Earth Space Science Homework DUE: ________
NAME: ________________PD:____
The control what is used to compare the results to, in an experiment. It is the variable in
which no independent variable has been applied.
The constant is anything that stays the same in an experiment to make sure that only the
independent variable is being changed.
Example: What liquid dissolves eggshells the most, Gatorade or Coke?
Independent variable:
Dependent variable:
Control:
3 Constants:
Daniel conducted an experiment to learn what the optimal amount of fertilizer to grow
daisies is; 5 grams, 10 grams, or 15 grams of fertilizer.
Independent variable:
Dependent variable:
Control:
3 Constants:
Stephanie performed an experiment to determine what liquid aids in plant grow the most,
vinegar, grape juice, apple juice and tea.
Independent variable:
Dependent variable:
Control:
3 Constants:
1. What is the significance of finding animal fossils of non-sea creatures on separate continents?
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2. Write a 3-4 sentences explaining the differences and similarities between a scientific law and scientific
theory.
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3. Early scientists thought the shapes of birds’ wings helped birds fly. In their first experiments, they made
wings the same thickness and shape from front to back. This didn’t work. What might these scientists have
done after they analyzed their results?
a. tested the same hypothesis
c. taken a vacation
b. stopped conducting tests
d. designed new wing shapes
4. You want to determine if a new diet medication will make rats lose weight. What is the independent
variable?
a. measuring weight loss
c. the new diet medication
b. the rats
d. the food the rats eat.
5. You want to determine if a new diet medication will help rats to lose weight. What is the dependent
variable?
a. measuring the weight lost
c. the new diet medication
b. the rats
d. the food the rats eat.
6. You want to determine if a new diet medication will help rats to lose weight. What factors should you keep
the same throughout the experiment for both sets of rats?
a. rats and medication
c. weight and medication
b. food they eat and weight
d. rats and food they eat
7. You want to determine if a new diet medication will help rats to lose weight. Why is it necessary to have
two sets of rats?
a. If some die, you have some left.
c. to compare rats taking the new medication to rats without
the medication
b. Some may be picky eaters.
d. to compare the rats old diet (the food they eat) to the new
food they eat.
8. Carmen conducted an experiment to determine if listening to different types of music would affect a
person’s pulse. Her hypothesis was that pulse rate would change with different types of music. Each person
listened to seven different selections of music for 30 seconds each. Each person’s pulse was taken before the
music and then after each 30-second interval of music. The pulses were taken again after the music selections
were completed. Based on her experiment, Carmen concluded that a person’s pulse rate changed when the
person listened to different types of music.
Which component is missing from Carmen’s experiment?
A. a question
B. a hypothesis
C. a control group
D. a description of the experiment
9. A scientist performs an experiment to see if acids have an effect on the health of a particular type of plant.
Three sets of plants were treated with acidic solutions of known pH while the control set was treated with a
solution of neutral pH 7.
Which is the best conclusion for this experiment?
A. Acid has no effect on the health of this type of plant.
B. High acidity is helpful to this type of plant.
C. Low acidity is harmful to this type of plant.
D. High acidity is harmful to this type of plant.
Continental Drift Theory
Fill in below the evidence scientist have found to support the Continental Drift Theory.
Land Features
Fossil Evidence
Climate Change
Plate Tectonics
Draw arrows indicating the direction the tectonic plates will move at that boundary. Then, describe the
changes that happen to the crust due to the plates’ movement.
Divergent Boundary
Convergent Boundary
Two oceanic crust plates collide
An oceanic crust and continental
crust plate collide
Two continental crust plates
collide
Transform Boundary