REPORT INTRODUCTION
NURSING CARE TO CLIENTS ANXIETY
A. MAJOR PROBLEMS: ANXIETY
B. PROCESS OF PROBLEM
1. Definition
Anxiety is a feeling relaxed because of a vague discomfort or fear is accompanied by a response (often non-specific sources or not known by the individual); a feeling of fear will be something caused by the anticipation of danger. It is aware that the warning signal of impending danger and strengthen individuals to take action to face the threat.
Anxiety has a positive value. According to Stuart and Laraia (2005) individuals positive aspects of developing with the confrontation, gerk forward the development of and experience deal with anxiety. But the advanced state of anxiety can disrupt a person's life.
2. Levels of Anxiety
A.
According to Stuart and Sundeen (1998:175-176), the level of anxiety as follows: mild anxiety associated with stress in daily life and causes people to be vigilant and increase the perception of land. Anxiety to motivate learning and produce growth and creativity.
B.
Anxiety is allows one to concentrate on the important and the exclusion of others, so that a person experiences a selective attention but can do something more purposeful.
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C.
Anxiety Weight greatly reduces the perception of one's land. One tends to focus on something that is detailed and specific and can not think about anything else.
All behaviors aimed at reducing tensions. That person can take a lot of direction to focus on one other area.
D.
level of anxiety associated with panic awe, fear and terror. Details of the split of proportion, although not able to do something with the direction. Panic involving personality disorganization. An increase in motor activity, decreased ability to relate to others, distorted perception, loss of rational thought.
3. Predisposing factors
According to Stuart and Laraia (1998: 177-181) there are several theories to explain anxiety, including:
(1) psychoanalytic view. Anxiety is an emotional conflict that occurs between the two elements of personality - the id and superego. Id represents the primitive impulse instinct and impulse, while the superego reflects a person's conscience and controlled by one's cultural norms. Ego or I serve to mediate the demands of the two conflicting elements and functions of the ego anxiety is reminded that there is a danger.
(2) Interpersonal view, anxiety arising from fear of the lack of interpersonal acceptance and rejection. Anxiety associated with the development of trauma, such as separation and loss, which raises specific weaknesses. People who have low self esteem especially prone to the development of severe anxiety.
(3) view of behavior, anxiety is a product of frustration to all things that disrupt a person's ability to achieve the desired goal. Behavioral experts regard as the encouragement of the study is based on the desire to avoid pain. Individuals who are familiar with the early life are faced with more often showed exaggerated fear of anxiety in later life.
(4) Study of Families, Anxiety is commonly encountered in the family. There is overlap in anxiety disorders and between anxiety disorders and depression.
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(5). Biological studies, brain contain specific receptors for benzodiazepines. These receptors help regulate anxiety. Inhibitor of GABA also plays a key role in the biological mechanisms associated with anxiety as well as endorphins. Anxiety may be accompanied by physical disruption and subsequent lowering a person's capacity to cope with the stressor.
4.Precipitation factor
Precipitation factor can be divided into: a. Threats to the integrity of a person includes a physiological inability to come or reduced capacity to perform activities of daily living b. Threats to the system can jeopardize a person's self identity, self-esteem, and social functions of the integrated one.
5. Coping sources
Individuals cope with anxiety coping with moving the sources in the environment.
A. Coping Mechanisms
Moderate and severe levels of anxiety lead to two types of coping mechanisms as follows; a. Reaction that is task-oriented conscious effort and action-oriented to meet the demands of stressful situations realistically, such as attacking behavior to change or overcome obstacles to the implementation requirements, Pulling away to move from the source of stress, compromise to change the purpose or sacrificing personal needs. b. Ego defense mechanisms to help resolve mild and moderate anxiety, but progress is not self-aware and involved deception and distortion of reality and are maladaptive.
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B.Data that needs to be studied: a. Behavior
Decreased productivity, Observe and alert, bad eye contact, Fidget, a glimpse into something, excessive movement (eg, foot shuffling, movement of the arm / hand), expression of concern related to the change of events in life, insomnia, restless feeling. b. Affective
Sorry, iritabel, profound sadness, fear, Nervousness, excessive joy, pain and helplessness increased sedentary, rattling, Uncertainties, fears rise, focus on yourself, feeling inadequate, fear, Distressed, Worried, concerned and Worrying c. Physiological
A shaky voice, trembling / tremors hands, rocked back and forth, increased respiration
(Sympathetic), urgency of urination (parasympathetic), Nadi increased (Sympathetic),
Pupil dilation (Sympathetic), increased reflexes (Sympathetic), abdominal pain
(parasympathetic), sleep disorders (parasympathetic), tingling feeling in the extremities
(parasympathetic), cardiovascular excitations (Sympathetic), Sweat increases, tense face, anorexia (Sympathetic), heart palpitations (Sympathetic), Diarhea (parasympathetic),
Indecision micturition (parasympathetic ), Fatigue (parasympathetic), Dry Mouth
(Sympathetic), weakness (Sympathetic), reduced Nadi (parasympathetic), face volatile
(Sympathetic), vasoconstriction of superficial (Sympathetic), twitching (Sympathetic),
Blood Pressure Decreased (parasympathetic), nausea ( parasympathetic), Frequency of micturition (parasympathetic), fainting (parasympathetic), difficult breathing
(Sympathetic), increased blood pressure (parasympathetic) d. Cognitive
Barriers to think, Confused, Preokupasi, Forgetful, reflection, attention is weak, decreased perception Field, Fear effect that is not typical, Tends to blame others., Hard to concentrate, decreased ability to: (Solve problems and learn), awareness of physiological symptoms e. Factors related
Exposure to toxins, conflicts are not aware of the importance of values / purpose in life, family relationships / descent, unmet needs, Interpersonal - transmission / transmission,
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situational crisis / maturation, death threats, threats against self-concept, stress, substance abuse, threats of or changes in:
- Status of roles, health status, Interaction Patterns, Functions, Roles, Environment,
Economic Status
(NANDA 2005-2006: 9-11)
C. NURSING DIAGNOSIS AND TREE PROBLEM
(Attached)
Nursing Problems
A. Low self-esteem
2. Body image disturbance
3. Anxiety
4. Ineffective individual coping
5. Lack of knowledge
E. Nursing actions for Generalist (2SP).
A. Construct a trusting relationship
2. Assess the safety needs of clients
3. Take a moment to express feeling
4. Exercise and Relaxation Techniques Stress reduction
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5. Creating an exercise plan Relaxation techniques and stress reduction
6. Practicing relaxation techniques and stress reduction in daily life
Specialist Nursing individual therapy for clients
A. Progressive Relaxation Therapy
2. Thought therapy Stoping
3. Behavior Therapy
4. Cognitive Therapy
5. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy
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