Name ___________________________
Grade: _______ out of 250
Illustration Essay
Requirements
Documentation
Parenthetical citations
Works cited
Integrating researched information
Direct quotes from source
Provide credentials of source
Paraphrasing
Summarizing
Varied signal phrase placement
Varied signal phrase verbs
Original content – your own comments/explanations about the source material
Personal experiences and observations
Anecdotes
Sentence variety
Conjunctive adverbs
Transitional expressions
Subordinating conjunctions
Participial phrases
Proofreading for errors
Required content check sheet
Name ______________________________
Integrating researched information
Direct quotes from source
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Provide credentials of source (see PSM p. 113-114)
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Varied signal phrase placement (see PSM p. 113)
Before quotation
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Middle of quotation
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After quotation
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Varied signal phrase verbs (see PSM p. 113)
Example 1 __________________
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Example 2 __________________
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Example 3 __________________
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Paraphrasing
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Summarizing
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Sentence variety
Conjunctive adverbs
Example 1 __________________
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Example 2 __________________
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Example 3 __________________
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Transitional expressions
Example 1 __________________
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Example 2 __________________
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Example 3 __________________
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Subordinating conjunctions
Example 1 __________________
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Example 2 __________________
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Example 3 __________________
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Participial phrases (first three words)
Example 1 __________________
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Example 2 __________________
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Example 3 __________________
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Conjunctive Adverbs and Transitional Expressions (PSM p. 62)
A conjunctive adverb is used with a semicolon and a comma to separate two closely related main clauses in a
sentence. It shows the relationship between the clauses.
For example:
I wanted to go; however, I was too busy.
The check was for more than the balance; consequently, it bounced.
These things really happened; otherwise, I wouldn't have claimed to have seen them.
Here is a list of common conjunctive adverbs.
accordingly,
also,
anyway,
besides,
certainly,
consequently,
finally,
further,
furthermore,
hence,
however,
incidentally,
indeed,
instead,
likewise,
meanwhile,
moreover,
namely,
nevertheless,
next,
nonetheless,
now,
otherwise,
similarly,
still,
then,
thereafter,
therefore,
thus,
undoubtedly,
A transitional expression shows how a sentence relates to the sentence(s) before it.
It is usually at the beginning of the sentence and is usually followed by a comma.
For example:
I broke my leg last week. As a result, I cannot play in the game.
I do not agree with you. On the other hand, I have been wrong in the past.
Here is a list of common transitional expressions:
After all,
For example,
For instance,
As a result,
In addition,
In fact,
Even so,
In other words,
On the contrary,
On the other hand,
A subordinating conjunction connects an adverb clause to the main clause of a sentence.
It shows the relationship between the two parts of the sentence.
Note: If the adverb clause starts the sentence, put a comma after it.
For example:
Before you leave the room, turn out the lights. (use a comma)
Don’t forget to call me when you get to the house. (no comma)
Below are some commonly used subordinating conjunctions.
(The bold words are categories, not examples.)
Time
after, as, before, since, until, when, whenever, while
Cause
as, because, even though, since, unless, whereas, while
Purpose
in order that, so that, such that, that
Condition although, despite, if, provided that, though
A participle is a verb used as an adjective. It usually ends in –ed or –ing.
A participial phrase is a participle and any words that are used with it.
Participial phrases are usually set off by commas.
Start some sentences with participial phrases to create sentence variety.
For example:
Running through the rain, I lost my shoe.
Deciding not to stop for the hitchhiker, we drove on.
Remembering that he had left his keys on the kitchen table and forgetting that he had left the front
door unlocked, Ted crawled through the bathroom window to get in.