canada, and the Republic of Ireland
K. McEvoy and S. Livingstone
2002-2006
Border Action. Ex-prisoners in Conflict Transformation in
the Border Communities : A Cross Border Analysis.
K. McEvoy, S. Maruna and B. Gormally
Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency.
Evaluation of the Youth Conference Pilot in Northern
Ireland.
D. O’Mahony, J. Jackson and K. McEvoy
2003-2006
Northern Ireland Human Rights Commission. Application of
Articles 2 and 3 of the ECHR in the imprisonment of
women, Phase 2
P. Scraton
2005-2006
Monash University Visiting Scholarship Award.
(for travel and research costs)
P. Scraton
2005
£5781
£252,000
£108,000
£23,000
£183,000
£8,000
£4,000
21
Papers Delivered:
Ellison, G. “The Commodification of Community Policing in
Marketplace” University of Cape Town, South Africa, May 2005
a Global
Ellison, G. “Obstacles to the police reform process in Northern Ireland”, Czech
Police Academy, Prague September 2005
Ellison, G. “Six Years On: Assessing the impact of the Independent
Commission on Policing” Criminology North and South Conference, Belfast,
September 2005
Jackson, J. “Hearsay and Character Evidence: the 2003 Criminal Justice Act
and the Criminal Justice (Evidence)(Northern Ireland) Order 2004”. (with
Sean Doran). Northern Ireland Judicial Studies Board, Belfast. February and
March 2005
Jackson, J. “The Effect of Human Rights on Criminal Processes of Proof”.
Staff seminar. University of Limerick. April 2005.
Jackson, J. “The Role of Criminal Justice Research in the Development of
Public Prosecution Agencies”. UN Development Project on the Modernization
of Public Prosecution Offices in the Arab States. Cairo, May 2005.
Jackson, J. “Reform of the Hearsay Rule”. Criminal Bar Association Annual
Conference. Belfast May 2005
Jackson, J. “The Ethical Implications of the Enhanced Role of the Public
Prosecutor”. Conference on Criminal Justice and Ethics. Bristol. June 2005.
Jackson, J. “Implementing the Criminal Justice Review.” North – South
Criminology Conference. Belfast. September 2005.
Jamieson, R. “Enterprise Nationalism”, Criminology North and South
Conference, Belfast, 21-22 September 2005
Jamieson, R. (with K. McEvoy) ”State Crime By Proxy and the Juridical
Other”, Socio-Legal Studies Association Conference, Liverpool, 30 March-1
April 2005.
Maruna, S. Faculty of Forensic Psychiatry Annual Meeting, Plenary Speaker
Belfast 2 February 2005
Maruna, S. Howard League “Community Penalties” Conference, Plenary
Speaker, 22 June 2005
Maruna, S. NACRO, “Integrated Resettlement: Making it Work”, Plenary
Speaker London 9 February 2005
22
Maruna, S., ”Politically Motivated Ex-prisoners and Transitional Identity :
Coping with Incarceration, Coping with post Incarceration” (with K. McEvoy),
North South Criminology Conference, Belfast, 22nd September 2005.
Maruna, S. NIACRO, 34th Annual General Meeting, Plenary Speaker, Belfast
24 November 2005
Maruna, S. NOTA (National Organisation for the Treatment of Abusers)
Conference, Dublin, Plenary Speaker 14 September 2005
Maruna, S. Scottish Howard League for Penal Reform, Invited Lecture
Edinburgh 9 March 2005
Maruna, S. University of Portsmouth, Forensic Psychology, Invited Lecture 23
June 2005
McAlinden, A. (2005), ”Grooming for Sexual Abuse: Personal, Social and
Institutional Factors”, British Society of Criminology Conference, Leeds, 1214th July 2005.
McAlinden, A. (2005), ”The Role of ’Grooming’ in Child Sexual Abuse: Public
Education and Protection”, 4th World Congress on Family Law and Children’s
Rights, Cape Town, South Africa, 20-23 March 2005.
McEvoy, K. ”The Reintegration of Paramilitary Prisoners in Northern Ireland :
Resistance, Transition and Exclusion” Invited Key Note Address, The Royal
College of Psychiatry Annual Meeting, Belfast, 2nd February, 2005.
McEvoy, K. ”Restorative Justice, Leadership and Transition from Conflict.”
Invited Key Note Address, PSNI Conference on Restorative Justice, 1st March
2005.
McEvoy, K. ”Criminology, Transitional Justice and Conflict Transformation.”
Invited Seminar Presentation, University of Sterling, 30th March 2005.
McEvoy, K., ”Beyond Legalism : Towards a Thick Theory of Transitional
Justice.” Inaugural Professorial Lecture, 12th April 2005.
McEvoy, K. ”State-crime, Colonialism and the War on Terror : Plus ca
Change”. Canadian Law and Society Conference, Hot Springs, Vancouver,
June 28th 2005
McEvoy, K. ”Critical Junctures In Legal Culture: Judges, Lawyers And Human
Rights In Transition”. British Criminology Conference, July 13th 2005
McEvoy, K. ”Politically Motivated Ex-prisoners and Transitional Identity :
Coping with Incarceration, Coping with Post-Incarceration” (with S. Maruna),
North South Criminology Conference, Belfast, 22nd September 2005.
23
McEvoy, K. “Beyond DDR (Demobilisation, Disarmament and Reintegration) :
Ex-combatants and Peacemaking in Perspective”, Invited Seminar
presentation, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, 9 th
November 2005.
McEvoy, K. ”Prisoners, Peace and the Middle East : Lesson from Northern
Ireland”. Invited Seminar Presentation, School of Oriental and African Studies,
London, 17th November 2005.
Scraton, P. ”The Impunity of the Powerful: Policing the ‘War on Terror”,
Monash University Public Lecture, Trades Hall, Melbourne, February.
Scraton, P. ”Speaking Truth to Power: Reflections on Critical Analysis,
Criminology and the State” Bridging the Solitudes Seminar, Monash
University, Melbourne, March.
Scraton, P. ”Degradation, Self Harm and Death in a Women’s Prison” Annual
Conference of the Australia and New Zealand Society of Criminology, Victoria
University, Wellington, New Zealand, February.
Scraton,P. ”The Criminalisation of Liverpool: Reputation, Representation and
Resistance” Plenary, Centre for Merseyside Studies Conference, Liverpool,
April.
Scraton, P. ”Fear, Loathing and Critique in the ‘Garrison State’” Closing
Plenary, Sixth Annual Conference of the British and Irish Section of the
European Group for the Study of Deviance and Social Control, University of
Central Lancashire, Preston, April.
Scraton, P. ”Current Trends in Youth Justice: A Critical Perspective” Plenary,
All-Ireland Network Breaking Through Conference, Dublin, April.
Scraton, P. ”The Authoritarian Within: Reflections on Power, Knowledge and
Resistance” Inaugural Professorial Lecture, Queen’s University, Belfast, June.
Scraton, P. ”The Hurt Inside: The Imprisonment of Women and girls in
Northern Ireland” 33rd Annual Conference of the European Group for the
Study of Deviance and Social Control, Queen’s University, Belfast,
September.
Scraton, P. ”Enduring and Challenging Institutionalised Gendered Violence: A
Case Study on the Politics of Imprisonment” North-South Criminology
Conference, Queen’s University, Belfast, September.
Scraton, P ”Women’s Imprisonment in Northern Ireland: Reflections and
Futures” Plenary, Northern Ireland Human Rights Commission Conference,
Waterfont Hall, Belfast, October (with Dr Linda Moore).
24
Members of the Institute
Professor Kieran McEvoy (Director)
Professor John Jackson
Professor Phil Scraton
Dr Shadd Maruna (from August 2005)
Dr Anne Marie McAlinden
Dr Graham Ellison
Ms Ruth Jamieson
Ms Katie Quinn
Ms Marny Requa (from October 2005)
Ms Karen Brennan (from Oct 2006)
Ms Clare Dwyer (from January 2007)
Dr Peter Shirlow (from February 2007)
Mr David O’Mahony (departed Sept 2006)
Institute Administrator
Tracey Spence
The Board of Advisers
His Honour Judge David Smyth QC
Philip Heymann
Sir Anthony Bottoms
Robin Masefield
Noel Rooney
Stephen Leach
Pat Conway
Eimear Fisher
Professor Dr Albin Eser
Dr Bill Lockhart
Sir Alasdair Fraser QC
Dr Gerald Lynch
Professor Egbert Myjer
Professor Dirk van Zyl Smit
Professor Joanna Shapland
Judith Gillespie
David Lavery
Kit Chivers
Duncan McLaughlin
25
Back Cover
Institute of Criminology and Criminal Justice
School of law
28 University Square
Queen’s University Belfast
Belfast
BT7 1NN
Tel: 028 9097 3472
Fax: 028 9097 3376
Email: iccj@qub.ac.uk
http://www.law.qub.ac.uk/iccj/index.html
26