Carter – Science – 8th Grade
Final Exam Study Guide - Energy Management and Conservation (Chapter 20) - Go Green
Schools Project
Modified True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the statement true.
____
1. A fuel is a substance that provides energy as a result of a chemical change. _________________________
____
2. In the United States, the fossil fuel that is present in the largest amount is natural gas.
_________________________
____
3. Fossil fuels are considered to be nonrenewable because they form at a slower rate than that at which they are
used. _________________________
____
4. An active solar system captures the sun’s energy, and then uses fans and pumps to distribute the heat.
_________________________
____
5. Two nuclei combine to form one nucleus in nuclear fission. _________________________
____
6. The cadmium in the control rods slows down a nuclear fission reaction by absorbing neutrons.
_________________________
____
7. Incandescent light bulbs are less efficient than compact fluorescent bulbs. _________________________
____
8. The energy generated by moving water in rivers is called geothermal energy. _________________________
____
9. Natural gas is more likely than coal or oil to cause air pollution. _________________________
____ 10. A famous equation developed by Einstein states that energy is equal to mass times the speed of light squared.
_________________________
Short Answer
Use the diagram to answer each question.
Electricity Production by Energy Source
11. Which of the energy sources shown are fossil fuels?
12. Which energy sources shown are considered to be renewable?
13. Which energy source produces the greatest percentage of electricity?
14. Which two of the named sources shown produce the most air pollution? Which two produce the least?
15. What type of nuclear reaction is currently used to produce electricity?
16. Predict how this graph is likely to change 100 years from now. Explain your answer.
Essay
17. One home is heated by burning wood in a fireplace, while another similar home is heated by burning oil.
Which method uses less fuel? Why?
18. Briefly explain how wind energy can be used to generate electricity.
19. Why must the United States purchase oil from other countries? What problem can this situation sometimes
cause?
20. Describe three advantages nuclear fusion would have over nuclear fission.
21. How is hydroelectric power an indirect form of solar energy?
22. Give two examples of ways to conserve energy at home.
23. Describe what happens in a nuclear fusion reaction. Why have scientists been unable to control fusion
reactions?
24. Explain how insulation increases the efficiency of heating and cooling systems.
Final Exam - Energy Managment and Conservation (Chapter 20) - Go Green Scools Project
Answer Section
MODIFIED TRUE/FALSE
1. ANS:
REF:
BLM:
2. ANS:
T
p. ES-354
knowledge
F, coal
PTS:
OBJ:
3. ANS:
REF:
BLM:
4. ANS:
REF:
STA:
5. ANS:
1
DIF: L1
REF: p. ES-356
ES.11.1.2 Name the three major fossil fuels. BLM:
knowledge
T
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
p. ES-360
OBJ: ES.11.1.3 Explain why fossil fuels are considered nonrenewable resources.
application
T
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
p. ES-362
OBJ: ES.11.2.1 Explain the forms of energy provided by the sun.
Gr7.P.10.c| Gr7.E.10.c
BLM: knowledge
F, fusion
PTS:
OBJ:
BLM:
6. ANS:
REF:
BLM:
7. ANS:
REF:
BLM:
8. ANS:
1
DIF: L1
REF: p. ES-374
ES.11.3.3 Describe what takes place in a nuclear fusion reaction.
knowledge
T
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
p. ES-372
OBJ: ES.11.3.2 Explain how a nuclear power plant produces electricity.
comprehension
T
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
p. ES-377
OBJ: ES.11.4.1 Name ways to ensure that there will be enough energy for the future.
comprehension
F, hydroelectric
PTS:
OBJ:
STA:
9. ANS:
1
DIF: L2
REF: p. ES-364
ES.11.2.2 Identify and describe various renewable sources of energy.
Gr7.P.10.c| Gr7.E.10.c
BLM: comprehension
F, less
PTS:
OBJ:
10. ANS:
REF:
BLM:
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
OBJ: ES.11.1.1 Explain how fuels provide energy.
1
DIF: L2
REF: p. ES-359
ES.11.1.2 Name the three major fossil fuels. BLM:
comprehension
T
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
p. ES-370
OBJ: ES.11.3.1 Describe what happens during a nuclear fission reaction.
comprehension
SHORT ANSWER
11. ANS:
coal, petroleum, and natural gas
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. ES-356
OBJ: ES.11.1.2 Name the three major fossil fuels. BLM:
12. ANS:
hydroelectric and possibly “other”
analysis
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. ES-364
OBJ: ES.11.2.2 Identify and describe various renewable sources of energy.
STA: Gr7.P.10.c| Gr7.E.10.c
BLM: analysis
13. ANS:
coal, at 59.3 percent
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. ES-356
OBJ: ES.11.1.2 Name the three major fossil fuels. BLM:
analysis
14. ANS:
Petroleum and coal produce the most; hydroelectric and nuclear produce the least.
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. ES-356| p. ES-358| p. ES-359| p. ES-364| p. ES-372| p. ES-373
OBJ: ES.11.1.2 Name the three major fossil fuels. BLM:
analysis
15. ANS:
nuclear fission
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. ES-372
OBJ: ES.11.2.2 Identify and describe various renewable sources of energy.
STA: Gr7.P.10.c| Gr7.E.10.c
BLM: comprehension
16. ANS:
Answers may vary, but students may predict that the hydroelectric, “other,” and nuclear wedges will be
bigger, and that the fossil fuel wedges will be smaller because there will be more conservation/less
availability of nonrenewable fossil fuels.
PTS: 1
DIF: L3
REF: p. ES-360
OBJ: ES.11.1.3 Explain why fossil fuels are considered nonrenewable resources.
BLM: synthesis