Name:
Block:
Date:
The Hydrosphere
Environmental Science
The Hydrosphere
 Hydrosphere: all of the __________________ on or near Earth’s surface
 Includes:
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________ beneath Earth’s surface
__________________
Earth’s Oceans
Pacific Ocean
 Pacific Ocean = __________________ ocean
Surface area of 165,640,000 km2
 Deepest point = ____________________________________
East of the Philippine islands
About 11,033m below sea level – deeper than Mt. Everest is tall
 Pacific divided into North Pacific & South Pacific based on __________________ flow
 North Pacific = __________________________
 South Pacific = __________________________
Atlantic Ocean
 Atlantic Ocean = __________________ largest ocean
 ________ the size of the Pacific Ocean
 Surface area of 81,630,000 km2
 Also divided into North & South based on __________________ flow
Indian Ocean
 Indian Ocean = __________________ largest ocean
 Surface area of 73,420,000 km2
Arctic Ocean
 Arctic Ocean = __________________ ocean
 Surface area of 14, 350,000 km2
 Surface covered by ________________________ (floating ice)
Ocean Water
 Ocean water contains __________________
 __________________: measure of amount of dissolved salts in a given
amount of liquid
Lower in places with a lot of __________________
Higher where water __________________ quickly
 Most salt is _________________________________ (____________)
Temperature Zones
 Surface of oceans is warmed by the __________________, depths are just above __________________
 3 layers: __________________ zone, ________________________, __________________ zone
Global Temperature Regulator
 Oceans absorb & store energy from the __________________, which regulates ________________________
temperature
Oceans absorb & release heat __________________ than land
 __________________ temperatures are regulated by oceans
Ocean Currents
 __________________ currents: stream-like movements of water at or near the surface of the ocean
__________________ driven
May be warm or cold, but do not mix
 __________________ currents: stream-like movements of water that flow very slowly along the ocean
floor
__________________, __________________ water from the poles sinks below __________________ water
Fresh Water & River Systems



Fresh water: water that contains insignificant amounts of
__________________
Most trapped in __________________ and __________________
Also found in __________________, __________________,
__________________, __________________, & the __________________
Groundwater
 Groundwater: collection of water from __________________ & melting
__________________ that runs off the land & trickles through the ground
 Makes up ________% of the Earth’s water
 Supplies __________________ water as well as __________________ &
__________________ needs
Aquifers
 Aquifers: __________________ layers that store & allow the flow of __________________________
The Water Cycle
 The Water Cycle: continuous water movement
__________________  __________________  __________________  __________________
 Evaporation: change of a substance from a __________________ to a __________________
Most water evaporates from __________________
 Condensation: change of a substance from a __________________ to a __________________
Water vapor forms droplets on dust particles, which forms __________________
 Precipitation: any form of water that falls to the Earth’s surface from the __________________
Includes __________________, __________________, __________________, & __________________